java Semaphore信号亮-同意多个任务同一时候訪问这个资源--thinking in java21.7.6
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package org.rui.thread.newc.semaphore; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import java.util.concurrent.Semaphore; /** * 同意N个任务同一时候訪问这个资源 * @author lenovo * * @param <T> */ public class Pool<T> { private int size; private List<T> items = new ArrayList<T>(); private volatile boolean[] checkedOut; private Semaphore available; public Pool(Class<T> classObject, int size) { this.size = size; checkedOut = new boolean[size]; available = new Semaphore(size, true); // load pool with objects that can be checked out:能够检查的对象的负载池 for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) { // assumes a default constructor自己的默认构造函数 try { // Object o=classObject.newInstance(); // Fat f=(Fat) classObject.newInstance(); items.add(classObject.newInstance()); } catch (Exception e) { throw new RuntimeException(e); } } } //假设你须要一个新对象,那么你能够调用checkOut(),在使用完后递交给checkIn() public T checkOut() throws InterruptedException { //假设没有不论什么的Semaphore许何证,意味着池中没有对象可用了 available.acquire();//获取一个许可(假设提供了一个)并马上返回,将可用的许可数减 1。 return getItems(); } public void checkIn(T x) { if (releaseItem(x)) //假设被签入的对象有效,则会向信号亮返回一个许可证 available.release();//释放一个许可,将其返回给信号量。 } private synchronized T getItems() { for (int i = 0; i < size; ++i) { //System.out.println(checkedOut[i]); if (!checkedOut[i])//假设为false 说明是releaseItem 则能够签出 { checkedOut[i] = true; //System.out.println("xxxxxx===="+items.get(i)); return items.get(i); } } return null;// semaphore prevents reaching here防止信号到达这里 } private synchronized boolean releaseItem(T item) { int index = items.indexOf(item); if (index == -1) return false;// not in the list if (checkedOut[index])//假设为true 则说明已签出 则能够释放 { //System.out.println("releaseItem:"+item); checkedOut[index] = false; return true; } return false;// wasn‘t checked out 没有签出 } }
package org.rui.thread.newc.semaphore; public class Fat { private volatile double d; private static int counter = 0; private final int id = counter++; public Fat() { // expensive, interruptible operation: for (int i = 1; i < 10000; i++) { d += (Math.PI + Math.E) / (double) i; } } public void operation() { System.out.println("operation>> "+this); } @Override public String toString() { return "Fat>>id:" + id; } }
<pre name="code" class="java">package org.rui.thread.newc.semaphore; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService; import java.util.concurrent.Executors; import java.util.concurrent.Future; import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit; class CheckoutTask<T> implements Runnable { private static int counter = 0; private final int id = counter++; private int index; private Pool<T> pool; public CheckoutTask(Pool<T> pool, int size) { this.pool = pool; this.index = size; } @Override public void run() { try { T item = pool.checkOut(); System.out.println(this + "checked out 已签出:" + item); TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1); System.out.println("checked in 释放:" + item); pool.checkIn(item);// 将用完的对像释放 // System.out.println(index+" counter="+counter+" id=="+id); // if(index==counter-1){ // TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1); // System.out.println("=======all checkoutTasks created"); // // } } catch (InterruptedException e) { System.out.println(e.getMessage()); // TODO Auto-generated catch block // e.printStackTrace(); } } @Override public String toString() { return "checkoutTask " + id + " "; } } // ////////////////////////// public class SemaphoreDemo { final static int Size = 25; public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException { final Pool<Fat> pool = new Pool<Fat>(Fat.class, Size); ExecutorService exec = Executors.newCachedThreadPool(); // 開始操练pool for (int i = 0; i < Size; i++) { exec.execute(new CheckoutTask<Fat>(pool, i)); } System.out.println("all checkoutTasks created"); // main 開始签出pool中的Fat对象 -1,但并不签入他们。// 一但池中的全部的对象都被签出后,semaphore将不在运行不论什么签出操作, List<Fat> list = new ArrayList<Fat>(); for (int i = 0; i < Size; i++) { try { Fat f = pool.checkOut(); System.out.println(i + " >>main() thrad checked out 签出"); f.operation(); list.add(f); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } // 无对象可签出 run 会堵塞 Future<?
> blocked = exec.submit(new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { try { // semaphore prevents additional checkout 信号量防止额外的校验 // so call is blocked 因此调用被堵塞 pool.checkOut(); } catch (InterruptedException e) { System.err.print("checkOut() interrupted"); // e.printStackTrace(); } } }); // 持有一段时间后再将它们签入 TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(2); // 以此来挣脱future。取消,冗余的签入将被pool忽略 System.out.println("任务是否完毕:"+blocked.isDone()); blocked.cancel(true);// break out of blocked call 中断呼叫中断 试图取消对此任务的运行 System.out.println(); /////////////////都签入之后 再能够继续使用pool for (Fat f : list) { pool.checkIn(f); } //这里事实上能够再次使用pool了, for (Fat f : list) { pool.checkIn(f);// second checkin ignored 二签忽略 } // exec.shutdown(); } } /** * output: * checkoutTask 0 checked out 已签出:Fat>>id:0 checkoutTask 2 checked out 已签出:Fat>>id:2 checkoutTask 1 checked out 已签出:Fat>>id:1 checkoutTask 4 checked out 已签出:Fat>>id:3 checkoutTask 3 checked out 已签出:Fat>>id:4 checkoutTask 5 checked out 已签出:Fat>>id:5 checkoutTask 6 checked out 已签出:Fat>>id:6 checkoutTask 7 checked out 已签出:Fat>>id:7 checkoutTask 8 checked out 已签出:Fat>>id:8 checkoutTask 9 checked out 已签出:Fat>>id:9 checkoutTask 10 checked out 已签出:Fat>>id:10 checkoutTask 11 checked out 已签出:Fat>>id:11 checkoutTask 12 checked out 已签出:Fat>>id:12 checkoutTask 13 checked out 已签出:Fat>>id:13 checkoutTask 14 checked out 已签出:Fat>>id:14 checkoutTask 15 checked out 已签出:Fat>>id:15 checkoutTask 16 checked out 已签出:Fat>>id:16 checkoutTask 18 checked out 已签出:Fat>>id:18 checkoutTask 17 checked out 已签出:Fat>>id:17 checkoutTask 19 checked out 已签出:Fat>>id:19 checkoutTask 20 checked out 已签出:Fat>>id:20 checkoutTask 21 checked out 已签出:Fat>>id:21 checkoutTask 22 checked out 已签出:Fat>>id:22 checkoutTask 23 checked out 已签出:Fat>>id:23 all checkoutTasks created 0 >>main() thrad checked out 签出 operation>> Fat>>id:24 checked in 释放:Fat>>id:1 checkoutTask 24 checked out 已签出:Fat>>id:1 checked in 释放:Fat>>id:2 1 >>main() thrad checked out 签出 operation>> Fat>>id:2 checked in 释放:Fat>>id:0 2 >>main() thrad checked out 签出 operation>> Fat>>id:0 checked in 释放:Fat>>id:3 3 >>main() thrad checked out 签出 operation>> Fat>>id:3 checked in 释放:Fat>>id:4 4 >>main() thrad checked out 签出 operation>> Fat>>id:4 checked in 释放:Fat>>id:5 5 >>main() thrad checked out 签出 operation>> Fat>>id:5 checked in 释放:Fat>>id:7 6 >>main() thrad checked out 签出 operation>> Fat>>id:7 checked in 释放:Fat>>id:9 7 >>main() thrad checked out 签出 operation>> Fat>>id:9 checked in 释放:Fat>>id:11 8 >>main() thrad checked out 签出 operation>> Fat>>id:11 checked in 释放:Fat>>id:13 9 >>main() thrad checked out 签出 operation>> Fat>>id:13 checked in 释放:Fat>>id:15 10 >>main() thrad checked out 签出 operation>> Fat>>id:15 checked in 释放:Fat>>id:17 11 >>main() thrad checked out 签出 operation>> Fat>>id:17 checked in 释放:Fat>>id:21 12 >>main() thrad checked out 签出 operation>> Fat>>id:21 checked in 释放:Fat>>id:19 13 >>main() thrad checked out 签出 operation>> Fat>>id:19 checked in 释放:Fat>>id:23 14 >>main() thrad checked out 签出 operation>> Fat>>id:23 checked in 释放:Fat>>id:8 checked in 释放:Fat>>id:6 15 >>main() thrad checked out 签出 operation>> Fat>>id:6 16 >>main() thrad checked out 签出 operation>> Fat>>id:8 checked in 释放:Fat>>id:10 17 >>main() thrad checked out 签出 checked in 释放:Fat>>id:14 checked in 释放:Fat>>id:16 checked in 释放:Fat>>id:18 checked in 释放:Fat>>id:20 checked in 释放:Fat>>id:22 checked in 释放:Fat>>id:12 operation>> Fat>>id:10 18 >>main() thrad checked out 签出 operation>> Fat>>id:12 19 >>main() thrad checked out 签出 operation>> Fat>>id:14 20 >>main() thrad checked out 签出 operation>> Fat>>id:16 21 >>main() thrad checked out 签出 operation>> Fat>>id:18 22 >>main() thrad checked out 签出 operation>> Fat>>id:20 23 >>main() thrad checked out 签出 operation>> Fat>>id:22 checked in 释放:Fat>>id:1 24 >>main() thrad checked out 签出 operation>> Fat>>id:1 任务是否完毕:false checkOut() interrupted */
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