JAX-WS服务端及客户端

Posted 2020-06-22 掉尾瓶

一、概述

　　Java API for XML Web Services (JAX-WS)是Java程序设计语言一个用来创建Web服务的API。

　　在服务器端，用户只需要通过Java语言定义远程调用所需要实现的接口SEI（service endpoint interface），并提供相关的实现，通过调用JAX-WS的服务发布接口就可以将其发布为WebService接口。

　　在客户端，用户可以通过JAX-WS的API创建一个代理（用本地对象来替代远程的服务）来实现对于远程服务器端的调用。

二、使用jdk的JAX-WS发布服务

1.写服务端的接口

1 package com.webservice.jaxws;
2 
3 public interface Hello {
4     public String sayHello(String name);
5 }

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2.写服务端的实现（使用注解@WebService）这个必须在实现类写，不然报错（class com.webservice.jaxws.HelloImpl has neither @WebService nor @WebServiceProvider annotation）

 1 package com.webservice.jaxws;
 2 
 3 import javax.jws.WebService;
 4 @WebService
 5 public class HelloImpl implements Hello{
 6 
 7     @Override
 8     public String sayHello(String name) {
 9         return "hi, "+name;
10     }
11 
12 }

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3.使用jdk中Endpoint发布服务

package com.webservice.jaxws;

import javax.xml.ws.Endpoint;

public class HelloServerPub {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Hello hello = new HelloImpl();
        Endpoint.publish("http://localhost:8080/hello", hello);
        System.out.println("发布成功！");
    }
}

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4.在浏览器地址栏输入服务发布的地址查看wsdl及schema文件

 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!-- Published by JAX-WS RI at http://jax-ws.dev.java.net. RI‘s version is JAX-WS RI 2.2.4-b01. --><!-- Generated by JAX-WS RI at http://jax-ws.dev.java.net. RI‘s version is JAX-WS RI 2.2.4-b01. --><definitions xmlns:wsu="http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-wssecurity-utility-1.0.xsd" xmlns:wsp="http://www.w3.org/ns/ws-policy" xmlns:wsp1_2="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2004/09/policy" xmlns:wsam="http://www.w3.org/2007/05/addressing/metadata" xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/soap/" xmlns:tns="http://jaxws.webservice.com/" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/" targetNamespace="http://jaxws.webservice.com/" name="HelloImplService">
 2 <types>
 3 <xsd:schema>
 4 <xsd:import namespace="http://jaxws.webservice.com/" schemaLocation="http://localhost:8080/hello?xsd=1"></xsd:import>
 5 </xsd:schema>
 6 </types>
 7 <message name="sayHello">
 8 <part name="parameters" element="tns:sayHello"></part>
 9 </message>
10 <message name="sayHelloResponse">
11 <part name="parameters" element="tns:sayHelloResponse"></part>
12 </message>
13 <portType name="HelloImpl">
14 <operation name="sayHello">
15 <input wsam:Action="http://jaxws.webservice.com/HelloImpl/sayHelloRequest" message="tns:sayHello"></input>
16 <output wsam:Action="http://jaxws.webservice.com/HelloImpl/sayHelloResponse" message="tns:sayHelloResponse"></output>
17 </operation>
18 </portType>
19 <binding name="HelloImplPortBinding" type="tns:HelloImpl">
20 <soap:binding transport="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/http" style="document"></soap:binding>
21 <operation name="sayHello">
22 <soap:operation soapAction=""></soap:operation>
23 <input>
24 <soap:body use="literal"></soap:body>
25 </input>
26 <output>
27 <soap:body use="literal"></soap:body>
28 </output>
29 </operation>
30 </binding>
31 <service name="HelloImplService">
32 <port name="HelloImplPort" binding="tns:HelloImplPortBinding">
33 <soap:address location="http://localhost:8080/hello"></soap:address>
34 </port>
35 </service>
36 </definitions>

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 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!-- Published by JAX-WS RI at http://jax-ws.dev.java.net. RI‘s version is JAX-WS RI 2.2.4-b01. --><xs:schema xmlns:tns="http://jaxws.webservice.com/" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" version="1.0" targetNamespace="http://jaxws.webservice.com/">
 2 
 3 <xs:element name="sayHello" type="tns:sayHello"></xs:element>
 4 
 5 <xs:element name="sayHelloResponse" type="tns:sayHelloResponse"></xs:element>
 6 
 7 <xs:complexType name="sayHello">
 8 <xs:sequence>
 9 <xs:element name="arg0" type="xs:string" minOccurs="0"></xs:element>
10 </xs:sequence>
11 </xs:complexType>
12 
13 <xs:complexType name="sayHelloResponse">
14 <xs:sequence>
15 <xs:element name="return" type="xs:string" minOccurs="0"></xs:element>
16 </xs:sequence>
17 </xs:complexType>
18 </xs:schema>

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三、客户端

1.根据wsdl生成客户端（打开命令行窗口，切换到src目录，执行"wsimport -keep http://localhost:8080/hello?wsdl"生成客户端代码，如下图所示：）

2、 借助生成的代码编写调用WebService对外提供的方法

　　wsimport工具帮我们生成了好几个java类，但我们只需要关心HelloImplService类和HelloImpl接口的使用即可

 1 package com.webservice;
 2 
 3 import com.webservice.jaxws.HelloImpl;
 4 import com.webservice.jaxws.HelloImplService;
 5 
 6 public class ClientTest {
 7     public static void main(String[] args) {
 8         //创建一个用于产生HelloImpl实例的工厂，HelloImplService类是wsimport工具生成的
 9         HelloImplService service = new HelloImplService();
10         //通过工厂生成HelloImpl一个实例
11         HelloImpl hello = service.getHelloImplPort();
12         //调用HelloImpl接口的方法
13         String value = hello.sayHello("Tom");
14         System.out.println(value);
15     }
16 }

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打印的结果：hi, Tom