scrapy-splash抓取动态数据例子二

Posted 2020-09-21 shaomine

　　一、介绍

　　　　本例子用scrapy-splash抓取一点资讯网站给定关键字抓取咨询信息。

　　　　给定关键字：打通；融合；电视

　　　　抓取信息内如下：

　　　　　　1、资讯标题

　　　　　　2、资讯链接

　　　　　　3、资讯时间

　　　　　　4、资讯来源

　　二、网站信息

　　　　

　　　　

　　　　

　　三、数据抓取

　　　　针对上面的网站信息，来进行抓取

　　　　1、首先抓取信息列表，由于信息列表的class值有“item doc style-small-image style-content-middle” 和“item doc style-multi-image”两种情况，所以用contains包含item doc style-的语法来抓

　　　　　　抓取代码：sels = site.xpath(\'//a[contains(@class,"item doc style-")]\')

　　　　2、抓取标题

　　　　　　抓取代码：titles = sel.xpath(\'.//div[@class="doc-title"]/text()\')

　　　　3、抓取链接

　　　　　　抓取代码：it[\'url\'] = \'http://www.yidianzixun.com\' + sel.xpath(\'.//@href\')[0].extract()

　　　　4、抓取日期

　　　　　　抓取代码：dates = sel.xpath(\'.//span[@class="date"]/text()\')

　　　　5、抓取来源

　　　　　　抓取代码：it[\'source\'] = sel.xpath(\'.//span[@class="source"]/text()\')[0].extract()

 　　

　　四、完整代码

　　　　1、yidianzixunSpider

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import scrapy
from scrapy import Request
from scrapy.spiders import Spider
from scrapy_splash import SplashRequest
from scrapy_splash import SplashMiddleware
from scrapy.http import Request, htmlResponse
from scrapy.selector import Selector
from scrapy_splash import SplashRequest
from splash_test.items import SplashTestItem
import IniFile
import sys
import os
import re
import time
reload(sys)
sys.setdefaultencoding(\'utf-8\')

# sys.stdout = open(\'output.txt\', \'w\')

class yidianzixunSpider(Spider):
    name = \'yidianzixun\'

    start_urls = [
        \'http://www.yidianzixun.com/channel/w/打通?searchword=打通\',
        \'http://www.yidianzixun.com/channel/w/融合?searchword=融合\',
        \'http://www.yidianzixun.com/channel/w/电视?searchword=电视\'
    ]

    # request需要封装成SplashRequest
    def start_requests(self):
        for url in self.start_urls:
            print url
            index = url.rfind(\'=\')
            yield SplashRequest(url
                                , self.parse
                                , args={\'wait\': \'2\'},
                                meta={\'keyword\': url[index + 1:]}
                                )

    def date_isValid(self, strDateText):
        \'\'\'
        判断日期时间字符串是否合法：如果给定时间大于当前时间是合法，或者说当前时间给定的范围内
        :param strDateText: 四种格式 \'2小时前\'; \'2天前\' ; \'昨天\' ;\'2017.2.12 \'
        :return: True:合法；False:不合法
        \'\'\'
        currentDate = time.strftime(\'%Y-%m-%d\')
        if strDateText.find(\'分钟前\') > 0 or strDateText.find(\'刚刚\') > -1:
            return True, currentDate
        elif strDateText.find(\'小时前\') > 0:
            datePattern = re.compile(r\'\\d{1,2}\')
            ch = int(time.strftime(\'%H\'))  # 当前小时数
            strDate = re.findall(datePattern, strDateText)
            if len(strDate) == 1:
                if int(strDate[0]) <= ch:  # 只有小于当前小时数，才认为是今天
                    return True, currentDate
        return False, \'\'

    def parse(self, response):
        site = Selector(response)
        keyword = response.meta[\'keyword\']
        it_list = []
        sels = site.xpath(\'//a[contains(@class,"item doc style-")]\')
        for sel in sels:
            dates = sel.xpath(\'.//span[@class="date"]/text()\')
            if len(dates) > 0:
                flag, date = self.date_isValid(dates[0].extract())
                if flag:
                    titles = sel.xpath(\'.//div[@class="doc-title"]/text()\')
                    if len(titles) > 0:
                        title = str(titles[0].extract())
                        if title.find(keyword) > -1:
                            it = SplashTestItem()
                            it[\'title\'] = title
                            it[\'url\'] = \'http://www.yidianzixun.com\' + sel.xpath(\'.//@href\')[0].extract()
                            it[\'date\'] = date
                            it[\'keyword\'] = keyword
                            it[\'source\'] = sel.xpath(\'.//span[@class="source"]/text()\')[0].extract()
                            it_list.append(it)
        if len(it_list) > 0:
            return it_list

　　　　2、SplashTestItem

import scrapy

class SplashTestItem(scrapy.Item):
    #标题
    title = scrapy.Field()
    #日期
    date = scrapy.Field()
    #链接
    url = scrapy.Field()
    #关键字
    keyword  = scrapy.Field()
    #来源网站
    source =  scrapy.Field()

　　3、SplashTestPipeline

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Define your item pipelines here
#
# Don\'t forget to add your pipeline to the ITEM_PIPELINES setting
# See: http://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html
import codecs
import json

class SplashTestPipeline(object):
    def __init__(self):
        # self.file = open(\'data.json\', \'wb\')
        self.file = codecs.open(
            \'spider.txt\', \'w\', encoding=\'utf-8\')
        # self.file = codecs.open(
        #     \'spider.json\', \'w\', encoding=\'utf-8\')

    def process_item(self, item, spider):
        line = json.dumps(dict(item), ensure_ascii=False) + "\\n"
        self.file.write(line)
        return item

    def spider_closed(self, spider):
        self.file.close()

　　　　4、settings.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Scrapy settings for splash_test project
#
# For simplicity, this file contains only settings considered important or
# commonly used. You can find more settings consulting the documentation:
#
#     http://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/settings.html
#     http://scrapy.readthedocs.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html
#     http://scrapy.readthedocs.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html
ITEM_PIPELINES = {
        \'splash_test.pipelines.SplashTestPipeline\':300
        }
BOT_NAME = \'splash_test\'

SPIDER_MODULES = [\'splash_test.spiders\']
NEWSPIDER_MODULE = \'splash_test.spiders\'

SPLASH_URL = \'http://192.168.99.100:8050\'
# Crawl responsibly by identifying yourself (and your website) on the user-agent
#USER_AGENT = \'splash_test (+http://www.yourdomain.com)\'

# Obey robots.txt rules
ROBOTSTXT_OBEY = False

DOWNLOADER_MIDDLEWARES = {
    \'scrapy_splash.SplashCookiesMiddleware\': 723,
    \'scrapy_splash.SplashMiddleware\': 725,
    \'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.httpcompression.HttpCompressionMiddleware\': 810,
}
SPIDER_MIDDLEWARES = {
    \'scrapy_splash.SplashDeduplicateArgsMiddleware\': 100,
}
DUPEFILTER_CLASS = \'scrapy_splash.SplashAwareDupeFilter\'
HTTPCACHE_STORAGE = \'scrapy_splash.SplashAwareFSCacheStorage\'
# Configure maximum concurrent requests performed by Scrapy (default: 16)
#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS = 32

# Configure a delay for requests for the same website (default: 0)
# See http://scrapy.readthedocs.org/en/latest/topics/settings.html#download-delay
# See also autothrottle settings and docs
#DOWNLOAD_DELAY = 3
# The download delay setting will honor only one of:
#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_DOMAIN = 16
#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_IP = 16

# Disable cookies (enabled by default)
#COOKIES_ENABLED = False

# Disable Telnet Console (enabled by default)
#TELNETCONSOLE_ENABLED = False

# Override the default request headers:
#DEFAULT_REQUEST_HEADERS = {
#   \'Accept\': \'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8\',
#   \'Accept-Language\': \'en\',
#}

# Enable or disable spider middlewares
# See http://scrapy.readthedocs.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html
#SPIDER_MIDDLEWARES = {
#    \'splash_test.middlewares.SplashTestSpiderMiddleware\': 543,
#}

# Enable or disable downloader middlewares
# See http://scrapy.readthedocs.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html
#DOWNLOADER_MIDDLEWARES = {
#    \'splash_test.middlewares.MyCustomDownloaderMiddleware\': 543,
#}

# Enable or disable extensions
# See http://scrapy.readthedocs.org/en/latest/topics/extensions.html
#EXTENSIONS = {
#    \'scrapy.extensions.telnet.TelnetConsole\': None,
#}

# Configure item pipelines
# See http://scrapy.readthedocs.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html
#ITEM_PIPELINES = {
#    \'splash_test.pipelines.SplashTestPipeline\': 300,
#}

# Enable and configure the AutoThrottle extension (disabled by default)
# See http://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/autothrottle.html
#AUTOTHROTTLE_ENABLED = True
# The initial download delay
#AUTOTHROTTLE_START_DELAY = 5
# The maximum download delay to be set in case of high latencies
#AUTOTHROTTLE_MAX_DELAY = 60
# The average number of requests Scrapy should be sending in parallel to
# each remote server
#AUTOTHROTTLE_TARGET_CONCURRENCY = 1.0
# Enable showing throttling stats for every response received:
#AUTOTHROTTLE_DEBUG = False

# Enable and configure HTTP caching (disabled by default)
# See http://scrapy.readthedocs.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html#httpcache-middleware-settings
#HTTPCACHE_ENABLED = True
#HTTPCACHE_EXPIRATION_SECS = 0
#HTTPCACHE_DIR = \'httpcache\'
#HTTPCACHE_IGNORE_HTTP_CODES = []
#HTTPCACHE_STORAGE = \'scrapy.extensions.httpcache.FilesystemCacheStorage\'