word模版替换不了?

Posted 2023-04-28

原来word有出现死循环，后来有修改过注册表解决，但忘记是修改哪些内容（网上看来的）。现在出现的情况是这样的：我的电脑打开别人发给我的word文件，结果格式不一样，经过研究发现是word模版的问题，所以就把别人的模版copy过来想替换掉原来的模版，结果再次打开他们发过来的相同文件，只正常显示了一秒钟，格式马上就变了。再到C:\Documents and Settings\administrator\Application Data\Microsoft\Templates去看，发现多了一个normal.dot.back文件，百度说是备份文件，删除后并替换模版后只要重新打开别人发来的word文件又会发生上述循环。为什么会这样呢？是因为曾经修改过注册表的原因么？求大侠帮忙。
为什么啥事都要自己解决。累的不行，最后还是自己找到资源，试了一遍又一遍，终于搞定！好辛苦。

我也发现过类似问题，是删除了一个文件就解决了，文件名称我记不太清了，文件名称里面也是有“normal”字符的一个模版文件。请你再试一试。 参考技术A 删除模板后，直接打开你本地word应该就能重建一个模板不用考别人的。注册表里的内容最好别动啊。

使用poi根据模版生成word文档，支持插入数据和图片

一、制作word模版，${xxxx}是一会要替换的内容，最下面的表格是要插入数据，根据是否以$开头来判断是需要替换还是插入数据，

　　注意如果是需要插入数据，制作的表格模版需要一行空行，也只能有一行空行，原因可以看我代码的逻辑，表格中${header}

　　和${hearder2}是放入需要替换的图片

 

二、添加poi所需要的jar包文件，我用的maven对jar包进行管理

 

<dependency>
      <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
      <artifactId>poi</artifactId>
      <version>3.11</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
      <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
      <artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId>
      <version>3.11</version>
</dependency>

 

 

三、由于poi自身bug,会出现图片无法显示问题，这里需要自定义一个类继承XWPFDocument类，接下来使用的都是我们自己创建的这个类来操作word对象，这个

　　类对XWPFDocument进行了继承，所以不用担心会有什么问题

package com.cccuu.project.myUtils;

import org.apache.poi.openxml4j.opc.OPCPackage;
import org.apache.poi.xwpf.usermodel.XWPFDocument;
import org.apache.poi.xwpf.usermodel.XWPFParagraph;
import org.apache.xmlbeans.XmlException;
import org.apache.xmlbeans.XmlToken;
import org.openxmlformats.schemas.drawingml.x2006.main.CTNonVisualDrawingProps;
import org.openxmlformats.schemas.drawingml.x2006.main.CTPositiveSize2D;
import org.openxmlformats.schemas.drawingml.x2006.wordprocessingDrawing.CTInline;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;

/******************************************* 
 *
 * @Package com.cccuu.project.myUtils
 * @Author duan
 * @Date 2018/3/29 17:55
 * @Version V1.0
 *******************************************/
public class CustomXWPFDocument extends XWPFDocument {

        public CustomXWPFDocument(InputStream in) throws IOException {
                super(in);
        }

        public CustomXWPFDocument() {
                super();
        }

        public CustomXWPFDocument(OPCPackage pkg) throws IOException {
                super(pkg);
        }

        /**
         * @param id
         * @param width 宽
         * @param height 高
         * @param paragraph  段落
         */
        public void createPicture(int id, int width, int height,XWPFParagraph paragraph) {
        final int EMU = 9525;
        width *= EMU;
        height *= EMU;
        String blipId = getAllPictures().get(id).getPackageRelationship().getId();
        CTInline inline = paragraph.createRun().getCTR().addNewDrawing().addNewInline();
        String picXml = ""
        +"<a:graphic xmlns:a=\\"http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/drawingml/2006/main\\">"
        +"   <a:graphicData uri=\\"http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/drawingml/2006/picture\\">"
        +"      <pic:pic xmlns:pic=\\"http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/drawingml/2006/picture\\">"
        +"         <pic:nvPicPr>" + "            <pic:cNvPr id=\\""
        + id
        +"\\" name=\\"Generated\\"/>"
        +"            <pic:cNvPicPr/>"
        +"         </pic:nvPicPr>"
        +"         <pic:blipFill>"
        +"            <a:blip r:embed=\\""
        + blipId
        +"\\" xmlns:r=\\"http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/officeDocument/2006/relationships\\"/>"
        +"            <a:stretch>"
        +"               <a:fillRect/>"
        +"            </a:stretch>"
        +"         </pic:blipFill>"
        +"         <pic:spPr>"
        +"            <a:xfrm>"
        +"               <a:off x=\\"0\\" y=\\"0\\"/>"
        +"               <a:ext cx=\\""
        + width
        +"\\" cy=\\""
        + height
        +"\\"/>"
        +"            </a:xfrm>"
        +"            <a:prstGeom prst=\\"rect\\">"
        +"               <a:avLst/>"
        +"            </a:prstGeom>"
        +"         </pic:spPr>"
        +"      </pic:pic>"
        +"   </a:graphicData>" + "</a:graphic>";

        inline.addNewGraphic().addNewGraphicData();
        XmlToken xmlToken = null;
        try{
        xmlToken = XmlToken.Factory.parse(picXml);
        }catch(XmlException xe) {
        xe.printStackTrace();
        }
        inline.set(xmlToken);

        inline.setDistT(0);
        inline.setDistB(0);
        inline.setDistL(0);
        inline.setDistR(0);

        CTPositiveSize2D extent = inline.addNewExtent();
        extent.setCx(width);
        extent.setCy(height);

        CTNonVisualDrawingProps docPr = inline.addNewDocPr();
        docPr.setId(id);
        docPr.setName("图片"+ id);
        docPr.setDescr("测试");
        }
}

 

四、接下来就是导出word的工具类了

package com.cccuu.project.myUtils;

import org.apache.poi.xwpf.usermodel.*;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.*;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.regex.Matcher;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;

/*******************************************
 * 通过word模板生成新的word工具类
 * @Package com.cccuu.project.myUtils
 * @Author duan
 * @Date 2018/3/29 14:24
 * @Version V1.0
 *******************************************/
public class WordUtils {

    /**
     * 根据模板生成word
     * @param path     模板的路径
     * @param params   需要替换的参数
     * @param tableList   需要插入的参数
     * @param fileName 生成word文件的文件名
     * @param response
     */
    public void getWord(String path, Map<String, Object> params, List<String[]> tableList, String fileName, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
        File file = new File(path);
        InputStream is = new FileInputStream(file);
        CustomXWPFDocument doc = new CustomXWPFDocument(is);
        this.replaceInPara(doc, params);    //替换文本里面的变量
        this.replaceInTable(doc, params, tableList); //替换表格里面的变量
        OutputStream os = response.getOutputStream();
        response.setHeader("Content-disposition", "attachment; filename=" + fileName);
        doc.write(os);
        this.close(os);
        this.close(is);

    }

    /**
     * 替换段落里面的变量
     * @param doc    要替换的文档
     * @param params 参数
     */
    private void replaceInPara(CustomXWPFDocument doc, Map<String, Object> params) {
        Iterator<XWPFParagraph> iterator = doc.getParagraphsIterator();
        XWPFParagraph para;
        while (iterator.hasNext()) {
            para = iterator.next();
            this.replaceInPara(para, params, doc);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 替换段落里面的变量
     *
     * @param para   要替换的段落
     * @param params 参数
     */
    private void replaceInPara(XWPFParagraph para, Map<String, Object> params, CustomXWPFDocument doc) {
        List<XWPFRun> runs;
        Matcher matcher;
        if (this.matcher(para.getParagraphText()).find()) {
            runs = para.getRuns();
            int start = -1;
            int end = -1;
            String str = "";
            for (int i = 0; i < runs.size(); i++) {
                XWPFRun run = runs.get(i);
                String runText = run.toString();
                if (\'$\' == runText.charAt(0) && \'{\' == runText.charAt(1)) {
                    start = i;
                }
                if ((start != -1)) {
                    str += runText;
                }
                if (\'}\' == runText.charAt(runText.length() - 1)) {
                    if (start != -1) {
                        end = i;
                        break;
                    }
                }
            }

            for (int i = start; i <= end; i++) {
                para.removeRun(i);
                i--;
                end--;
            }

            for (Map.Entry<String, Object> entry : params.entrySet()) {
                String key = entry.getKey();
                if (str.indexOf(key) != -1) {
                    Object value = entry.getValue();
                    if (value instanceof String) {
                        str = str.replace(key, value.toString());
                        para.createRun().setText(str, 0);
                        break;
                    } else if (value instanceof Map) {
                        str = str.replace(key, "");
                        Map pic = (Map) value;
                        int width = Integer.parseInt(pic.get("width").toString());
                        int height = Integer.parseInt(pic.get("height").toString());
                        int picType = getPictureType(pic.get("type").toString());
                        byte[] byteArray = (byte[]) pic.get("content");
                        ByteArrayInputStream byteInputStream = new ByteArrayInputStream(byteArray);
                        try {
                            //int ind = doc.addPicture(byteInputStream,picType);
                            //doc.createPicture(ind, width , height,para);
                            doc.addPictureData(byteInputStream, picType);
                            doc.createPicture(doc.getAllPictures().size() - 1, width, height, para);
                            para.createRun().setText(str, 0);
                            break;
                        } catch (Exception e) {
                            e.printStackTrace();
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }


    /**
     * 为表格插入数据，行数不够添加新行
     *
     * @param table     需要插入数据的表格
     * @param tableList 插入数据集合
     */
    private static void insertTable(XWPFTable table, List<String[]> tableList) {
        //创建行,根据需要插入的数据添加新行，不处理表头
        for (int i = 0; i < tableList.size(); i++) {
            XWPFTableRow row = table.createRow();
        }
        //遍历表格插入数据
        List<XWPFTableRow> rows = table.getRows();
        int length = table.getRows().size();
        for (int i = 1; i < length - 1; i++) {
            XWPFTableRow newRow = table.getRow(i);
            List<XWPFTableCell> cells = newRow.getTableCells();
            for (int j = 0; j < cells.size(); j++) {
                XWPFTableCell cell = cells.get(j);
                String s = tableList.get(i - 1)[j];
                cell.setText(s);
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * 替换表格里面的变量
     * @param doc    要替换的文档
     * @param params 参数
     */
    private void replaceInTable(CustomXWPFDocument doc, Map<String, Object> params, List<String[]> tableList) {
        Iterator<XWPFTable> iterator = doc.getTablesIterator();
        XWPFTable table;
        List<XWPFTableRow> rows;
        List<XWPFTableCell> cells;
        List<XWPFParagraph> paras;
        while (iterator.hasNext()) {
            table = iterator.next();
            if (table.getRows().size() > 1) {
                //判断表格是需要替换还是需要插入，判断逻辑有$为替换，表格无$为插入
                if (this.matcher(table.getText()).find()) {
                    rows = table.getRows();
                    for (XWPFTableRow row : rows) {
                        cells = row.getTableCells();
                        for (XWPFTableCell cell : cells) {
                            paras = cell.getParagraphs();
                            for (XWPFParagraph para : paras) {
                                this.replaceInPara(para, params, doc);
                            }
                        }
                    }
                } else {
                    insertTable(table, tableList);  //插入数据
                }
            }
        }
    }


    /**
     * 正则匹配字符串
     *
     * @param str
     * @return
     */
    private Matcher matcher(String str) {
        Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile("\\\\$\\\\{(.+?)\\\\}", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE);
        Matcher matcher = pattern.matcher(str);
        return matcher;
    }


    /**
     * 根据图片类型，取得对应的图片类型代码
     *
     * @param picType
     * @return int
     */
    private static int getPictureType(String picType) {
        int res = CustomXWPFDocument.PICTURE_TYPE_PICT;
        if (picType != null) {
            if (picType.equalsIgnoreCase("png")) {
                res = CustomXWPFDocument.PICTURE_TYPE_PNG;
            } else if (picType.equalsIgnoreCase("dib")) {
                res = CustomXWPFDocument.PICTURE_TYPE_DIB;
            } else if (picType.equalsIgnoreCase("emf")) {
                res = CustomXWPFDocument.PICTURE_TYPE_EMF;
            } else if (picType.equalsIgnoreCase("jpg") || picType.equalsIgnoreCase("jpeg")) {
                res = CustomXWPFDocument.PICTURE_TYPE_JPEG;
            } else if (picType.equalsIgnoreCase("wmf")) {
                res = CustomXWPFDocument.PICTURE_TYPE_WMF;
            }
        }
        return res;
    }

    /**
     * 将输入流中的数据写入字节数组
     *
     * @param in
     * @return
     */
    public static byte[] inputStream2ByteArray(InputStream in, boolean isClose) {
        byte[] byteArray = null;
        try {
            int total = in.available();
            byteArray = new byte[total];
            in.read(byteArray);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            if (isClose) {
                try {
                    in.close();
                } catch (Exception e2) {
                    e2.getStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
        return byteArray;
    }


    /**
     * 关闭输入流
     *
     * @param is
     */
    private void close(InputStream is) {
        if (is != null) {
            try {
                is.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * 关闭输出流
     *
     * @param os
     */
    private void close(OutputStream os) {
        if (os != null) {
            try {
                os.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }

}

 

五、最后就是进行测试了，我是用的是ssm框架，这里放出测试代码

@RequestMapping("exportWordData")
    public void exportWordData(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response){
        WordUtils wordUtil=new WordUtils();
        Map<String, Object> params = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        params.put("${position}", "java开发");
        params.put("${name}", "段然涛");
        params.put("${sex}", "男");
        params.put("${national}", "汉族");
        params.put("${birthday}", "生日");
        params.put("${address}", "许昌");
        params.put("${height}", "165cm");
        params.put("${biYeDate}", "1994-02-03");
        params.put("${landscape}", "团员");
        params.put("${zhuanYe}", "社会工作");
        params.put("${xueLi}", "本科");
        params.put("${school}", "江西科技师范大学");
        params.put("${phone}", "177");
        params.put("${eMail}", "157");

        try{
            Map<String,Object> header = new HashMap<String, Object>();
            header.put("width", 100);
            header.put("height", 150);
            header.put("type", "jpg");
            header.put("content", WordUtils.inputStream2ByteArray(new FileInputStream("C:/Users/Administrator/Desktop/jar包/11.jpg"), true));
            params.put("${header}",header);
            Map<String,Object> header2 = new HashMap<String, Object>();
            header2.put("width", 100);
            header2.put("height", 150);
            header2.put("type", "jpg");
            header2.put("content", WordUtils.inputStream2ByteArray(new FileInputStream("C:/Users/Administrator/Desktop/jar包/22.jpg"), true));
            params.put("${header2}",header2);
            List<String[]> testList = new ArrayList<String[]>();
            testList.add(new String[]{"1","1AA","1BB","1CC"});
            testList.add(new String[]{"2","2AA","2BB","2CC"});
            testList.add(new String[]{"3","3AA","3BB","3CC"});
            testList.add(new String[]{"4","4AA","4BB","4CC"});
            String path="C:/Users/Administrator/Desktop/jar包/mobanFile.docx";  //模板文件位置
            String fileName= new String("测试文档.docx".getBytes("UTF-8"),"iso-8859-1");    //生成word文件的文件名
            wordUtil.getWord(path,params,testList,fileName,response);

        }catch(Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

 

六、最后生成的word文档