CentOS 5.9裸机编译安装搭建LAMP

Posted Joynic

tags:

篇首语:本文由小常识网(cha138.com)小编为大家整理,主要介绍了CentOS 5.9裸机编译安装搭建LAMP相关的知识,希望对你有一定的参考价值。

    Linux系统:CentOS 5.9,查看CentOS版本,命令如下:

[[email protected] /]# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS release 5.9 (Final)

     

    以前装过mysqlphp的机器,最好是先查看一下MySQL或者PHP是否未卸载:

[[email protected] /]# rpm -qa|grep mysql
[[email protected] /]# 

    ↑ 结果表明MySQL未安装或者已经被卸载,如果已安装,则可以选择保留或者卸载,卸载命令:yum remove mysql

[[email protected] /]# rpm -qa|grep php
[[email protected] /]# 

    ↑结果表明PHP未安装或者已经被卸载

     Apache同上述……

     

    到SourceForge(http://sourceforge.net/  强大的SF,下载很方便,顶一个!)下载安装包,Apache搜索“Apache HTTP Server”、MySQL直接搜索“MySQL”,phpMyAdmin搜索“phpMyAdmin”至于PHP嘛,还是建议去php.net下载,:)

    下载完成传到Linux服务器上……也可以直接在服务器上用wget命令下载,可是找链接地址还得搜索,费劲,不如直接去下来得方便。。。个人意见,勿喷,,

    

    开始安装:

     解压各个包到  /usr/src 目录下:

     tar zxvf [文件名.tar.gz] -C /usr/src   (C必须大写,否则报错!)

     例如,解压php:

[[email protected] home]# tar zxvf php-xxxx.tar.gz -C /usr/src

    其他包相同……

        一.安装MySQL

    1.程序安装

    MySQL 5.5.x版本需要先安装 bison和cmake :

    bison直接用yum 安装就好:

[[email protected] home]# yum install bison

    安装cmake:

wget http://www.cmake.org/files/v2.8/cmake-2.8.4.tar.gz

    下载后同样解压到  /usr/src 目录下

[[email protected] home]# cd /usr/src/cmake-2.8.4/
[[email protected] home]# ./configure

    执行上述命令后发现报错:

[[email protected] cmake-2.8.6]# ./configure
---------------------------------------------
CMake 2.8.6, Copyright 2000-2009 Kitware, Inc.
---------------------------------------------
Error when bootstrapping CMake:
Cannot find appropriate C compiler on this system.
Please specify one using environment variable CC.
See cmake_bootstrap.log for compilers attempted.

---------------------------------------------
Log of errors: /usr/src/cmake-2.8.6/Bootstrap.cmk/cmake_bootstrap.log
---------------------------------------------

    原来是在系统上找不到合适的C编译器,啊哦,GCC忘了装,莫慌,直接  yum命令装上gcc,还有gcc-C++没装的话后面也会提示错误,一起装上吧,,,

[[email protected] cmake-2.8.6]# yum install gcc gcc-c++

    装好了之后,重新在cmake目录下执行: # ./configure,执行成功后会在最后提示你 “CMake has bootstrapped.  Now run gmake.

”,好的,运行:

     gmake

     gmake install

     等一会,cmake就装好了,

          添加组和用户:

    

[[email protected] home]# groupadd mysql
[[email protected] home]# useradd -g mysql mysql
[[email protected] home]# mkdir -p /data/mysql
[[email protected] home]# chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql

    接下来依次执行:

[[email protected] home]# cd /usr/src/mysql-5.5.29
[[email protected] home]# cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysql -DSYSCONFDIR=/etc/

    报错:

-- Could NOT find Curses (missing:  CURSES_LIBRARY CURSES_INCLUDE_PATH) 
CMake Error at cmake/readline.cmake:83 (MESSAGE):
  Curses library not found.  Please install appropriate package,

      remove CMakeCache.txt and rerun cmake.On Debian/Ubuntu, package name is libncurses5-dev, on Redhat and derivates it is ncurses-devel.
Call Stack (most recent call first):
  cmake/readline.cmake:127 (FIND_CURSES)
  cmake/readline.cmake:217 (MYSQL_USE_BUNDLED_LIBEDIT)
  CMakeLists.txt:269 (MYSQL_CHECK_READLINE)


-- Configuring incomplete, errors occurred!

     解决办法:

[[email protected] mysql-5.5.29]# rm CMakeCache.txt
[[email protected] mysql-5.5.29]# yum install ncurses-devel

    解决之后依次:

[[email protected] mysql-5.5.29]# make        
[[email protected] mysql-5.5.29]# make install

    设置MySQL:

cd /usr/local/mysql
cp ./support-files/my-huge.cnf /etc/my.cnf

    编辑/etc/my.cnf
    在 [mysqld] 段增加
    datadir = /data/mysql
    wait-timeout = 30
    max_connections = 512
    max_connect_errors = 10000000
    default-storage-engine=MyISAM


    在 [mysqld] 段修改
    max_allowed_packet = 16M

    接下来执行: 

./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql
cp ./support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
chmod 755 /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
chkconfig --add mysqld
chkconfig --level 3 mysqld on

   编译/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
   把basedir=编辑成basedir=/usr/local/mysql
   把datadir=编辑成datadir=/data/mysql

   至此,MySQL数据库就装好了,:D

   启动服务:

[[email protected] mysql]# service mysqld start
Starting MySQL...                                          [  OK  ]
[[email protected] mysql]# 

   OK,成功!

   2.设置root的密码

   进入mysql:

[[email protected] mysql]# mysql -uroot -p
-bash: mysql: command not found

    因为mysql命令的路径在/usr/local/mysql/bin下面,所以你直接使用mysql命令时,系统在/usr/bin下面查此命令,所以找不到了
    解决办法是:做个链接即可

[[email protected] /]#  ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/bin

    进入MySQL控制台之后,给root添加密码(这里给root设置的密码为“root”):

mysql> use mysql;
Database changed
mysql> update user set password=PASSWORD(‘root‘) where user=‘root‘;
Query OK, 4 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 4  Changed: 4  Warnings: 0

mysql> 

    执行成功,退出控制台,重启MySQL服务即可:

[[email protected] /]# service mysqld restart
Shutting down MySQL.                                       [  OK  ]
Starting MySQL..                                           [  OK  ]
[[email protected] /]# 

   

 

 

    二.安装Apache HTTP Server

    1.安装前准备

    要安装Apache HTTP Server,必须先安装zlib-devel包:

yum install zlib-devel

    配置Apache:

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache2 --with-mpm=worker --enable-so --enable-rewrite --enable-cache

--enable-file-cache --enable-disk-cache --enable-mem-cache --enable-deflate --enable-expires --enable-headers

--disable-actions --disable-cgid --disable-cgi --disable-autoindex --disable-userdir --disable-alias --disable-include

--enable-proxy-ajp --enable-proxy --enable-proxy-balancer

    编译和安装:

[[email protected] httpd-2.2.23]# make
[[email protected]calhost httpd-2.2.23]# make install

    把Apache的服务控制器复制到系统 init.d目录下

[[email protected] httpd-2.2.23]# cp /usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl /etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd

    现在Apache已经装好了,但是不支持chkconfig,也不支持service httpd start/stop,解决方案:

    1)、将apachectl文件拷贝到/etc/rc.d/init.d 中,然后在/etc/rc.d/rc5.d/下加入链接即可。
命令如下:
     cp /usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl /etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd        //如果有其他的版本的Apache存在,也可以直接覆盖掉
     ln -s /etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd /etc/rc.d/rc5.d/S85httpd
此时Apache就可以自动启动了。


    2)、 运行chkconfig --list,发现没有linux服务列表中httpd,通过chkconfig --add httpd来添加,但是提示:httpd服务不支持 chkconfig。需要编辑/etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd,添加以下注释信息:
    # chkconfig: 345 85 15
    # description: Activates/Deactivates Apache Web Server   //描述文字,随便写
      第一行3个数字参数意义分别为:哪些Linux级别需要启动httpd(3,4,5);启动序号(85);关闭序号(15)。
      保存后执行:chkconfig --add httpd,成功添加。

     

     完成后就可以使用service httpd start/stop了,只是没有提示信息  :-(,如下:

[[email protected] /]# service httpd start
[[email protected] /]# service httpd start
httpd (pid 27846) already running
[[email protected] /]# 

    解决方法:

    编辑 httpd.conf

    开启include httpd-info,即去掉前面的#号

    然后编辑/usr/local/apache2/conf/extra/下的   httpd-info.conf  的内容

    将里边的Allow from 更改为all

    最后重启Apache

        然后敲  service http status/stop/restart/start 等命令试下,发现status命令有点繁琐,不过无伤大雅。

   

    三.安装PHP

  1.配置PHP

    进入PHP的解压包,开始配置:

# cd /usr/src/php-5.4.11/

    执行 ./configure ....(后面命令省略)报错,如下:

checking libxml2 install dir... no
checking for xml2-config path... 
configure: error: xml2-config not found. Please check your libxml2 installation.

    libxml2-devel没安装,openssl和openssl-devel没安装的话,后面也会出错,还有bzip2 bzip2-devel、curl curl-devel、gd gd-devel、libjpeg libjpeg-devel、libmcrypt libmcrypt-devel、net-snmp net-snmp-devel也是一样,yum!

# yum install libxml2-devel openssl openssl-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel curl curl-devel gd gd-devel libjpeg libjpeg-devel libmcrypt libmcrypt-devel net-snmp net-snmp-devel

   配置时出错可参考文章:wang01ning.blog.163.com/blog/static/860179020104443154501/

   完成后,配置:

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache2/bin/apxs --enable-fpm --with-mcrypt=/usr/local/libmcrypt 
--with-zlib --enable-mbstring --with-openssl --with-mysql
--with-mysqli --with-mysql-sock --with-gd --with-jpeg-dir=/usr/lib
--enable-gd-native-ttf --enable-pdo --with-pdo-mysql
--with-gettext --with-curl --with-pdo-mysql --enable-sockets
--enable-bcmath --enable-xml --with-bz2 --with-gettext
--with-snmp --enable-zip --with-snmp

    (红色部分很重要!!!)

    配置成功,会有一句:Thank you for using PHP.  出现,表示配置OK啦
  

    2.编译安装

[[email protected] php-5.4.11]# make
[[email protected] php-5.4.11]# make install

    耐心等待一会就行了,,,

    3.PHP的配置文件php.ini

    将php.ini-development 文件复制到/usr/local/php/lib下并重命名 为php.ini,这点倒是和Windows上的一样,呵呵

[[email protected] php-5.4.11]# cp php.ini-development /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini

    4.配置Apache,让其支持PHP

    到 /usr/local/apache2/conf 下找到httpd.conf,

    在AddType application/x-gzip .gz .tgz下面,

    添加两行

AddType application/x-httpd-php .php
AddType application/x-httpd-php-source .phps

    在

    # Example:
  # LoadModule foo_module modules/mod_foo.so
  #

     下面添加
     LoadModule php5_module modules/libphp5.so

    保存,重启Apache,遇到问题:

[[email protected] php-5.4.11]# service httpd restart
httpd: Syntax error on line 55 of /usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf: Cannot load /usr/local/apache2/modules/libphp5.so into server: /usr/local/apache2/modules/libphp5.so: cannot restore segment prot after reloc: Permission denied

     解决:

[[email protected] php-5.4.11]# setenforce 0

    OK

   

    四.测试是否安装好

   1.防火墙问题

    因为Linux的Firewall,所以Apache服务不能用,首先开启80端口给TCP协议:

/sbin/iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT

   执行完,再:

[[email protected] php-5.4.11]# /etc/rc.d/init.d/iptables save
Saving firewall rules to /etc/sysconfig/iptables:          [  OK  ]

   重启读取防火墙IP表:

[[email protected] php-5.4.11]# /etc/init.d/iptables restart
Flushing firewall rules:                                   [  OK  ]
Setting chains to policy ACCEPT: filter                    [  OK  ]
Unloading iptables modules:                                [  OK  ]
Applying iptables firewall rules:                          [  OK  ]
Loading additional iptables modules: ip_conntrack_netbios_n[  OK  ]

    2.

     在 /usr/local/apache2/htdocs 下新建一个info.php文件,内容:

     <?php

        phpinfo();

      ?>

      保存,打开浏览器,输入(作者的Linux机器地址为“http://192.168.0.5/”):

     http://192.168.0.5/phpinfo.php,熟悉的phpinfo页面~

    

  (很久之前写的文章,有一些尾巴没修改,PS:现在大部分都是LNMP了)

 

以上是关于CentOS 5.9裸机编译安装搭建LAMP的主要内容,如果未能解决你的问题,请参考以下文章

CentOS 6 LAMP搭建,编译安装

centos7.3编译安装LAMP环境并搭建WordPress博客

Centos7.4源码搭建LAMP环境

lamp :在Linux 下搭建apacheMysqlphp

centos7.3 编译安装lamp,利用wordpress实现个人博客搭建

第17章 LAMP环境搭建