C#使用SOAP调用Web Service

Posted 2020-06-18 Mr. Li

程序代码

using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Net;
using System.Text;

namespace ConsoleApplication1
{

    class Program
    {

        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            //构造soap请求信息
            StringBuilder soap = new StringBuilder();
            soap.Append("<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\"?>");
            soap.Append("<soap:Envelope xmlns:soap=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/\" xmlns:xsd=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema\" xmlns:xsi=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance\">");
            soap.Append("<soap:Body>");
            soap.Append("<getWeather xmlns=\"http://WebXml.com.cn/\">");
            soap.Append("<theCityCode>2210</theCityCode>");
            soap.Append("<theUserID></theUserID>");
            soap.Append("</getWeather>");
            soap.Append("</soap:Body>");
            soap.Append("</soap:Envelope>");

            //发起请求
            Uri uri = new Uri("http://www.webxml.com.cn/WebServices/WeatherWS.asmx");
            WebRequest webRequest = WebRequest.Create(uri);
            webRequest.ContentType = "text/xml; charset=utf-8";
            webRequest.Method = "POST";
            using (Stream requestStream = webRequest.GetRequestStream())
            {
                byte[] paramBytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(soap.ToString());
                requestStream.Write(paramBytes, 0, paramBytes.Length);
            }

            //响应
            WebResponse webResponse = webRequest.GetResponse();
            using (StreamReader myStreamReader = new StreamReader(webResponse.GetResponseStream(), Encoding.UTF8))
            {
                Console.WriteLine(myStreamReader.ReadToEnd());
            }

            Console.ReadKey();
        }
    }

}

返回结果：

引用内容

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><soap:Envelope xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"><soap:Body><getWeatherResponse xmlns="http://WebXml.com.cn/"><getWeatherResult><string>福建 福州</string><string>福州</string><string>2210</string><string>2010/01/21 15:42:15</string><string>今日天气实况：气温：12.5℃；风向/风力：东南风 4级；湿度：94%；气压：1011.9hPa</string><string>空气质量：良；紫外线强度：暂无</string><string>穿衣指数：建议着薄型套装或牛仔衫裤等春秋过渡装。年老体弱者宜着套装、夹克衫等。
感冒指数：将有一次强降温过程，且空气湿度较大，极易发生感冒，请特别注意增加衣服保暖防寒。
晨练指数：有阵雨，较不宜晨练，若坚持室外锻炼，请携带雨具。建议年老体弱人群适当减少晨练时间。
洗车指数：不宜洗车，未来24小时内有雨，如果在此期间洗车，雨水和路上的泥水可能会再次弄脏您的爱车。
晾晒指数：偶尔的降雨可能会淋湿晾晒的衣物，不太适宜晾晒。请随时注意天气变化。
旅游指数：有阵雨，温度适宜，在细雨中游玩别有一番情调，可不要错过机会呦！但记得出门要携带雨具。
路况指数：有小雨，路面潮湿，车辆易打滑，请小心驾驶。
舒适度指数：白天不太热也不太冷，风力不大，相信您在这样的天气条件下，应会感到比较清爽和舒适。</string><string>1月21日 阵雨转小雨</string><string>12℃/19℃</string><string>无持续风向微风</string><string>3.gif</string><string>7.gif</string><string>1月22日 小雨</string><string>9℃/14℃</string><string>无持续风向微风</string><string>7.gif</string><string>7.gif</string><string>1月23日 小雨</string><string>8℃/12℃</string><string>无持续风向微风</string><string>7.gif</string><string>7.gif</string><string>1月24日 阴</string><string>12℃/17℃</string><string>无持续风向微风</string><string>2.gif</string><string>2.gif</string><string>1月25日 多云</string><string>13℃/18℃</string><string>无持续风向微风</string><string>1.gif</string><string>1.gif</string></getWeatherResult></getWeatherResponse></soap:Body></soap:Envelope>

ASP版

复制内容到剪贴板程序代码

<%
Dim xmlHttp,soap

soap = soap & "<?xml version=""1.0"" encoding=""utf-8""?>"
soap = soap & "<soap:Envelope xmlns:soap=""http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"" xmlns:xsd=""http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"" xmlns:xsi=""http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"">"
soap = soap & "<soap:Body>"
soap = soap & "<getWeather xmlns=""http://WebXml.com.cn/"">"
soap = soap & "<theCityCode>2210</theCityCode>"
soap = soap & "<theUserID></theUserID>"
soap = soap & "</getWeather>"
soap = soap & "</soap:Body>"
soap = soap & "</soap:Envelope>"

Set xmlHttp = CreateObject("MSXML2.XMLHTTP")
xmlHttp.Open "post","http://www.webxml.com.cn/WebServices/WeatherWS.asmx",false
xmlHttp.SetRequestHeader "Content-Type","text/xml; charset=utf-8"
‘曾见过Java的ws要求一定要有SOAPAction，否则报错no SOAPAction header!
xmlHttp.SetRequestHeader "SOAPAction","http://WebXml.com.cn/getWeather"
xmlHttp.Send(soap)
If xmlHttp.Status = 200 Then
    Response.Write(xmlHttp.responseXML.xml)
End If
Set xmlHttp = Nothing
%>

带SoapHeader的Web Service调用

复制内容到剪贴板程序代码

using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Net;
using System.Text;

namespace ConsoleApplication1
{

    class Program
    {

        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            //构造soap请求信息
            StringBuilder soap = new StringBuilder();
            soap.Append("<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\"?>");
            soap.Append("<soap:Envelope xmlns:soap=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/\" xmlns:xsd=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema\" xmlns:xsi=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance\">");
            soap.Append("<soap:Header>");
            soap.Append("<MySoapHeader xmlns=\"http://www.mzwu.com/\" soap:mustUnderstand=\"1\">");//mustUnderstand=1,接收者必须能处理此SoapHeader信息,否则返回错误
            soap.Append("<UserName>admin</UserName>");
            soap.Append("<UserPass>admin888</UserPass>");
            soap.Append("</MySoapHeader>");
            soap.Append("</soap:Header>");
            soap.Append("<soap:Body>");
            soap.Append("<Hello xmlns=\"http://www.mzwu.com/\">");
            soap.Append("<name>dnawo</name>");
            soap.Append("</Hello>");
            soap.Append("</soap:Body>");
            soap.Append("</soap:Envelope>");

            //发起请求
            Uri uri = new Uri("http://localhost:39674/Service1.asmx");
            WebRequest webRequest = WebRequest.Create(uri);
            webRequest.ContentType = "text/xml; charset=utf-8";
            webRequest.Method = "POST";
            using (Stream requestStream = webRequest.GetRequestStream())
            {
                byte[] paramBytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(soap.ToString());
                requestStream.Write(paramBytes, 0, paramBytes.Length);
            }

            //响应
            WebResponse webResponse = webRequest.GetResponse();
            using (StreamReader myStreamReader = new StreamReader(webResponse.GetResponseStream(), Encoding.UTF8))
            {
                Console.WriteLine(myStreamReader.ReadToEnd());
            }

            Console.ReadKey();
        }
    }

}

小技巧

在浏览器中查看Web Service时，有详细的SOAP请求和响应示例：


参考资料

·SOAP教程：http://www.w3school.com.cn/soap/index.asp
·简单对象访问协议：http://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-cn/SOAP
·SOAP调用Web Service：http://book.51cto.com/art/200906/129733.htm
·关于朗新WEBSERVER接口问题：http://fpcfjf.blog.163.com/blog/static/5546979320081069223827/