time&datetime&random模块

Posted 2020-09-10 WhatTTEver

import time
1、print(time.clock()) #返回处理器时间,3.3开始已废弃 , 改成了time.process_time()测量处理器运算时间,不包括sleep时间,不稳定,mac上测不出来
2、print(time.altzone)  #返回与utc时间的时间差,以秒计算3、print(time.asctime()) #返回时间格式"Thu Apr 13 21:46:21 2017",
4、print(time.localtime()) #返回本地时间 的struct time对象格式
5、print(time.gmtime(time.time()-800000)) #返回utc时间的struc时间对象格式
6、print(time.asctime(time.localtime())) #返回时间格式"Thu Apr 13 21:46:21 2017",
7、print(time.ctime()) #返回Thu Apr 13 21:46:21 2017 格式, 同上
8、日期字符串 转成  时间戳
9、string_2_struct = time.strptime("2017/04/13","%Y/%m/%d") #将 日期字符串 转成 struct时间对象格式
10、print(string_2_struct)
11、struct_2_stamp = time.mktime(string_2_struct) #将struct时间对象转成时间戳
12、print(struct_2_stamp)

#将时间戳转为字符串格式
13、print(time.gmtime(time.time()-86640)) #将utc时间戳转换成struct_time格式
14、print(time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S",time.gmtime()) ) #将utc struct_time格式转成指定的字符串格式

#时间加减
import datetime
1、print(datetime.datetime.now()) #返回 2017-08-19 12:47:03.941925
2、print(datetime.date.fromtimestamp(time.time()) )  # 时间戳直接转成日期格式 2016-08-19
3、print(datetime.datetime.now() )
4、print(datetime.datetime.now() + datetime.timedelta(3)) #当前时间+3天
5、print(datetime.datetime.now() + datetime.timedelta(-3)) #当前时间-3天
6、print(datetime.datetime.now() + datetime.timedelta(hours=3)) #当前时间+3小时
7、print(datetime.datetime.now() + datetime.timedelta(minutes=30)) #当前时间+30分

8、c_time  = datetime.datetime.now()
9、print(c_time.replace(minute=3,hour=2)) #时间替换

Directive	Meaning	Notes
%a	Locale’s abbreviated weekday name.
%A	Locale’s full weekday name.
%b	Locale’s abbreviated month name.
%B	Locale’s full month name.
%c	Locale’s appropriate date and time representation.
%d	Day of the month as a decimal number [01,31].
%H	Hour (24-hour clock) as a decimal number [00,23].
%I	Hour (12-hour clock) as a decimal number [01,12].
%j	Day of the year as a decimal number [001,366].
%m	Month as a decimal number [01,12].
%M	Minute as a decimal number [00,59].
%p	Locale’s equivalent of either AM or PM.	(1)
%S	Second as a decimal number [00,61].	(2)
%U	Week number of the year (Sunday as the first day of the week) as a decimal number [00,53]. All days in a new year preceding the first Sunday are considered to be in week 0.	(3)
%w	Weekday as a decimal number [0(Sunday),6].
%W	Week number of the year (Monday as the first day of the week) as a decimal number [00,53]. All days in a new year preceding the first Monday are considered to be in week 0.	(3)
%x	Locale’s appropriate date representation.
%X	Locale’s appropriate time representation.
%y	Year without century as a decimal number [00,99].
%Y	Year with century as a decimal number.
%z	Time zone offset indicating a positive or negative time difference from UTC/GMT of the form +HHMM or -HHMM, where H represents decimal hour digits and M represents decimal minute digits [-23:59, +23:59].
%Z	Time zone name (no characters if no time zone exists).
%%	A literal ‘%‘ character.

####random模块


import random

print random.random()#产生随机数

print random.randint(1,10)#1-10之间的随机整数

print random.randrange(1,10)#1-10之间不包括（1和10）的随机整数

 

写个随机生成验证码的函数玩玩

##随机生成验证码
def get_code():
    checkcode = ‘‘#初始化验证码
    strings=[]   #验证码生成来源
    for i in range(1,5): #生成四个验证码
        current = random.randrange(0,5)
        if current != i:
            chr1 = chr(random.randint(65,90)) #将数字转换成大写字母
            chr2= chr(random.randint(97,122)) #将数字转换成小写字母
            strings.append(chr1)
            strings.append(chr2)
        else:
            digit = random.randint(0,9)
            strings.append(str(digit))
        checkcode += random.choice(strings)+" "
    print(checkcode)
if __name__=="__main__":
    get_code()