cassandra高级操作之JMX操作
Posted 青石路
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前言
路漫漫其修远兮,吾将上下而求索!
github:https://github.com/youzhibing
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需求场景
项目中有这么个需求:统计集群中各个节点的数据量存储大小,不是记录数。
一开始有点无头绪,后面查看cassandra官方文档看到Monitoring章节,里面说到:Cassandra中的指标使用Dropwizard Metrics库进行管理。 这些指标可以通过JMX查询,也可以使用多个内置和第三方报告插件推送到外部监控系统(Jconsole)。那么数据量存储大小是不是也是cassandra的某项指标了? 带着疑问,我通过Jconsole看到了cassandra的一些指标(先启动cassandra, 运行 -> Jconsole),如下图
数据量存储大小就在叫org.apache.cassandra.db的MBean中,具体会在之后介绍。
JMX定义
引用JMX超详细解读中一段话:
JMX(Java Management Extensions)是一个为应用程序植入管理功能的框架。JMX是一套标准的代理和服务,实际上,用户可以在任何Java应用程序中使用这些代理和服务实现管理。这是官方文档上的定义,我看过很多次也无法很好的理解。
我个人的理解是JMX让程序有被管理的功能,例如你开发一个WEB网站,它是在24小时不间断运行,那么你肯定会对网站进行监控,如每天的UV、PV是多少;又或者在业务高峰的期间,你想对接口进行限流,就必须去修改接口并发的配置值。
应用场景:中间件软件WebLogic的管理页面就是基于JMX开发的,而JBoss则整个系统都基于JMX构架,另外包括cassandra中各项指标的管理。
对于一些参数的修改,网上有一段描述还是比较形象的:
1、程序初哥一般是写死在程序中,到要改变的时候就去修改代码,然后重新编译发布。
2、程序熟手则配置在文件中(JAVA一般都是properties文件),到要改变的时候只要修改配置文件,但还是必须重启系统,以便读取配置文件里最新的值。
3、程序好手则会写一段代码,把配置值缓存起来,系统在获取的时候,先看看配置文件有没有改动,如有改动则重新从配置里读取,否则从缓存里读取。
4、程序高手则懂得物为我所用,用JMX把需要配置的属性集中在一个类中,然后写一个MBean,再进行相关配置。另外JMX还提供了一个工具页,以方便我们对参数值进行修改。
给我的感觉,jmx server进行监听,jmx client进行请求的发送,以此达到通信的目的;cassandra的jmx server已经被cassandra实现,我们只需要实现jmx client,就能从cassandra进程中拿到我们需要的指标数据。
JMX Server
MBean接口定义
接口的命名规范为以具体的实现类为前缀(这个规范很重要),动态代理的过程中需要用到这点。
public interface HelloMBean { String getName(); void setName(String name); void print(); }
MBean接口实现
实现上面的接口:
public class Hello implements HelloMBean { private String name; @Override public String getName() { return this.name; } @Override public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } @Override public void print() { System.out.println("hello, print"); } }
jmx server实现
定义一个jmx server,并启动它
public class HelloService { private static final int RMI_PORT = 8099; private static final String JMX_SERVER_NAME = "TestJMXServer"; private static final String USER_NAME = "hello"; private static final String PASS_WORD = "world"; public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { HelloService service = new HelloService(); service.startJmxServer(); } private void startJmxServer() throws Exception { //MBeanServer mbs = MBeanServerFactory.createMBeanServer(jmxServerName); MBeanServer mbs = this.getMBeanServer(); // 在本地主机上创建并输出一个注册实例,来接收特定端口的请求 LocateRegistry.createRegistry(RMI_PORT, null, RMISocketFactory.getDefaultSocketFactory()); JMXServiceURL url = new JMXServiceURL("service:jmx:rmi:///jndi/rmi://localhost:" + RMI_PORT + "/" + JMX_SERVER_NAME); System.out.println("JMXServiceURL: " + url.toString()); Map<String, Object> env = this.putAuthenticator(); //JMXConnectorServer jmxConnServer = JMXConnectorServerFactory.newJMXConnectorServer(url, null, mbs); // 不加认证 JMXConnectorServer jmxConnServer = JMXConnectorServerFactory.newJMXConnectorServer(url, env, mbs); // 加认证 jmxConnServer.start(); } private MBeanServer getMBeanServer() throws Exception { MBeanServer mbs = ManagementFactory.getPlatformMBeanServer(); ObjectName objName = new ObjectName(JMX_SERVER_NAME + ":name=" + "hello"); mbs.registerMBean(new Hello(), objName); return mbs; } private Map<String, Object> putAuthenticator() { Map<String,Object> env = new HashMap<String,Object>(); JMXAuthenticator auth = createJMXAuthenticator(); env.put(JMXConnectorServer.AUTHENTICATOR, auth); env.put("com.sun.jndi.rmi.factory.socket", RMISocketFactory.getDefaultSocketFactory()); return env; } private JMXAuthenticator createJMXAuthenticator() { return new JMXAuthenticator() { public Subject authenticate(Object credentials) { String[] sCredentials = (String[]) credentials; if (null == sCredentials || sCredentials.length != 2) { throw new SecurityException("Authentication failed!"); } String userName = sCredentials[0]; String password = sCredentials[1]; if (USER_NAME.equals(userName) && PASS_WORD.equals(password)) { Set<JMXPrincipal> principals = new HashSet<JMXPrincipal>(); principals.add(new JMXPrincipal(userName)); return new Subject(true, principals, Collections.EMPTY_SET, Collections.EMPTY_SET); } throw new SecurityException("Authentication failed!"); } }; } }
点下print按钮,你会发现控制台会打印:hello, print
cassandra的jmx server已经自己实现了,我们不需要实现它,我们需要实现的是调用它。
JMX client
这个是我们需要关注和实现的
client端接口定义
接口中定义的方法是我们需要调用的,方法名必须与server端暴露的方法一样,通过server端动态生成client端的实例,实例中的方法只包括client端接口中定义的方法(若server端暴露的是属性,那么直接在属性前加get,后面cassandra部分会讲到)
public interface HelloClientMBean { void print(); // 方法定义与server端暴露的方法一致 }
连接jmx server
public class HelloClient implements AutoCloseable { private static final String fmtUrl = "service:jmx:rmi:///jndi/rmi://[%s]:%d/TestJMXServer"; private static final String ssObjName = "TestJMXServer:name=hello"; private static final int defaultPort = 1099; // cassandra默认端口是7199 final String host; final int port; private String username; private String password; private JMXConnector jmxc; private MBeanServerConnection mbeanServerConn; private HelloMBean hmProxy; /** * Creates a connection using the specified JMX host, port, username, and password. * * @param host hostname or IP address of the JMX agent * @param port TCP port of the remote JMX agent * @throws IOException on connection failures */ public HelloClient(String host, int port, String username, String password) throws IOException { assert username != null && !username.isEmpty() && password != null && !password.isEmpty() : "neither username nor password can be blank"; this.host = host; this.port = port; this.username = username; this.password = password; connect(); } /** * Creates a connection using the specified JMX host and port. * * @param host hostname or IP address of the JMX agent * @param port TCP port of the remote JMX agent * @throws IOException on connection failures */ public HelloClient(String host, int port) throws IOException { this.host = host; this.port = port; connect(); } /** * Creates a connection using the specified JMX host and default port. * * @param host hostname or IP address of the JMX agent * @throws IOException on connection failures */ public HelloClient(String host) throws IOException { this.host = host; this.port = defaultPort; connect(); } /** * Create a connection to the JMX agent and setup the M[X]Bean proxies. * * @throws IOException on connection failures */ private void connect() throws IOException { JMXServiceURL jmxUrl = new JMXServiceURL(String.format(fmtUrl, host, port)); Map<String,Object> env = new HashMap<String,Object>(); if (username != null) { String[] creds = { username, password }; env.put(JMXConnector.CREDENTIALS, creds); } env.put("com.sun.jndi.rmi.factory.socket", getRMIClientSocketFactory()); jmxc = JMXConnectorFactory.connect(jmxUrl, env); mbeanServerConn = jmxc.getMBeanServerConnection(); try { ObjectName name = new ObjectName(ssObjName); hmProxy = JMX.newMBeanProxy(mbeanServerConn, name, HelloMBean.class); } catch (MalformedObjectNameException e) { throw new RuntimeException( "Invalid ObjectName? Please report this as a bug.", e); } } private RMIClientSocketFactory getRMIClientSocketFactory() throws IOException { if (Boolean.parseBoolean(System.getProperty("ssl.enable"))) return new SslRMIClientSocketFactory(); else return RMISocketFactory.getDefaultSocketFactory(); } public void print() { hmProxy.print(); } @Override public void close() throws Exception { jmxc.close(); } }
接口调用
public class JmxClient { public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { HelloClient client = new HelloClient("localhost", 8099, "hello", "world"); client.print(); client.close(); } }
会在控制台打印:hello, print。
统计cassandra集群中各个节点的数据量存储大小
回到我们的项目需求,如何实现呢? 也分3步
client端接口定义
因为我们只关心数据量存储大小,所以我们只需要在接口定义一个方法
public interface StorageServiceMBean { /** Human-readable load value. Keys are IP addresses. */ public Map<String, String> getLoadMap(); // cassandra端暴露的是属性LoadMap,那么此方法名由get加LoadMap组成, 那么getLoad方法就可以获取LoadMap的值
}
连接jmx server
cassandra-env.sh配置文件中有cassandra的JMX默认端口:JMX_PORT="7199"
public class CassNodeProbe implements AutoCloseable { private static final String fmtUrl = "service:jmx:rmi:///jndi/rmi://[%s]:%d/jmxrmi"; private static final String ssObjName = "org.apache.cassandra.db:type=StorageService"; private static final int defaultPort = 7199; final String host; final int port; private String username; private String password; private JMXConnector jmxc; private MBeanServerConnection mbeanServerConn; private StorageServiceMBean ssProxy; /** * Creates a NodeProbe using the specified JMX host, port, username, and password. * * @param host hostname or IP address of the JMX agent * @param port TCP port of the remote JMX agent * @throws IOException on connection failures */ public CassNodeProbe(String host, int port, String username, String password) throws IOException { assert username != null && !username.isEmpty() && password != null && !password.isEmpty() : "neither username nor password can be blank"; this.host = host; this.port = port; this.username = username; this.password = password; connect(); } /** * Creates a NodeProbe using the specified JMX host and port. * * @param host hostname or IP address of the JMX agent * @param port TCP port of the remote JMX agent * @throws IOException on connection failures */ public CassNodeProbe(String host, int port) throws IOException { this.host = host; this.port = port; connect(); } /** * Creates a NodeProbe using the specified JMX host and default port. * * @param host hostname or IP address of the JMX agent * @throws IOException on connection failures */ public CassNodeProbe(String host) throws IOException { this.host = host; this.port = defaultPort; connect(); } /** * Create a connection to the JMX agent and setup the M[X]Bean proxies. * * @throws IOException on connection failures */ private void connect() throws IOException { JMXServiceURL jmxUrl = new JMXServiceURL(String.format(fmtUrl, host, port)); Map<String,Object> env = new HashMap<String,Object>(); if (username != null) { String[] creds = { username, password }; env.put(JMXConnector.CREDENTIALS, creds); } env.put("com.sun.jndi.rmi.factory.socket", getRMIClientSocketFactory()); jmxc = JMXConnectorFactory.connect(jmxUrl, env); mbeanServerConn = jmxc.getMBeanServerConnection(); try { ObjectName name = new ObjectName(ssObjName); ssProxy = JMX.newMBeanProxy(mbeanServerConn, name, StorageServiceMBean.class); } catch (MalformedObjectNameException e) { throw new RuntimeException( "Invalid ObjectName? Please report this as a bug.", e); } } private RMIClientSocketFactory getRMIClientSocketFactory() throws IOException { if (Boolean.parseBoolean(System.getProperty("ssl.enable"))) return new SslRMIClientSocketFactory(); else return RMISocketFactory.getDefaultSocketFactory(); } public Map<String, String> getCassClusterStorage() { return ssProxy.getLoadMap(); } @Override public void close() throws Exception { jmxc.close(); } }
接口调用
public class JMXTest { public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { CassNodeProbe prode = new CassNodeProbe("127.0.0.1"); Map<String, String> nodeStorages = prode.getCassClusterStorage(); System.out.println(nodeStorages); prode.close(); } }
最后得到结果:{127.0.0.1=266.36 KB}
cassandra的jmx 认证访问我就不做演示了,大家自己去实现。
cassandra-all
cassandra给我们提供了工具jar,也就是cassandra jmx client实现,jmx server暴露的在这个工具jar中都有对应的请求方式;
如若大家用到的很少则可以自己实现,而不需要用cassandra-all,当然我们可以拷贝cassandra-all中我们需要的代码到我们的工程中,那么我们就可以不用引用此jar,但是又满足了我们的需求
<dependency> <groupId>org.apache.cassandra</groupId> <artifactId>cassandra-all</artifactId> <version>2.1.14</version> </dependency>
参考
http://www.cnblogs.com/FlyAway2013/p/jmx.html
http://www.cnblogs.com/dongguacai/p/5900507.html
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