MANEN坐标与依赖
Posted
tags:
篇首语：本文由小常识网(cha138.com)小编为大家整理，主要介绍了MANEN坐标与依赖相关的知识，希望对你有一定的参考价值。
前言：网上有很多这个例子，讲的也很透彻，但看不如实际敲一遍，加深理解，这里根据步骤一步步进行，只是学习的小过程而已。
Coordinate 任何一个构件都可以使用maven坐标唯一标识。
几个关健要素：
groupId artifactId version packaging classifier maven中央库：http://repo.maven.org/maven2
groupId:项目 通常用域名的反向来表示如：com.help18.hello artifactId:Mavne项目模块 hello-mvn01 version:版本 packaging: jar或war 即打包方式 classifier:定义构建输出一些附属构件
一、Account-Email项目结构
二、创建POM文件，具体POM文件内容：
这里面涉及spring的依赖，junit的坐标,icegreen的包依赖;邮件的发送我们利用javax.mail来实现,详细pom内容如下:
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.help18.mvn.account</groupId>
<artifactId>account-email</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<name>account-email</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>4.2.4.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
<version>4.2.4.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>4.2.4.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
<version>4.2.4.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.mail</groupId>
<artifactId>mail</artifactId>
<version>1.5.0-b01</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.10</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.icegreen</groupId>
<artifactId>greenmail</artifactId>
<version>1.3.1b</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
注：
由于在项目打包编译时会报如下错误，所以在pom文件中加入，这样会避免出错。
运行Maven是报错：No goals have been specified for this build
<build>
<defaultGoal>compile</defaultGoal>
</build>
三、编写程序代码
1.在src/main/java中创建AccountEmailService接口
package com.help18.account.email;
public interface AccountEmailService {
public void sendMail(String to,String subject,String htmlText) throws AccountEmailException;
}
2.创建异常处理类AccountEmailException ,此类继承了Exception类
package com.help18.account.email;
public class AccountEmailException extends Exception {
private static final long serialVersionUID = -2541187591129155636L;
public AccountEmailException(String message){
super(message);
}
public AccountEmailException(String message,Throwable throwable){
super(message,throwable);
}
}
3.创建接口实现类AccountEmailServiceImpl
这里引入了javamail，我们是依赖于此进行邮件发送的
package com.help18.account.email;
import javax.mail.MessagingException;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSender;
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.MimeMessageHelper;
public class AccountEmailServiceImpl implements AccountEmailService {
private JavaMailSender javaMailSender;
private String systemEmail;
public void sendMail(String to, String subject, String htmlText) throws AccountEmailException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
try{
MimeMessage msg = javaMailSender.createMimeMessage();
MimeMessageHelper msgHelper = new MimeMessageHelper(msg);
msgHelper.setFrom(systemEmail);
msgHelper.setTo(to);
msgHelper.setSubject(subject);
msgHelper.setText(htmlText,true);
/*发送邮件*/
javaMailSender.send(msg);
} catch(MessagingException e){
throw new AccountEmailException("Faild to send mail.",e);
}
}
public JavaMailSender getJavaMailSender() {
return javaMailSender;
}
public void setJavaMailSender(JavaMailSender javaMailSender) {
this.javaMailSender = javaMailSender;
}
public String getSystemEmail() {
return systemEmail;
}
public void setSystemEmail(String systemEmail) {
this.systemEmail = systemEmail;
}
}
四、创建spring的配置文件Account-Email.xml
文件位置:src/main/resources下
这里面定义了几个Bean,如下内容：
1.propertyConfigurer : 用于读取properties属性文件,它读取service.properties的文件
2.javaMailServer:配置邮件服务器的相关信息，地址、端口、用户名、密码等
3.accountEmailSeervice:是我们第三步中创建的接口实现类
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<bean id="propertyConfigurer"
class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
<property name="location" value="classpath:service.properties"></property>
</bean>
<bean id="javaMailServer" class="org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSenderImpl">
<property name="protocol" value="${email.protocol}"/>
<property name="host" value="${email.host}"/>
<property name="port" value="${email.port}"/>
<property name="username" value="${email.username}"/>
<property name="password" value="${email.password}"/>
<property name="javaMailProperties">
<props>
<prop key="mail.${email.protocol}.auth">${email.auth}</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
<bean id="accountEmailService"
class="com.help18.account.email.AccountEmailServiceImpl">
<property name="javaMailSender" ref="javaMailServer"></property>
<property name="systemEmail" value="${email.systemEmail}"/>
</bean>
</beans>
五、创建properties属性文件
email.protocol=smtp email.host=smtp.163.com email.port=25 [email protected] email.password=password email.auth=true email.systemEmail=email
六、创建单元测试类
package com.help18.account.email;
import static junit.framework.Assert.assertEquals;
import javax.mail.Message;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import com.icegreen.greenmail.util.GreenMail;
import com.icegreen.greenmail.util.GreenMailUtil;
import com.icegreen.greenmail.util.ServerSetup;
public class AccountEmailServiceTest {
private GreenMail greenMail;
@Before
public void startMailServer() throws Exception {
greenMail = new GreenMail(ServerSetup.SMTP);
greenMail.setUser("[email protected]", "xxxxx");
greenMail.start();
}
@Test
public void testSendMail() throws Exception{
@SuppressWarnings("resource")
ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("account-email.xml");
AccountEmailService accountEmailService = (AccountEmailService)ctx.getBean("accountEmailService");
String subject = "Test Subject 20170401";
String htmlText = "<H3>Test mail.163.com </H3>";
System.out.println("test-------");
accountEmailService.sendMail("[email protected]", subject, htmlText);
System.out.println("------test send mail finished-------");
greenMail.waitForIncomingEmail(2000,1);
Message[] msgs = greenMail.getReceivedMessages();
System.out.println("msgs.lengh="+msgs.length);
assertEquals(1,msgs.length);
assertEquals(subject,msgs[0].getSubject());
assertEquals(htmlText,GreenMailUtil.getBody(msgs[0]).trim());
}
@After
public void stopMailServer() throws Exception{
greenMail.stop();
}
}
二、MAVEN依赖的经验
1.排除依赖
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groudId></groupId>
<artifactId></artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
2.归类依赖
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<springframework.version>4.2.4.RELEASE</springframework.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${springframework.version}</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
总结：
maven坐标与依赖是maven中一个比较重要的知识点，它标识了你的jar包或war包的位置，以及依赖的各个包，由于依赖的关系，无需手动添加这个项目中所用到的资源，配置好pom文件后会自动从私服或中央仓库下载包到本地，这样会省去很多的麻烦，这也是maven构建项目最大的优点。
创建一个maven项目，主要按照maven要求的目录结构进行创建，最重要的是pom.xml文件的构建。
上面的例子是基于spring框架实现的，之前没有用maven构建项目时，需要一个个找jar包下载，再编辑项目把包添进来，太麻烦了，现在非常简单，执行了mvn compile可以自动下载依赖的包。
以上是关于MANEN坐标与依赖的主要内容，如果未能解决你的问题，请参考以下文章