springmvc的一个小例子学习

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       个人觉得,学框架最好的 方法无外乎两个：一个是实践这个框架，真实的去用它，比如spring框架，先搭一个简单的spring项目，然后一步一步得去丰富它，从中学到spring框架的精髓和知识；另外一个就是看源码了，这个被无数大神推荐过，不过他需要一定的能力（至少你要有一定的设计模式的知识积累和足够牛的java coding能力）。

       今天就简单实现一下springmvc：

       首先，创建一个maven-archetype-webapp项目,路径图如下：

                                                    技术分享

首先是pom文件，导入需要的jar包：

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>com.xuejupo</groupId>
    <packaging>war</packaging>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>test Maven Webapp</name>
    <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <spring.version>3.2.4.RELEASE</spring.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <!-- junit -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12-beta-3</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!-- log4j -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.17</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>jstl</groupId>
            <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
            <version>1.2</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- spring 的基本依赖 开始 -->

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- spring 的基本依赖 结束 -->
    </dependencies>
    <build>
        <finalName>test</finalName>
    </build>
    <artifactId>test</artifactId>
</project>

然后是web.xml文件：

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>com.xuejupo</groupId>
    <packaging>war</packaging>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>test Maven Webapp</name>
    <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <spring.version>3.2.4.RELEASE</spring.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <!-- junit -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12-beta-3</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!-- log4j -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.17</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>jstl</groupId>
            <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
            <version>1.2</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- spring 的基本依赖 开始 -->

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- spring 的基本依赖 结束 -->
    </dependencies>
    <build>
        <finalName>test</finalName>
    </build>
    <artifactId>test</artifactId>
</project>

dispatcher_cainiao.xml：（这就是mvc中的c，控制层）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"   
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"   
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"  
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"   
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"   
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop   
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd   
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans   
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd   
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context   
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd   
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc   
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd   
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx   
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd">  
  
    <mvc:annotation-driven />  
    <!-- <mvc:default-servlet-handler/> -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="controller" />  
      
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">  
        <property name="prefix" value="/views/" />  
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" /> 
        <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" /> 
    </bean>  
</beans>

user类：（mvc中的m，模型层）

package com.test.beans;

/**  
 *  User : 用户bean
 * @author xuejupo  [email protected] 
 * 
 * create in 2016-3-1 下午4:23:16    
 */

public class User {
    public final String getUserId() {
        return userId;
    }
    public final void setUserId(String userId) {
        this.userId = userId;
    }
    public final String getUserName() {
        return userName;
    }
    public final void setUserName(String userName) {
        this.userName = userName;
    }
    public final String getPasswd() {
        return passwd;
    }
    public final void setPasswd(String passwd) {
        this.passwd = passwd;
    }
    public final String getInfo() {
        return info;
    }
    public final void setInfo(String info) {
        this.info = info;
    }
    private String userId;
    
    private String userName;
    
    private String passwd;
    
    private String info;
    
    @Override
    public String toString(){
        return "用户名：\\r\\n"+this.userName + "用户密码：\\r\\n"+this.passwd + "用户的信息：\\r\\n"+ this.info;
    }
}

控制器DispatcherController（和dispatcher_cainiao.xml文件一起组成控制层，控制着传入的url应该使用哪部分代码逻辑和使用哪个model层）：

package controller;


import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.ui.ModelMap;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;

import com.test.beans.User;


/**  
* DispatcherController:
* @author xuejupo  [email protected] 
* 
* create in 2016-3-1 下午3:35:13  
*    
*/
@Controller
@RequestMapping("demo")
public class DispatcherController {
    @RequestMapping(method=RequestMethod.GET)    
    public String printWelcome(ModelMap model) {  
        User user = new User();
        user.setInfo("哈哈，我是唯一的用户！");
        user.setUserName("我是老大!");
        user.setPasswd("不告诉你！");
        model.addAttribute("str0121", "我去，成功了呀！！！"); 
        model.addAttribute("info","当前用户信息为：");
        model.addAttribute("user", user);
        System.out.println("index.jsp");
        return "index";
    }  
}

index.jsp（mvc中的v层，展示层，负责向前端展示结果，直接和用户打交道的层）

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>    
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"%>    
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">    
<html>    
    <head>    
        <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">    
        <title>Insert title here</title>    
    </head>    
        
    <body>    
        <c:out value="${str0121}"></c:out>
        <p>
        <c:out value="${info}"></c:out>
        <p>
        <c:out value="${user}"></c:out>
    </body>    
</html>

然后url中输入：http://localhost:8080/test/demo

结果：

          技术分享

 

PS:搭建过程中出了两个bug。

1.  因为我用的是jboss，在发布的时候出了这个错：

java.lang.IllegalStateException: Could not detect JBoss VFS infrastructure

网上查询是spring4去掉了对jboss的VFS支持。。。。   所以我的pom里面用的都是spring3.

2.No mapping found for HTTP request with URI

在pom里加入这个依赖：

<dependency>

                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>

                <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>

                <version>${spring.version}</version>

            </dependency>

就解决了。。    原因暂时不明，网上查询spring-tx提供事务管理功能，提供对JAO和DAO功能的支持。但是具体为啥还未知，欢迎大神留言告知。。。

今天暂只更新这些，下次再具体分析各个配置文件的作用和访问的具体流程。

 PS:欢迎转载，转载请标明出处：http://www.cnblogs.com/xuejupo/p/5236448.html

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