suse11 SP3上源码安装R过程

Posted 2020-09-03

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sles 11 sp3上源码编译安装R-3.2.2

suse上安装R，过程艰难，文章里的源码包版本都是自己安装时候所用的版本，不一定必须是该版本。

整体依赖关系：

cairo依赖于X11 , pango依赖于cairo

安装顺序X11 -> cairo -> pango

1.安装编译器

先看看R网站的一些说明：

B.6 Using FORTRAN：

.................

To compile R, you need a FORTRAN compiler.

The default is to search for f95, fort, xlf95, ifort,ifc, efc, pgf95 lf95, gfortran, ftn, g95, f90,

xlf90, pghpf, pgf90, epcf90, g77, f77, xlf, frt,pgf77, cf77, fort77, fl32, af77 (in that order)56,

and use whichever is found first; if none is found, Rcannot be compiled. However,

if CC is gcc, the matching FORTRAN compiler (g77 forgcc 3 and gfortran for gcc 4) is used if available

suse默认是没有gfortran编辑器,所以需要先安装它

xz -d gcc-trunk.tar.xz

tar -xvf gcc-trunk.tar -C /opt

vi /etc/profile

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/opt/gcc-trunk/lib64:/opt/gcc-trunk/lib

exportLIBRARY_PATH=$LIBRARY_PATH:/opt/gcc-trunk/lib:/opt/gcc-trunk/lib64

export PATH=$PATH:/opt/gcc-trunk/bin

source /etc/profile

which gfortran

/opt/gcc-trunk/bin/gfortran

还需要安装gcc-c++

zypper in gcc-c++

2.安装Xorg-X11

安装cairo需要xlib支持,所有需要X11支持,编译R需要X11的libX11和libXt

2.1安装libX11-1.6.5

依赖关系(a,b-> c c依赖于a,b)：

(libpthread-stubs-0.3,xcb-proto-1.12,libXau-1.0.4) -> libxcb-1.12

(util-macros-1.19.1,kbproto-1.0.4,xproto-7.0.23,inputproto-2.3.2,xextproto-7.0.3)-> libX11-1.6.5 <- (libxcb-1.12)

1)安装util-macros-1.19.1

./configure --prefix=/usr/local

make install

2)安装kbproto-1.0.4

./configure --prefix=/usr/local

make install

3)安装xproto-7.0.23

./configure --prefix=/usr/local

make

make install

4)安装inputproto-2.3.2

./configure --prefix=/usr/local

make

make install

5)安装xextproto-7.0.3

./configure --prefix=/usr/local

make install

6)安装libpthread-stubs-0.3

./configure --prefix=/usr/local

make

make install

7)安装xcb-proto-1.12

./configure --prefix=/usr/local

make

make install

8)安装libXau-1.0.4

./configure --prefix=/usr/local

make

make install

9)安装libxcb-1.12

./configure --prefix=/usr/local

make

make install

10)安装libX11-1.6.5

2.2安装libXt-1.1.5

依赖关系(a,b-> c c依赖于a,b)

(xtrans-1.3.5,libice_1.0.8,libsm_1.2.1) -> libXt-1.1.5

1)安装xtrans-1.3.5

./configure --prefix=/usr/local

make

make install

2)安装libICE-1.0.8

./configure --prefix=/usr/local

make

make install

3)安装libsm_1.2.1

./configure --prefix=/usr/local

make

make install

4)安装libXt-1.1.5

./configure --prefix=/usr/local

make

make install

3.安装cairo-1.14.8

R网站的说明：

A.2 Useful libraries and programs：

..............

The ‘modern’ version of the X11(), jpeg(), png() andtiff() graphics devices uses the cairo and (optionally) Pango libraries.

Cairo version 1.2.0 or later is required.

Pango needs to be at least version 1.10, and 1.12 isthe earliest version we have tested.

(For Fedora users we believe the pango-devel RPM andits dependencies suffice.)

R checks for pkg-config, and uses that to check firstthat the ‘pangocairo’ package is installed (and if not, ‘cairo’)

and if additional flags are needed for the‘cairo-xlib’ package,

then if suitable code can be compiled.

These tests will fail if pkg-config is notinstalled48, and are likely to fail if cairo was built statically (unusual).

Most systems with Gtk+ 2.8 or later installed willhave suitable libraries

..............

需要cairo-xlib的支持(需要安装X11)

依赖关系：(a,b-> c c依赖于a,b)

（libXext-1.0.1,pixman-0.34.0)-> cairo-1.14.8

1)安装libXext-1.0.1

./configure --prefix=/usr/local

make

make install

2)安装pixman-0.34.0

./configure --prefix=/usr/local

make

make install

2)安装cairo-1.14.8

./configure --prefix=/usr/local --disable-static --enable-xlib=yes--enable-ft=yes --enable-xlib-xcb=yes -enable-tee

make

make install

configure的结果：

Thefollowing font backends:

User: yes (always builtin)

FreeType: yes

Fontconfig: yes

Win32: no (requires a Win32 platform)

Quartz: no (requires CoreGraphics framework)

The following functions:

PNGfunctions: yes

GLXfunctions: no (not required by anybackend)

WGLfunctions: no (not required by anybackend)

EGLfunctions: no (not required by anybackend)

X11-xcbfunctions: yes

XCB-shmfunctions: yes

The following features and utilities:

cairo-trace: yes

cairo-script-interpreter: yes

And the following internal features:

pthread: yes

gtk-doc: no

gcovsupport: no

symbol-lookup: no (requires bfd)

testsurfaces: no (disabled, use --enable-test-surfaces to enable)

pstesting: no (requires libspectre)

pdftesting: no (requires poppler-glib>= 0.17.4)

svgtesting: no (requires librsvg-2.0 >=2.35.0)

4.安装pango

依赖关系：(a,b -> c c依赖于a,b)：

(libffi-3.2,pcre-8.40 ) -> glib-2.48.2

(libpng-1.6.28,readline-6.3) ->freetype-2.5.4 -> fontconfig-2.12.0 -> harfbuzz-1.4.0 <-(icu4c-50_1,glib-2.48.2)

harfbuzz-1.4.0 -> pango-1.40.2

1)编译libpng-1.6.28

rpm-ivh --nodeps zlib-devel-1.2.7-7.1.1.x86_64.rpm --freetype需要

./configure --prefix=/usr/local

make

make install

2)编译readline-6.3

./configure --prefix=/usr/local

make

make install

3)安装freetype-2.5.4

./configure --prefix=/usr/local

make

make install

4)编译fontconfig-2.12.0

rpm-ivh --nodeps libxml2-devel-2.7.6-0.23.1.x86_64.rpm --fontconfig需要

./configure --sysconfdir=/etc --prefix=/usr/local--mandir=/usr/share/man --enable-libxml2

make

make install

5)编译icu4c-50_1

./configure --prefix=/usr/local

make

make install

6)编译libffi-3.2

./configure --prefix=/usr/local

make

make install

7)编译pcre-8.40

./configure --enable-utf8 --enable-unicode-properties--prefix=/usr/local

make

make install

8)编译glib-2.48.2(最好是这个版本)

./configure --prefix=/usr/local

make

make install

9)编译harfbuzz-1.4.0

./configure --prefix=/usr/local

make

make install

configure结果：

Unicode callbacks (you want at least one):

Glib: true

ICU: true

UCDN: false

10)编译pango-1.40.2

./configure --prefix=/usr/local

make

make install

5.安装R-3.2.2

依赖关系(a->b b依赖于a)：

gmp-5.1.3 -> isl-0.13

mpfr-3.1.5 -> mpc-1.0.2

jpeg9b

tiff-4.0.7

1)安装ncurses-devel(readline的依赖)

zypper in ncurses-devel

2)安装gmp-5.1.3

./configure --prefix=/usr/local

make

make install

2)安装isl-0.13

./configure --prefix=/usr/local

make

make install

3)安装mpfr-3.1.5

./configure --prefix=/usr/local

make

make install

4)安装mpc-1.0.2

./configure --prefix=/usr/local

make

make install

5)安装jpeg-9b

./configure --prefix=/usr/local

make

make install

6)安装tiff-4.0.7

./configure --prefix=/usr/local

make

make install

7)安装R-3.2.2

./configure --enable-R-shlib --with-readline=yes --with-jpeglib=yes--with-libpng=yes --with-x=yes --with-libtiff=yes --with-cairo=yes--with-ICU=yes --prefix=/opt/R

make (如果没有java环境还需要安装java)

make install

8)vi /etc/profile

export PATH=$PATH:/opt/gcc-trunk/bin:/opt/R/bin

source /etc/profiel

可以开始使用R了

> capabilities()

jpeg png tiff tcltk X11 aqua

TRUE TRUE TRUE FALSE FALSE FALSE

http/ftp sockets libxml fifo cledit iconv

TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE

NLS profmem cairo ICU long.double libcurl

TRUE FALSE TRUE TRUE TRUE FALSE

option

R安装ggplot2

https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/available_packages_by_name.html

依赖于：

digest, gtable (≥ 0.1.1), plyr (≥ 1.7.1),reshape2, scales (≥ 0.4.1), tibble, lazyeval

Rcpp -> plyr

stringi,magrittr -> stringr -> reshape2

lazyeval,assertthat -> tibble

RColorBrewer,dichromat,(colorspace -> munsell),labeling -> scales

1)R CMD INSTALL digest_0.6.12.tar.gz

2)R CMD INSTALL gtable_0.2.0.tar.gz

3)R CMD INSTALL Rcpp_0.12.9.tar.gz

4)R CMD INSTALL plyr_1.8.4.tar.gz

5)R CMD INSTALL stringi_1.1.2.tar.gz

6)R CMD INSTALL magrittr_1.5.tar.gz

7)R CMD INSTALL stringr_1.2.0.tar.gz

8)R CMD INSTALL reshape2_1.4.2.tar.gz

9)R CMD INSTALL lazyeval_0.2.0.tar.gz

10)R CMD INSTALL assertthat_0.1.tar.gz

11)R CMD INSTALL tibble_1.2.tar.gz

12)R CMD INSTALL RColorBrewer_1.1-2.tar.gz

13)R CMD INSTALL dichromat_2.0-0.tar.gz

14)R CMD INSTALL colorspace_1.3-2.tar.gz

15)R CMD INSTALL munsell_0.4.3.tar.gz

16)R CMD INSTALL labeling_0.3.tar.gz

17)R CMD INSTALL scales_0.4.1.tar.gz

18)R CMD INSTALL ggplot2_2.2.1.tar.gz

>library()

Packages in library ‘/opt/R/lib64/R/library’:

KernSmooth Functions for Kernel SmoothingSupporting Wand

& Jones (1995)

MASS Support Functions andDatasets for Venables and

Ripley‘s MASS

Matrix Sparse and Dense MatrixClasses and Methods

RColorBrewer ColorBrewer Palettes

Rcpp Seamless R and C++ Integration

assertthat Easy pre and post assertions.

base The R Base Package

boot Bootstrap Functions(Originally by Angelo Canty

for S)

class Functions for Classification

cluster "Finding Groups inData": Cluster Analysis

Extended Rousseeuw etal.

codetools Code Analysis Tools for R

colorspace Color Space Manipulation

compiler The R Compiler Package

datasets The R Datasets Package

dichromat Color Schemes for Dichromats

digest Create Compact Hash Digestsof R Objects

foreign Read Data Stored by Minitab,S, SAS, SPSS,

Stata, Systat, Weka,dBase, ...

ggplot2 Create Elegant DataVisualisations Using the

Grammar of Graphics

FAQ

在安装R的过程中遇到的一些问题

1. R依赖

R官方网站说明：

The ‘modern’ version of the X11(), jpeg(),png() and tiff() graphics devices uses the cairo and (optionally) Pangolibraries.

Cairo version 1.2.0 or later is required.

Pango needs to be at least version 1.10,and 1.12 is the earliest version we have tested.

(For Fedora users we believe thepango-devel RPM and its dependencies suffice.)

R checks for pkg-config, and uses that tocheck first that the ‘pangocairo’ package is installed (and if not, ‘cairo’)

and if additional flags are needed for the‘cairo-xlib’ package,

then if suitable code can be compiled.

These tests will fail if pkg-config is notinstalled48,

and are likely to fail if cairo was builtstatically (unusual).

Most systems with Gtk+ 2.8 or laterinstalled will have suitable libraries

需要pango和cairo,并且cairo需要cairo-xlib支持

2. --with-x=yes (default) andX11 headers/libs are not available

编译R时报错：

checking X11/Intrinsic.h usability... no

checking X11/Intrinsic.h presence... no

checking for X11/Intrinsic.h... no

configure: error: --with-x=yes (default)and X11 headers/libs are not available

解决办法: install libXt

3. dchdc.o: could not readsymbols: Bad value

make R时报错：

/usr/lib64/gcc/x86_64-suse-linux/4.3/../../../../x86_64-suse-linux/bin/ld:

../appl/dchdc.o: relocation R_X86_64_32against `.rodata‘ can not be used when making a shared object; recompile with-fPIC

../appl/dchdc.o: could not read symbols:Bad value

collect2: ld returned 1 exit status

解决办法: configura时去掉--enable-R-shlib

4． error: cairo-xlib.h: No suchfile or directory

编译R时报错：

configure:31534: checking for X

configure:31720: result: disabled

configure:32391: result: using X11 ... no

configure:32501: checking whetherpkg-config knows about cairo and pango

configure:32513: result: yes

configure:32547: checking whether cairoincluding pango is >= 1.2 and works

configure:32570: gcc -std=gnu99 -o conftest-g -O2 -fpic -I/usr/local/include -I/usr/include/libxml2-I/usr/local/include/pango-1.0 -I/usr/local/include/cairo-I/usr/local/include/harfbuzz -I/usr/local/include/freetype2-I/usr/local/include -I/usr/local/include/glib-2.0-I/usr/local/lib/glib-2.0/include -I/usr/local/include/pixman-1 -I/usr/local/include/libpng16 -L/usr/local/lib64 conftest.c -lrt -ldl-lm -L/usr/local/lib -lpangocairo-1.0-lpango-1.0 -lgobject-2.0 -lglib-2.0 -lpng16 -lz -lcairo >&5

conftest.c:233:24: error: cairo-xlib.h: Nosuch file or directory

configure:32570: $? = 1

解决办法：这是安装了cairo,但是编译cairo时没有加--enable-xlib=yes参数

5. /libreadline.so: undefined reference to….

configure R时候readline报错,查看config.log：

configure:20905: checking forrl_callback_read_char in -lreadline

configure:20930: gcc -o conftest -g -O2-I/usr/local/include -L/usr/local/lib64 conftest.c -lreadline >&5

/usr/local/lib/libreadline.so: undefinedreference to `tputs‘

/usr/local/lib/libreadline.so: undefinedreference to `tgoto‘

/usr/local/lib/libreadline.so: undefinedreference to `tgetflag‘

/usr/local/lib/libreadline.so: undefinedreference to `UP‘

/usr/local/lib/libreadline.so: undefinedreference to `tgetent‘

/usr/local/lib/libreadline.so: undefinedreference to `tgetnum‘

/usr/local/lib/libreadline.so: undefinedreference to `PC‘

/usr/local/lib/libreadline.so: undefinedreference to `tgetstr‘

/usr/local/lib/libreadline.so: undefinedreference to `BC‘

collect2: ld returned 1 exit status

configure:20930: $? = 1

解决办法: zypper in ncurses-devel

6. error: cannot compile a simple Fortranprogram

configure R 时候报错：

checking for Fortran 77 libraries ofgfortran...

checking how to get verbose linking outputfrom gcc -std=gnu99... -v

checking for C libraries of gcc-std=gnu99... -L/usr/local/lib64-L/usr/lib64/gcc/x86_64-suse-linux/4.3 -L/usr/lib64/gcc/x86_64-suse-linux/4.3/../../../../lib64-L/lib/../lib64 -L/usr/lib/../lib64-L/usr/lib64/gcc/x86_64-suse-linux/4.3/../../../../x86_64-suse-linux/lib-L/usr/lib64/gcc/x86_64-suse-linux/4.3/../../.. -lgcc_s

checking for dummy main to link withFortran 77 libraries... none

checking for Fortran 77 name-manglingscheme... configure: error: in `/soft/R-3.2.2‘:

configure: error: cannot compile a simpleFortran program

config.log中搜索"cannotcompile a simple Fortran program"：

configure:23745: checking for Fortran 77name-mangling scheme

configure:23758: gfortran -c conftest.f >&5

/opt/gcc-trunk/bin/../libexec/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/7.0.0/f951:error while loading shared libraries: libisl.so.13: cannot open sh

ared object file: No such file or directory

configure:23758: $? = 1

configure: failed program was:

| subroutine foobar()

| return