CentOS 6.5 安装部署iSCSi共享存储

Posted 2020-09-02 若相惜-勿相离

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CentOS 6.5 安装部署iSCSi共享存储

一、前言

　　1、什么是iSCSI?

　　　　iSCSI技术是一种由IBM公司研究开发的，是一个供硬件设备使用的可以在IP协议的上层运行的SCSI指令集，这种指令集合可以实现在IP网络上运行SCSI协议，使其能够在诸如高速千兆以太网上进行路由选择。iSCSI技术是一种新储存技术，该技术是将现有SCSI接口与以太网络(Ethernet)技术结合，使服务器可与使用IP网络的储存装置互相交换资料。

　　　　iSCSI：Internet 小型计算机系统接口（iSCSI：Internet Small Computer System Interface）。
Internet 小型计算机系统接口（iSCSI）是一种基于 TCP/IP的协议，用来建立和管理 IP 存储设备、主机和客户机等之间的相互连接，并创建存储区域网络（SAN）。SAN 使得 SCSI 协议应用于高速数据传输网络成为可能，这种传输以数据块级别（block-level）在多个数据存储网络间进行。
　　　　SCSI 结构基于客户/服务器模式，其通常应用环境是：设备互相靠近，并且这些设备由 SCSI 总线连接。iSCSI 的主要功能是在 TCP/IP 网络上的主机系统（启动器 initiator）和存储设备（目标器 target）之间进行大量数据的封装和可靠传输过程。此外，iSCSI 提供了在 IP 网络封装 SCSI 命令，且运行在 TCP 上。

　　2、环境介绍：

　　　　本次部署由3台物理机实现，具体信息分别为以下：

　　　　　　a、iSCSI_Server：192.168.30.133

　　　　　　b、iSCSI_Client1：192.168.30.131

　　　　　　c、iSCSI_Client2：192.168.30.132

　　　　需要用到的软件为：

　　　　　　a、scsi-target-utils　　　　# 提供Server端服务

　　　　　　b、iscsi-initiator-utils 　　#提供Client服务

二、安装部署服务端，即iSCSI_Server

　　　1、在服务端创建可共享的磁盘或卷；这里就新添加一块新磁盘做为共享；

　　　　查看新添加的硬盘：

[[email protected]_Server ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 32.2 GB, 32212254720 bytes
64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 30720 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x000da3dc

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 2 501 512000 83 Linux
Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/sda2 502 30720 30944256 8e Linux LVM
Partition 2 does not end on cylinder boundary.

Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes
64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 20480 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000

　　2、对硬盘进行分区并创建LVM卷：

[[email protected]_Server ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb
Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x47756356.
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
After that, of course, the previous content won‘t be recoverable.

Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)

WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It‘s strongly recommended to
         switch off the mode (command ‘c‘) and change display units to
         sectors (command ‘u‘).

Command (m for help): p　　　　　　# 查看分区信息

Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes
64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 20480 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x47756356

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

Command (m for help): n　　　　　　#新建一个分区
Command action
   e   extended
   p   primary partition (1-4)
e　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　# 新建一个逻辑分区
Partition number (1-4): 4　　　　　# 卷标为 4
First cylinder (1-20480, default 1): 
Using default value 1
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-20480, default 20480): 
Using default value 20480

Command (m for help): p　　　　　　# 查看信息

Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes
64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 20480 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x47756356

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sdb4               1       20480    20971504    5  Extended

Command (m for help): n　　　　　　# 新建逻辑卷
Command action
   l   logical (5 or over)
   p   primary partition (1-4)
l　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　# 选择l,逻辑卷
First cylinder (1-20480, default 1): 
Using default value 1
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-20480, default 20480): 
Using default value 20480

Command (m for help): p　　　　　　# 查看信息

Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes
64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 20480 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x47756356

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sdb4               1       20480    20971504    5  Extended
/dev/sdb5               1       20480    20971488   83  Linux

Command (m for help): w　　　　　　# 保存
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks

[[email protected]_Server ~]# partprobe /dev/sdb　　　　　　# 使刚才的配置立即生效

　[[email protected]_Server ~]# fdisk -l

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb4 1 20480 20971504 5 Extended
/dev/sdb5 1 20480 20971488 83 Linux

[[email protected]_Server ~]# cat /proc/partitions
major minor #blocks name

8 0 31457280 sda
8 1 512000 sda1
8 2 30944256 sda2
8 16 20971520 sdb
8 20 1 sdb4
8 21 20971488 sdb5
253 0 27795456 dm-0
253 1 3145728 dm-1

#注：看到以上标黄的信息证明已经创建逻辑卷成功！

接下来创建LVM卷

[[email protected]_Server ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb5　　　　　　　　# 创建PV
Physical volume "/dev/sdb5" successfully created
[[email protected]_Server ~]# vgcreate kvmvg /dev/sdb5　　　　 # 创建VG
Volume group "kvmvg" successfully created
[[email protected]_Server ~]# lvcreate -L 19G -n kvmlv kvmvg 　# 创建LV
Logical volume "kvmlv" created.
[[email protected]_Server ~]# lvs　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　# 查看
LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Meta% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
lv_root VolGroup -wi-ao---- 26.51g
lv_swap VolGroup -wi-ao---- 3.00g
kvmlv kvmvg -wi-a----- 19.00g
[[email protected]_Server ~]#

#注：看到以上标黄的信息证明已经创建成功！

　　3、安装服务端软件：scsi-target-utils

[[email protected]_Server ~]# yum -y install epel-release
[[email protected]_Server ~]# yum -y install scsi-target-utils.x86_64

　　4、配置iSCSI服务：

[[email protected]_Server ~]# vim /etc/tgt/targets.conf
#### 在 40行后添加以下信息#######
<target iqn.2017-03.com.zlyang:kvm.iscsi>
　　backing-store /dev/kvmvg/kvmlv　　　　　　
　　initiator-address 192.168.30.0/24
</target>

　　注：

　　iqn.2017-03.com.zlyang:kvm.iscsi ：为共享名

　 iqn.2017-03.com.zlyang:kvm.iscsi　　：共享卷名及路径

　 initiator-address 192.168.30.0/24　　：允许哪些地址访问

　　5、启动服务

[[email protected]_Server ~]# service tgtd start
Starting SCSI target daemon:                               [  OK  ]
[[email protected]_Server ~]# chkconfig tgtd on
[[email protected]_Server ~]# netstat -tnlt|grep 3260

tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:3260 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN
tcp 0 0 :::3260 :::* LISTEN

　　6、添加防火墙规则

[[email protected]_Server ~]# iptables -I INPUT 4 -p tcp --dport 3260 -j ACCEPT
[[email protected]_Server ~]# iptables-save
[[email protected]_Server ~]# service iptables save
[[email protected]_Server ~]# service iptables restart

三、安装Client

　　因为两台Client配置几乎一样，在此以Client1为例给大家演示具体部署过程

　　1、首先查看本地磁盘

[[email protected]_Client_1 ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 32.2 GB, 32212254720 bytes
64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 30720 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x000da3dc

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *           2         501      512000   83  Linux
Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/sda2             502       30720    30944256   8e  Linux LVM
Partition 2 does not end on cylinder boundary.

Disk /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root: 28.5 GB, 28462546944 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 3460 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000


Disk /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_swap: 3221 MB, 3221225472 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 391 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000

# 可以看出只有一块磁盘

　　2、安装Client软件

[[email protected]_Client_1 ~]# yum -y install epel-release
[[email protected]_Client_1 ~]# yum -y install iscsi-initiator-utils.x86_64

　　3、启动服务

[[email protected]_Client_1 ~]# service iscsid start
[[email protected]_Client_1 ~]# chkconfig iscsid on

　　 4、发现下iSCSI服务端

[[email protected]_Client_1 ~]# iscsiadm -m discovery -t st -p 192.168.30.133
192.168.30.133:3260,1 iqn.2017-03.com.zlyang:kvm.iscsi

　　5、挂载该磁盘

　　　　a、加载磁盘

[[email protected]_Client_1 ~]# iscsiadm -m node -T iqn.2017-03.com.zlyang:kvm.iscsi -p 192.168.30.133 -l
Logging in to [iface: default, target: iqn.2017-03.com.zlyang:kvm.iscsi, portal: 192.168.30.133,3260] (multiple)
Login to [iface: default, target: iqn.2017-03.com.zlyang:kvm.iscsi, portal: 192.168.30.133,3260] successful.
[[email protected]_Client_1 ~]# echo "iscsiadm -m node -T iqn.2017-03.com.zlyang:kvm.iscsi -p 192.168.30.133 -l" >> /etc/rc.d/rc.local"

[[email protected]_Client_1 ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sdc: 20.4 GB, 20401094656 bytes
64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 19456 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000

注：看到此信息表示已经加载成功

　　　　b、分区格式化

[[email protected]_Client_1 ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdc
mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
/dev/sdc is entire device, not just one partition!
Proceed anyway? (y,n) y
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
1245184 inodes, 4980736 blocks
249036 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=4294967296
152 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks: 
    32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208, 
    4096000

Writing inode tables: done                            
Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

This filesystem will be automatically checked every 35 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
[[email protected]_Client_1 ~]#

　　　　c、挂载到本地

[[email protected]_Client_1 ~]# mount /dev/sdc /mnt
[[email protected]_Client_1 ~]# echo "mount /dev/sdc /mnt" >> /etc/rc.d/rc.local
[[email protected]_Client_1 ~]# df -h
Filesystem            Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root
                       26G  2.6G   23G  11% /
tmpfs                 939M     0  939M   0% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1             477M   52M  400M  12% /boot
/dev/sdc               19G   44M   18G   1% /mnt
[[email protected]_Client_1 ~]#

Client_1的所有配置已经配置完成，Client_2配置与Client_1基本相同，只是Client_2不需要再分区格式化了，直接加载及挂载就可以！

好了，部署已经全部完成，如果什么问题可以回复或发邮件到：[email protected]

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