awk
Posted quicksand.F
tags:
篇首语：本文由小常识网(cha138.com)小编为大家整理，主要介绍了awk相关的知识，希望对你有一定的参考价值。
awk FS：输入字段分隔符 OFS：输出字段分隔符 RS：输入时的换行符 ORS：输出的换行符 NF：字段数量 $NF:最后一个字段 NR：统计行数 FNR：各个文件的行数统计 FILENAME：当前处理的文件名路径 ARGC：命令行参数的个数 ARGV：数组，以ARGV($1,...)调用 1.[[email protected] ~]# awk -v FS=":" ‘{print $1}‘ /etc/passwd [[email protected] ~]# awk ‘{print $1}‘ /etc/passwd [[email protected] ~]# gawk -v FS=":" ‘{print $1}‘ /etc/passwd相当于[[email protected] ~]# gawk -F: ‘{print $1}‘ /etc/passwd [[email protected] ~]# awk -v FS=":" ‘{print $1,$3,$7}‘ /etc/passwd [[email protected] ~]# awk -v FS=‘:‘ ‘{print $1,$3,$7}‘ /etc/passwd [[email protected] ~]# awk -v FS=‘:‘ -v OFS=‘#‘ ‘{print $1,$3,$7}‘ /etc/passwd [[email protected] ~]# awk -v RS=‘:‘ -v ORS=‘#‘ ‘{print}‘ /etc/passwd root#x#0#0#root#/root#/bin/bash bin#x#1#1#bin#/bin#/sbin/nologin daemon#x#2#2#daemon#/sbin#/sbin/nologin adm#x#3#4#adm#/var/adm#/sbin/nologin lp#x#4#7#lp#/var/spool/lpd#/sbin/nologin [[email protected] ~]# awk ‘{print NF}‘ /etc/fstab 统计行字段个数； [[email protected] ~]# awk ‘{print $NF}‘ /etc/fstab cat /etc/fstab 显示最后一个字段 [[email protected] ~]# awk ‘BEGIN{print ARGC}‘ /etc/fstab /etc/issue 3 [[email protected] ~]# awk ‘BEGIN{print ARGV[0]}‘ /etc/fstab /etc/issue awk [[email protected] ~]# awk -v test=‘glq hello‘ ‘{print test,$1}‘ /etc/fstab glq hello glq hello # glq hello # glq hello # [[email protected] ~]# awk ‘BEGIN{test="welcome";print test,$2}‘ /etc/fstab welcome [[email protected] ~]# awk -v test=‘to my log‘ ‘{print test,$2}‘ /etc/fstab to my log to my log to my log /etc/fstab to my log Created to my log to my log Accessible [[email protected] ~]# awk -F: -v test="my log" ‘{print test,$7}‘ /etc/passwd my log /bin/bash my log /sbin/nologin my log /sbin/nologin ---------------------------- printf [[email protected] ~]# awk -F: ‘{printf "username: %-15s,UID: %d\n",$1,$3}‘ /etc/passwd username: root ,UID: 0 username: bin ,UID: 1 username: daemon ,UID: 2 username: adm ,UID: 3 [[email protected] ~]# awk -F: ‘{printf "username: %-10s,UID: %-1d, Shell: %s\n",$1,$3,$7}‘ /etc/passwd username: root ,UID: 0, Shell: /bin/bash username: bin ,UID: 1, Shell: /sbin/nologin username: daemon ,UID: 2, Shell: /sbin/nologin [[email protected] ~]# awk -F: ‘{printf "username: %-10s UID: %-1d Shell: %s\n",$1,$3,$7}‘ /etc/passwd username: root UID: 0 Shell: /bin/bash username: bin UID: 1 Shell: /sbin/nologin username: daemon UID: 2 Shell: /sbin/nologin [[email protected] ~]# awk -F: ‘{$3>=1000?usertype="common user":usertype="system user";printf "%15s:%-s\n",$1,usertype}‘ /etc/passwd root:system user bin:system user daemon:system user adm:system user --------------------------------------- [[email protected] ~]# awk ‘/^UUID/{print $1}‘ /etc/fstab UUID=63539c8b-2d17-4c5e-aa11-e232515bba61 [[email protected] ~]# awk ‘!/^UUID/{print $1}‘ /etc/fstab # # # # # # # /dev/mapper/centos-root /dev/mapper/centos-swap
以上是关于awk的主要内容，如果未能解决你的问题，请参考以下文章