Docker学习
Posted
tags:
篇首语：本文由小常识网(cha138.com)小编为大家整理，主要介绍了Docker学习相关的知识，希望对你有一定的参考价值。
# Docker学习
从仓库获取所需要的镜像
```
sudo docker pull ubuntu:12.04
sudo docker pull registry.hub.docker.com/ubuntu:12.04
sudo docker pull dl.dockerpoll.com:5000/ubuntu:12.04
```
- 入门命令
```sudo docker run -i -t ubuntu /bin/bash```
```sudo docker run -t -i ubuntu:12.04 /bin/bash```
- 后台运动
```sudo docker run -d ubuntu:12.04 /bin/bash -c "while true; do sleep 1; done"```
- 进入已经运行的容器
```sudo docker exec -i -t $CONTAINER_ID /bin/bash```
```sudo docker attach ubuntu```
- 列出当前运行的容器
```sudo docker ps```
- 查看容器详细信息
```sudo docker inspect $CONTAINER_ID```
- 列出所有容器
```sudo docker ps -a```
- 查看本地安装的所有镜像
```sudo docker images```
- 创建自定义网络
```
//注：shadown为自定义网桥的名字，可自己任意取名。
docker network create --subnet=192.168.88.0/24 mynet88
```
- 在你自定义的网段选取任意IP地址作为你要启动的container的静态IP地址
```
docker run -d --name mydocker -it --net mynet88 --ip 192.168.88.10 mytest/ubuntu
```
- 删除 none 的镜像
```docker rmi $(docker images | awk ‘/^<none>/ { print $3 }‘)```
- docker save命令-打包image
```docker save -o nginx.tar mytest/nginx```
- docker load命令-加载image
```docker load -i nginx.tar```
- 用容器ID把容器提交到了仓库中
```
sudo docker commit 4fe870047979 mytest/ubuntu
sudo docker run -i -t mytest/ubuntu /bin/bash
```
### 使用Dockerfile构建镜像
```
FROM ubuntu:12.04
MAINTAINER bstdn <[email protected]>
RUN echo "deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise main restricted\n" \
"deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise main restricted\n" \
"deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates main restricted\n" \
"deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates main restricted\n" \
"deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise universe\n" \
"deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise universe\n" \
"deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates universe\n" \
"deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates universe\n" \
"deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise multiverse\n" \
"deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise multiverse\n" \
"deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates multiverse\n" \
"deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates multiverse\n" \
"deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse\n" \
"deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse\n" \
"deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-security main restricted\n" \
"deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-security main restricted\n" \
"deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-security universe\n" \
"deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-security universe\n" \
"deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-security multiverse\n" \
"deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-security multiverse\n" \
"deb http://extras.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise main\n" \
"deb-src http://extras.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise main" > /etc/apt/sources.list
RUN apt-get update
RUN apt-get install -y openssh-server
#RUN apt-get install -y python2.7-dev
RUN apt-get install -y vim
RUN mkdir /var/run/sshd
RUN echo "root:root" | chpasswd
#VOLUME ["/media/psf/Home/pan_baidu/wwwroot", "/wwwroot"]
VOLUME ["/data/wwwroot"]
WORKDIR /data/wwwroot
EXPOSE 22 80
CMD /usr/sbin/sshd -D
```
- 构建镜像
```sudo docker build -t mytest/ssh .```
```sudo docker build -t="mytest/ssh:v2" .```
-t 标记 来添加 tag
- 修改镜像的标签
```sudo docker tag $CONTAINER_ID mytest/ssh:v3```
- 实例化
```sudo docker run -d -p 80:80 -p 2222:22 -v /wwwroot:/data/wwwroot mytest/ssh```
- ssh登录
```ssh [email protected] -p 2222```
- kill 正在运行的容器
```sudo docker kill $(sudo docker ps -aql)```
- 调试
```
FROM ubuntu:12.04
RUN echo "deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise main restricted universe multiverse" > /etc/apt/sources.list
RUN apt-get update
RUN apt-get install -y openssh-server
RUN mkdir /var/run/sshd
RUN echo "root:root" | chpasswd
EXPOSE 22 80 3306
CMD /usr/sbin/sshd -D
```
```sudo docker build -t mytest/base .```
```
sudo docker run -i -t -p 2222:22 -p 8080:80 -p 3306:3306 -v /wwwroot:/home/vagrant/wwwroot --name=base mytest/base /bin/bash
```
## 建立容器之间的连接 - 以Nginx+php为例
```
# phpfpm
docker run -d --name phpfpm mytest/php-5.3 /bin/bash -c "while true;do sleep 1;done"
docker exec -it phpfpm /bin/bash
# nginx
docker run -d --name nginx-1.1 -p 80:80 --link phpfpm:phpfpm --volumes-from phpfpm mytest/nginx-1.1 /bin/bash -c "while true;do sleep 1;done"
docker exec -it nginx-1.1 /bin/bash
```
```
docker run --name some-mysql -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=my-secret-pw -d mysql:tag
```
## docker 实例
```
//mysql
docker run -d --name mysql-5.5 -h mysql-5-5 -p 3306:3306 -v /wwwroot:/home/vagrant/wwwroot -v /Downloads:/home/vagrant/Downloads mytest/mysql-5.5
//redis
docker run -d -p 6379:6379 -h redis-2-2 --name redis-2.2 -v /wwwroot:/home/vagrant/wwwroot mytest/redis-2.2
//memcached
docker run -d -p 45001:11211 --name memcached -h memcached -v /wwwroot:/home/vagrant/wwwroot mytest/memcached
```
- 清理docker for mac [占用本地空间](https://github.com/docker/for-mac/issues/371)
```
停用 docker
docker rm $(docker ps -a -q)
docker rmi $(docker images -q)
docker volume rm $(docker volume ls |awk ‘{print $2}‘)
rm -rf ~/Library/Containers/com.docker.docker/Data/*
启用 docker 会自动生成 Data 数据
```
本文出自 “技术蓝” 博客，请务必保留此出处http://bstdn.blog.51cto.com/8667020/1895745
以上是关于Docker学习的主要内容，如果未能解决你的问题，请参考以下文章