170. Two Sum III - Data structure design

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Design and implement a TwoSum class. It should support the following operations: add and find.

add - Add the number to an internal data structure.
find - Find if there exists any pair of numbers which sum is equal to the value.

For example,

add(1); add(3); add(5);
find(4) -> true
find(7) -> false

/**
* Your TwoSum object will be instantiated and called as such:
* TwoSum obj = new TwoSum();
* obj.add(number);
* boolean param_2 = obj.find(value);
*/


此题是一个设计题,和之前的两个two sum题目不同的地方是,此题不是给数组,而是给了add,find方法,此题有个小细节需要考虑,实际操作中究竟是add的操作多还是find的操作多?因此对应了以下几种做法:
1.add的操作多的时候,可以用hashmap来存储数据,key保存加的值,value保存同一个key值出现的次数。然后迭代哈希表键值来检查是否和等于指定值。
代码如下:

public class TwoSum {
  Map<Integer,Integer> map;
/** Initialize your data structure here. */
  public TwoSum() {
    map = new HashMap<Integer,Integer>();
  }

/** Add the number to an internal data structure.. */
  public void add(int number) {
    map.put(number,map.containsKey(number)?map.get(number)+1:1);
  }

/** Find if there exists any pair of numbers which sum is equal to the value. */
  public boolean find(int value) {
    for(Map.Entry<Integer,Integer> entry:map.entrySet()){
      int a = entry.getKey();
      int b = value-a;
      if((a==b&&map.get(a)>1)||a!=b&&map.containsKey(b)){
        return true;
      }
    }
    return false;
  }
}

2.接下来考虑find多的情况,即把add的数都两个两个加起来,存储到hashset里面,然而这么做相当于是用空间去换了时间,最后给出了TLE,该算法不可行。代码如下:

public class TwoSum {
  Set<Integer> num;
  Set<Integer> sum;
/** Initialize your data structure here. */
  public TwoSum() {
    num = new HashSet<Integer>();
    sum = new HashSet<Integer>();
  }

/** Add the number to an internal data structure.. */
  public void add(int number) {
    if(!num.contains(number)){
      Iterator<Integer> iter = num.iterator();
      while(iter.hasNext()){
      sum.add(iter.next()+number);
      }
      num.add(number);
    }else{
      sum.add(2*number);
    }
  }

/** Find if there exists any pair of numbers which sum is equal to the value. */
  public boolean find(int value) {
    return sum.contains(value);
  }
}

此题可以学到,hashset和hashmap都可以用iterator进行迭代(Iterator<Integer> iter = hashmap.keySet().iterator()),也可以手动对hashmap进行迭代,如Map.Entry<a,b> entry;以后还会有keySet(),valueSet()等等

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