使用OpenFiler来模拟存储配置RAC中ASM共享盘及多路径（multipath）的测试

Posted 2020-08-29

第一章 本篇总览

 

之前发布了一篇《Oracle_lhr_RAC 12cR1安装》，但是其中的存储并没有使用多路径，而是使用了VMware自身提供的存储。所以，年前最后一件事就是把多路径学习一下，本文介绍了OpenFiler、iSCSI和多路径的配置。

本文内容：

 

 

第二章 安装OpenFiler

OpenFile是在rPath Linux基础上开发的，它能够作为一个独立的Linux操作系统发行。Openfiler是一款非常好的存储管理操作系统，开源免费，通过web界面对存储磁盘的管理，支持现在流行的网络存储技术IP-SAN和NAS，支持iSCSI、NFS、SMB/CIFS及FTP等协议。

本次安装OpenFiler锁需要的软件如下所示：

序号	类型	内容
1	openfiler	openfileresa-2.99.1-x86_64-disc1.iso

注：这些软件小麦苗已上传到腾讯微云（http://blog.itpub.net/26736162/viewspace-1624453/），各位朋友可以去下载。另外，小麦苗已经将安装好的虚拟机上传到了云盘，里边已集成了rlwrap软件。

2.1  安装

详细安装过程小麦苗就不一个一个截图了，网上已经有网友贴出了一步一步的过程，OpenFiler的内存设置为1G大小或再小点也无所谓，磁盘选用IDE磁盘格式，由于后续要配置多路径，所以需要安装2块网卡。安装完成后，重新启动，界面如下所示：

 

 

注意，方框中的内容，可以在浏览器中直接打开。可以用root用户登录进行用户的维护，若进行存储的维护则只能使用openfiler用户。openfiler是在远程使用Web界面进行管理的，小麦苗这里的管理地址是https://192.168.59.200:446，其管理的初始用户名是openfiler（小写的），密码是password，可以在登录之后，修改这个密码。

 

 

2.2  基本配置

2.2.1  网卡配置

 

配置静态网卡地址：

[[email protected] ~]# more /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 # Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] 79c970 [PCnet32 LANCE] DEVICE=eth0 BOOTPROTO=static BROADCAST=192.168.59.255 HWADDR=00:0C:29:98:1A:CD IPADDR=192.168.59.200 NETMASK=255.255.255.0 NETWORK=192.168.59.0 ONBOOT=yes [[email protected] ~]# more /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth1 DEVICE=eth1 MTU=1500 USERCTL=no ONBOOT=yes BOOTPROTO=static IPADDR=192.168.2.200 NETMASK=255.255.255.0 HWADDR=00:0C:29:98:1A:D7 [[email protected] ~]# ip a 1: lo: <loopback,up,10000> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue     link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00     inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo     inet6 ::1/128 scope host        valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 2: eth0: <broadcast,multicast,up,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast qlen 1000     link/ether 00:0c:29:98:1a:cd brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff     inet 192.168.59.200/24 brd 192.168.59.255 scope global eth0     inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe98:1acd/64 scope link        valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 3: eth1: <broadcast,multicast,up,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast qlen 1000     link/ether 00:0c:29:98:1a:d7 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff     inet 192.168.2.200/24 brd 192.168.2.255 scope global eth1     inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe98:1ad7/64 scope link        valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever [[email protected] ~]#

 

2.2.2  添加硬盘

添加一块100G大小的IDE格式的硬盘作为存储。

 

[[email protected] ~]# fdisk -l   Disk /dev/sda: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1305 cylinders, total 20971520 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x000adc2c      Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System /dev/sda1   *          63      610469      305203+  83  Linux /dev/sda2          610470    17382329     8385930   83  Linux /dev/sda3        17382330    19486844     1052257+  82  Linux swap / Solaris   Disk /dev/sdb: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 13054 cylinders, total 209715200 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000   Disk /dev/sdb doesn‘t contain a valid partition table [[email protected] ~]#

 

2.3  iscsi target配置

为openfiler服务器配置了两块硬盘，其中10GB的硬盘已经用来安装openfiler操作系统，而200GB的硬盘则会用做数据存储。

2.3.1  创建逻辑卷

 

登录地址：https://192.168.59.200:446

初始用户名和密码：openfiler/password

 

在独立存储设备中，LUN（Logical Unit Number）是最重要的基本单位。LUN可以被SAN中的任何主机访问，不管是透过HBA或是iSCSI。就算是软件激活的iSCSI，也可以在不同的操作系统之下，在操作系统启动之后利用软件的iSCSI initiator访问LUN。在OpenFiler之下，LUN被称为Logical Volume（LV），因此在OpenFiler下创建LUN就是创建LV。

当你安装好OpenFiler之后，接下来就是要将OpenFiler下的磁盘分享出来给虚拟机或网络上的其他主机使用了。在标准的SAN之后，这些可以在RAID层面完成，但VG的好处及弹性是RAID无法比较的，下面看看OpenFiler下的VG是如何一步一步创建的。

 创建VG的步骤：

（1）进入OpenFiler的接口，并且选择要使用的实体硬盘。

（2）将要加入的实体硬盘格式化成Physical Volume格式。

（3）创建一个VG组，并且将格式化成为PV格式的实体硬盘加入。

（4）加入完毕之后，就成为一个大的VG组，被视为系统的一个大实体硬盘。

（5）在这个VG中添加逻辑分割区LUN，在OpenFiler中称为Logical Volume。

（6）指定LUN的文件格式，如iSCSI、ext3或是NFS，并且格式化。

（7）如果是iSCSI则需要再配置，如果是其他文件格式，就可以用NAS的方式分享出去而

 

 

登录后，点击Volumes标签

为openfiler服务器配置了两块硬盘，其中10GB的硬盘已经用来安装openfiler操作系统，而200GB的硬盘则会用做数据存储。

 

 

点击create new physical volumes后点击/dev/sdb

 

点击页面右下角Reset，然后点击Create。分区类型为Physical volume

 

点击Volume Groups

 

 

输入名称，勾选复选框，单击Add volume group

 

[[email protected] ~]# fdisk -l   Disk /dev/sda: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1305 cylinders, total 20971520 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x000adc2c      Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System /dev/sda1   *          63      610469      305203+  83  Linux /dev/sda2          610470    17382329     8385930   83  Linux /dev/sda3        17382330    19486844     1052257+  82  Linux swap / Solaris   WARNING: GPT (GUID Partition Table) detected on ‘/dev/sdb‘! The util fdisk doesn‘t support GPT. Use GNU Parted.     Disk /dev/sdb: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 13054 cylinders, total 209715200 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000      Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System /dev/sdb1               1   209715199   104857599+  ee  GPT [[email protected] ~]# pvs   PV         VG    Fmt  Attr PSize  PFree   /dev/sdb1  vmlhr lvm2 a-   95.34g 95.34g [[email protected] ~]#

 

点击Add Volume

 

 

输入内容，调整磁盘大小为10G，卷类型选择block（iSCSI，FC，etc）

 

 

依次共创建4个逻辑卷：

 

[[email protected] ~]# vgs   VG    #PV #LV #SN Attr   VSize  VFree   vmlhr   1   4   0 wz--n- 95.34g 55.34g [[email protected] ~]# pvs   PV         VG    Fmt  Attr PSize  PFree   /dev/sdb1  vmlhr lvm2 a-   95.34g 55.34g [[email protected] ~]# lvs   LV   VG    Attr   LSize  Origin Snap%  Move Log Copy%  Convert   lv01 vmlhr -wi-a- 10.00g                                        lv02 vmlhr -wi-a- 10.00g                                        lv03 vmlhr -wi-a- 10.00g                                        lv04 vmlhr -wi-a- 10.00g                                      [[email protected] ~]# fdisk -l   Disk /dev/sda: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1305 cylinders, total 20971520 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x000adc2c      Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System /dev/sda1   *          63      610469      305203+  83  Linux /dev/sda2          610470    17382329     8385930   83  Linux /dev/sda3        17382330    19486844     1052257+  82  Linux swap / Solaris   WARNING: GPT (GUID Partition Table) detected on ‘/dev/sdb‘! The util fdisk doesn‘t support GPT. Use GNU Parted.     Disk /dev/sdb: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 13054 cylinders, total 209715200 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000      Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System /dev/sdb1               1   209715199   104857599+  ee  GPT   Disk /dev/dm-0: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1305 cylinders, total 20971520 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000   Disk /dev/dm-0 doesn‘t contain a valid partition table   Disk /dev/dm-1: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1305 cylinders, total 20971520 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000   Disk /dev/dm-1 doesn‘t contain a valid partition table   Disk /dev/dm-2: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1305 cylinders, total 20971520 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000   Disk /dev/dm-2 doesn‘t contain a valid partition table   Disk /dev/dm-3: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1305 cylinders, total 20971520 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000   Disk /dev/dm-3 doesn‘t contain a valid partition table [[email protected] ~]#

2.3.2  开启iSCSI Target服务

 

点击Services标签栏设置iSCSI Target 为Enable 开启服务Start。

 

2.3.3  LUN Mapping操作

 

返回Volumes标签页，点击iSCSI Targets

 

点击Add

选择LUN Mapping标签 点击Map

 

2.3.4  Network ACL

由于iSCSI是走IP网络，因此我们要允许网络中的计算机可以透过IP来访问。下面就是OpenFiler中IP网络和同一网段中其他主机的连接方法。

1．进入OpenFiler中的System，并且直接拉到页面的下方。

2．在Network Access Configuration的地方输入这个网络访问的名称，如VM_LHR。

3．输入主机的IP段。注意不可以输入单一主机的IP，这样会都无法访问。我们在这边输入192.168.59.0，表示从192.168.59.1一直到192.168.59.254都能访问。

4．在Netmask中选择255.255.255.0，并且在Type下拉列表框中选择Share，之后即可以单击Update按钮。

 

选择完之后就更新

至此就可以在这个OpenFiler中看到被授权的网段了。

 

在iSCSI Targets中，点击 Network ACL 标签

 

设置Access为Allow 然后点击Update

到此存储的配置已经完成

2.3.5  /etc/initiators.deny

注释掉iqn.2006-01.com.openfiler:tsn.5e423e1e4d90 ALL：

[[email protected] ~]# more /etc/initiators.deny     # PLEASE DO NOT MODIFY THIS CONFIGURATION FILE! #       This configuration file was autogenerated #       by Openfiler. Any manual changes will be overwritten #       Generated at: Sat Jan 21 1:49:55 CST 2017     #iqn.2006-01.com.openfiler:tsn.5e423e1e4d90 ALL     # End of Openfiler configuration   [[email protected] ~]#

 

第三章 RAC中配置共享

 

3.1  RAC节点配置iSCSI

iSCSI（Internet Small Computer System Interface）。iSCSI技术由IBM公司研究开发，是一个供硬件设备使用的、可以在IP协议的上层运行的SCSI指令集，这种指令集合可以实现在IP网络上运行SCSI协议，使其能够在诸如高速千兆以太网上进行路由选择。iSCSI技术是一种新储存技术，该技术是将现有SCSI接口与以太网络(Ethernet)技术结合，使服务器可与使用IP网络的储存装置互相交换资料。iSCSI是一种基于 TCP/IP 的协议，用来建立和管理 IP存储设备、主机和客户机等之间的相互连接，并创建存储区域网络（SAN）。

iSCSI target：就是储存设备端，存放磁盘或RAID的设备，目前也能够将Linux主机模拟成iSCSI target了！目的在提供其他主机使用的『磁盘』；

iSCSI initiator：就是能够使用target的用户端，通常是服务器。也就是说，想要连接到iSCSI target的服务器，也必须要安装iSCSI initiator的相关功能后才能够使用iSCSI target提供的磁盘。

3.1.1  iSCSI target

[[email protected] ~]# service iscsi-target start Starting iSCSI target service: [  OK  ] [[email protected] ~]# more /etc/ietd.conf       #####   WARNING!!! - This configuration file generated by Openfiler. DO NOT MANUALLY EDIT.  #####      Target iqn.2006-01.com.openfiler:tsn.5e423e1e4d90         HeaderDigest None         DataDigest None         MaxConnections 1         InitialR2T Yes         ImmediateData No         MaxRecvDataSegmentLength 131072         MaxXmitDataSegmentLength 131072         MaxBurstLength 262144         FirstBurstLength 262144         DefaultTime2Wait 2         DefaultTime2Retain 20         MaxOutstandingR2T 8         DataPDUInOrder Yes         DataSequenceInOrder Yes         ErrorRecoveryLevel 0         Lun 0 Path=/dev/vmlhr/lv01,Type=blockio,ScsiSN=22llvD-CacO-MOMA,ScsiId=22llvD-CacO-MOMA,IOMode=wt         Lun 1 Path=/dev/vmlhr/lv02,Type=blockio,ScsiSN=BgLpy9-u7PH-csDC,ScsiId=BgLpy9-u7PH-csDC,IOMode=wt         Lun 2 Path=/dev/vmlhr/lv03,Type=blockio,ScsiSN=38KsSC-REKL-yPgW,ScsiId=38KsSC-REKL-yPgW,IOMode=wt         Lun 3 Path=/dev/vmlhr/lv04,Type=blockio,ScsiSN=aN5blo-NyMp-L4Jl,ScsiId=aN5blo-NyMp-L4Jl,IOMode=wt     [[email protected] ~]# ps -ef|grep iscsi root       937     2  0 01:01 ?        00:00:00 [iscsi_eh] root       946     1  0 01:01 ?        00:00:00 iscsid root       947     1  0 01:01 ?        00:00:00 iscsid root     13827  1217  0 02:43 pts/1    00:00:00 grep iscsi [[email protected] ~]# cat /proc/net/iet/volume tid:1 name:iqn.2006-01.com.openfiler:tsn.5e423e1e4d90         lun:0 state:0 iotype:blockio iomode:wt path:/dev/vmlhr/lv01         lun:1 state:0 iotype:blockio iomode:wt path:/dev/vmlhr/lv02         lun:2 state:0 iotype:blockio iomode:wt path:/dev/vmlhr/lv03         lun:3 state:0 iotype:blockio iomode:wt path:/dev/vmlhr/lv04 [[email protected] ~]# cat /proc/net/iet/session tid:1 name:iqn.2006-01.com.openfiler:tsn.5e423e1e4d90 [[email protected] ~]#

 

3.1.2  iSCSI initiator

3.1.2.1  安装iSCSI initiator

RAC的2个节点分别安装iSCSI initiator。

[[email protected] ~]# rpm -qa|grep iscsi iscsi-initiator-utils-6.2.0.873-10.el6.x86_64 [[email protected] ~]#

 

若未安装可使用yum install iscsi-initiator-utils*进行安装。

 

3.1.2.2  iscsiadm

iscsi initiator主要通过iscsiadm命令管理，我们先查看提供服务的iscsi target机器上有哪些target:

[[email protected] ~]# iscsiadm --mode discovery --type sendtargets --portal 192.168.59.200 [  OK  ] iscsid: [  OK  ] 192.168.59.200:3260,1 iqn.2006-01.com.openfiler:tsn.5e423e1e4d90 192.168.2.200:3260,1 iqn.2006-01.com.openfiler:tsn.5e423e1e4d90 [[email protected] ~]# ps -ef|grep iscsi root      2619     2  0 11:32 ?        00:00:00 [iscsi_eh] root      2651     1  0 11:32 ?        00:00:00 iscsiuio root      2658     1  0 11:32 ?        00:00:00 iscsid root      2659     1  0 11:32 ?        00:00:00 iscsid root      2978 56098  0 11:33 pts/1    00:00:00 grep iscsi [[email protected] ~]#

 

到这一步就可以看出，你服务端创建的iSCSI Target 的编号和名称。这条命令只需记住-p后面跟iSCSI服务的地址就行了，也可以是主机名，都可以！3260是服务的端口号，默认的！

然后就可以登陆某个target了，登陆成功某个target后，这个target下的硬盘也就都共享过来了：

[[email protected] ~]# fdisk -l | grep dev Disk /dev/sda: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes /dev/sda1   *           1          26      204800   83  Linux /dev/sda2              26        1332    10485760   8e  Linux LVM /dev/sda3            1332        2611    10279936   8e  Linux LVM Disk /dev/sdb: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes /dev/sdb1               1        1306    10485760   8e  Linux LVM /dev/sdb2            1306        2611    10485760   8e  Linux LVM /dev/sdb3            2611        3917    10485760   8e  Linux LVM /dev/sdb4            3917       13055    73399296    5  Extended /dev/sdb5            3917        5222    10485760   8e  Linux LVM /dev/sdb6            5223        6528    10485760   8e  Linux LVM /dev/sdb7            6528        7834    10485760   8e  Linux LVM /dev/sdb8            7834        9139    10485760   8e  Linux LVM /dev/sdb9            9139       10445    10485760   8e  Linux LVM /dev/sdb10          10445       11750    10485760   8e  Linux LVM /dev/sdb11          11750       13055    10477568   8e  Linux LVM Disk /dev/sde: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes Disk /dev/sdc: 6442 MB, 6442450944 bytes Disk /dev/sdd: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes Disk /dev/mapper/vg_rootlhr-Vol02: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes Disk /dev/mapper/vg_rootlhr-Vol00: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes Disk /dev/mapper/vg_orasoft-lv_orasoft_u01: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes Disk /dev/mapper/vg_orasoft-lv_orasoft_soft: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes Disk /dev/mapper/vg_rootlhr-Vol01: 3221 MB, 3221225472 bytes Disk /dev/mapper/vg_rootlhr-Vol03: 3221 MB, 3221225472 bytes [[email protected] ~]# iscsiadm --mode node --targetname iqn.2006-01.com.openfiler:tsn.5e423e1e4d90 –portal 192.168.59.200:3260 --login Logging in to [iface: default, target: iqn.2006-01.com.openfiler:tsn.5e423e1e4d90, portal: 192.168.59.200,3260] (multiple) Logging in to [iface: default, target: iqn.2006-01.com.openfiler:tsn.5e423e1e4d90, portal: 192.168.2.200,3260] (multiple) Login to [iface: default, target: iqn.2006-01.com.openfiler:tsn.5e423e1e4d90, portal: 192.168.59.200,3260] successful. Login to [iface: default, target: iqn.2006-01.com.openfiler:tsn.5e423e1e4d90, portal: 192.168.2.200,3260] successful. [[email protected] ~]# [[email protected] ~]# fdisk -l | grep dev Disk /dev/sda: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes /dev/sda1   *           1          26      204800   83  Linux /dev/sda2              26        1332    10485760   8e  Linux LVM /dev/sda3            1332        2611    10279936   8e  Linux LVM Disk /dev/sdb: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes /dev/sdb1               1        1306    10485760   8e  Linux LVM /dev/sdb2            1306        2611    10485760   8e  Linux LVM /dev/sdb3            2611        3917    10485760   8e  Linux LVM /dev/sdb4            3917       13055    73399296    5  Extended /dev/sdb5            3917        5222    10485760   8e  Linux LVM /dev/sdb6            5223        6528    10485760   8e  Linux LVM /dev/sdb7            6528        7834    10485760   8e  Linux LVM /dev/sdb8            7834        9139    10485760   8e  Linux LVM /dev/sdb9            9139       10445    10485760   8e  Linux LVM /dev/sdb10          10445       11750    10485760   8e  Linux LVM /dev/sdb11          11750       13055    10477568   8e  Linux LVM Disk /dev/sde: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes Disk /dev/sdc: 6442 MB, 6442450944 bytes Disk /dev/sdd: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes Disk /dev/mapper/vg_rootlhr-Vol02: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes Disk /dev/mapper/vg_rootlhr-Vol00: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes Disk /dev/mapper/vg_orasoft-lv_orasoft_u01: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes Disk /dev/mapper/vg_orasoft-lv_orasoft_soft: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes Disk /dev/mapper/vg_rootlhr-Vol01: 3221 MB, 3221225472 bytes Disk /dev/mapper/vg_rootlhr-Vol03: 3221 MB, 3221225472 bytes Disk /dev/sdf: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes Disk /dev/sdi: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes Disk /dev/sdh: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes Disk /dev/sdl: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes Disk /dev/sdj: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes Disk /dev/sdg: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes Disk /dev/sdk: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes Disk /dev/sdm: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes

 

这里多出了8块盘，在openfiler中只map了四次，为什么这里是8块而不是4块呢？因为openfiler有2块网卡，使用两个IP登录两次iscsi target，所以这里有两块是重复的

要查看各个iscsi的信息：

# iscsiadm -m session -P 3

[[email protected] ~]# [[email protected] ~]# iscsiadm -m session -P 3 iSCSI Transport Class version 2.0-870 version 6.2.0-873.10.el6 Target: iqn.2006-01.com.openfiler:tsn.5e423e1e4d90         Current Portal: 192.168.59.200:3260,1         Persistent Portal: 192.168.59.200:3260,1                 **********                 Interface:                 **********                 Iface Name: default                 Iface Transport: tcp                 Iface Initiatorname: iqn.1994-05.com.redhat:61d32512355                 Iface IPaddress: 192.168.59.160                 Iface HWaddress:                 Iface Netdev:                 SID: 1                 iSCSI Connection State: LOGGED IN                 iSCSI Session State: LOGGED_IN                 Internal iscsid Session State: NO CHANGE                 *********                 Timeouts:                 *********                 Recovery Timeout: 120                 Target Reset Timeout: 30                 LUN Reset Timeout: 30                 Abort Timeout: 15                 *****                 CHAP:                 *****                 username:                 password: ********                 username_in:                 password_in: ********                 ************************                 Negotiated iSCSI params:                 ************************                 HeaderDigest: None                 DataDigest: None                 MaxRecvDataSegmentLength: 262144                 MaxXmitDataSegmentLength: 131072                 FirstBurstLength: 262144                 MaxBurstLength: 262144                 ImmediateData: No                 InitialR2T: Yes                 MaxOutstandingR2T: 1                 ************************                 Attached SCSI devices:                 ************************                 Host Number: 4  State: running                 scsi4 Channel 00 Id 0 Lun: 0                         Attached scsi disk sdg          State: running                 scsi4 Channel 00 Id 0 Lun: 1                         Attached scsi disk sdj          State: running                 scsi4 Channel 00 Id 0 Lun: 2                         Attached scsi disk sdk          State: running                 scsi4 Channel 00 Id 0 Lun: 3                         Attached scsi disk sdm          State: running         Current Portal: 192.168.2.200:3260,1         Persistent Portal: 192.168.2.200:3260,1                 **********                 Interface:                 **********                 Iface Name: default                 Iface Transport: tcp                 Iface Initiatorname: iqn.1994-05.com.redhat:61d32512355                 Iface IPaddress: 192.168.2.100                 Iface HWaddress:                 Iface Netdev:                 SID: 2                 iSCSI Connection State: LOGGED IN                 iSCSI Session State: LOGGED_IN                 Internal iscsid Session State: NO CHANGE                 *********                 Timeouts:                 *********                 Recovery Timeout: 120                 Target Reset Timeout: 30                 LUN Reset Timeout: 30                 Abort Timeout: 15                 *****                 CHAP:                 *****                 username:                 password: ********                 username_in:                 password_in: ********                 ************************                 Negotiated iSCSI params:                 ************************                 HeaderDigest: None                 DataDigest: None                 MaxRecvDataSegmentLength: 262144                 MaxXmitDataSegmentLength: 131072                 FirstBurstLength: 262144                 MaxBurstLength: 262144                 ImmediateData: No                 InitialR2T: Yes                 MaxOutstandingR2T: 1                 ************************                 Attached SCSI devices:                 ************************                 Host Number: 5  State: running                 scsi5 Channel 00 Id 0 Lun: 0                         Attached scsi disk sdf          State: running                 scsi5 Channel 00 Id 0 Lun: 1                         Attached scsi disk sdh          State: running                 scsi5 Channel 00 Id 0 Lun: 2                         Attached scsi disk sdi          State: running                 scsi5 Channel 00 Id 0 Lun: 3                         Attached scsi disk sdl          State: running [[email protected] ~]#

登陆之后要对新磁盘进行分区，格式化，然后在挂载即可

完成这些命令后，iscsi initator会把这些信息记录到/var/lib/iscsi目录下：

/var/lib/iscsi/send_targets记录了各个target的情况，/var/lib/iscsi/nodes记录了各个target下的nodes情况。下次再启动iscsi initator时（service iscsi start)，就会自动登陆各个target上。如果想让重新手工登陆各个target，需要把/var/lib/iscsi/send_targets目录下的内容和/var/lib/iscsi/nodes下的内容全部删除掉。

3.2  多路径multipath

3.2.1  RAC的2个节点上分别安装multipath软件

1、安装多路径软件包：

[[email protected] ~]# mount /dev/sr0 /media/lhr/cdrom/ mount: block device /dev/sr0 is write-protected, mounting read-only [[email protected] ~]# cd /media/lhr/cdrom/Packages/ [[email protected] Packages]# ll device-mapper-*.x86_64.rpm -r--r--r-- 104 root root  168424 Oct 30  2013 device-mapper-1.02.79-8.el6.x86_64.rpm -r--r--r-- 104 root root  118316 Oct 30  2013 device-mapper-event-1.02.79-8.el6.x86_64.rpm -r--r--r-- 104 root root  112892 Oct 30  2013 device-mapper-event-libs-1.02.79-8.el6.x86_64.rpm -r--r--r-- 104 root root  199924 Oct 30  2013 device-mapper-libs-1.02.79-8.el6.x86_64.rpm -r--r--r--  95 root root  118892 Oct 25  2013 device-mapper-multipath-0.4.9-72.el6.x86_64.rpm -r--r--r--  95 root root  184760 Oct 25  2013 device-mapper-multipath-libs-0.4.9-72.el6.x86_64.rpm -r--r--r--  96 root root 2444388 Oct 30  2013 device-mapper-persistent-data-0.2.8-2.el6.x86_64.rpm [[email protected] Packages]# ll iscsi* -r--r--r-- 101 root root 702300 Oct 29  2013 iscsi-initiator-utils-6.2.0.873-10.el6.x86_64.rpm [[email protected] Packages]# rpm -qa|grep device-mapper device-mapper-persistent-data-0.2.8-2.el6.x86_64 device-mapper-1.02.79-8.el6.x86_64 device-mapper-event-libs-1.02.79-8.el6.x86_64 device-mapper-event-1.02.79-8.el6.x86_64 device-mapper-libs-1.02.79-8.el6.x86_64 [[email protected] Packages]# rpm -ivh device-mapper-1.02.79-8.el6.x86_64.rpm warning: device-mapper-1.02.79-8.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID fd431d51: NOKEY Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]         package device-mapper-1.02.79-8.el6.x86_64 is already installed [[email protected] Packages]# rpm -ivh device-mapper-event-1.02.79-8.el6.x86_64.rpm warning: device-mapper-event-1.02.79-8.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID fd431d51: NOKEY Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]         package device-mapper-event-1.02.79-8.el6.x86_64 is already installed [[email protected] Packages]# rpm -ivh device-mapper-multipath-0.4.9-72.el6.x86_64.rpm warning: device-mapper-multipath-0.4.9-72.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID fd431d51: NOKEY error: Failed dependencies:         device-mapper-multipath-libs = 0.4.9-72.el6 is needed by device-mapper-multipath-0.4.9-72.el6.x86_64         libmpathpersist.so.0()(64bit) is needed by device-mapper-multipath-0.4.9-72.el6.x86_64         libmultipath.so()(64bit) is needed by device-mapper-multipath-0.4.9-72.el6.x86_64 [[email protected] Packages]# rpm -ivh device-mapper-multipath-libs-0.4.9-72.el6.x86_64.rpm warning: device-mapper-multipath-libs-0.4.9-72.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID fd431d51: NOKEY Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]    1:device-mapper-multipath########################################### [100%] [[email protected] Packages]# rpm -ivh device-mapper-multipath-0.4.9-72.el6.x86_64.rpm    warning: device-mapper-multipath-0.4.9-72.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID fd431d51: NOKEY Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]    1:device-mapper-multipath########################################### [100%] [[email protected] Packages]# rpm -qa|grep device-mapper device-mapper-multipath-0.4.9-72.el6.x86_64 device-mapper-persistent-data-0.2.8-2.el6.x86_64 device-mapper-1.02.79-8.el6.x86_64 device-mapper-event-libs-1.02.79-8.el6.x86_64 device-mapper-event-1.02.79-8.el6.x86_64 device-mapper-multipath-libs-0.4.9-72.el6.x86_64 device-mapper-libs-1.02.79-8.el6.x86_64 [[email protected] Packages]#

 

rpm -ivh device-mapper-multipath-libs-0.4.9-72.el6.x86_64.rpm rpm -ivh device-mapper-multipath-0.4.9-72.el6.x86_64.rpm

 

 

3.2.2  启动multipath

将多路径软件添加至内核模块中

modprobe dm-multipath modprobe dm-round-robin

检查内核添加情况

[[email protected] Packages]# lsmod |grep multipath dm_multipath           17724  1 dm_round_robin dm_mod                 84209  16 dm_multipath,dm_mirror,dm_log [[email protected] Packages]#

 

将多路径软件multipath设置为开机自启动

[[email protected] Packages]# chkconfig  --level 2345 multipathd on [[email protected] Packages]# [[email protected] Packages]# chkconfig  --list|grep multipathd multipathd      0:off   1:off   2:on    3:on    4:on    5:on    6:off [[email protected] Packages]#

 

启动multipath服务

[[email protected] Packages]# service multipathd restart ux_socket_connect: No such file or directory Stopping multipathd daemon: [FAILED] Starting multipathd daemon: [  OK  ] [[email protected] Packages]#

 

3.2.3  配置多路径软件/etc/multipath.conf

1、配置multipath软件，编辑/etc/multipath.conf

   注意:默认情况下，/etc/multipath.conf是不存在的，需要用如下命令生成multipath.conf文件:

/sbin/mpathconf --enable --find_multipaths y --with_module y --with_chkconfig y

[[email protected]1 ~]# multipath -ll Jan 23 12:52:54 | /etc/multipath.conf does not exist, blacklisting all devices. Jan 23 12:52:54 | A sample multipath.conf file is located at Jan 23 12:52:54 | /usr/share/doc/device-mapper-multipath-0.4.9/multipath.conf Jan 23 12:52:54 | You can run /sbin/mpathconf to create or modify /etc/multipath.conf [[email protected]1 ~]# multipath -ll Jan 23 12:53:49 | /etc/multipath.conf does not exist, blacklisting all devices. Jan 23 12:53:49 | A sample multipath.conf file is located at Jan 23 12:53:49 | /usr/share/doc/device-mapper-multipath-0.4.9/multipath.conf Jan 23 12:53:49 | You can run /sbin/mpathconf to create or modify /etc/multipath.conf [[email protected]1 ~]# /sbin/mpathconf --enable --find_multipaths y --with_module y --with_chkconfig y [[email protected]1 ~]# [[email protected]1 ~]# ll /etc/multipath.conf -rw------- 1 root root 2775 Jan 23 12:55 /etc/multipath.conf [[email protected]1 ~]#

 

 

2、查看并获取存储分配给服务器的逻辑盘lun的wwid信息

[[email protected] multipath]# multipath -v0 [[email protected] multipath]# more /etc/multipath/wwids # Multipath wwids, Version : 1.0 # NOTE: This file is automatically maintained by multipath and multipathd. # You should not need to edit this file in normal circumstances. # # Valid WWIDs: /14f504e46494c455232326c6c76442d4361634f2d4d4f4d41/ /14f504e46494c455242674c7079392d753750482d63734443/ /14f504e46494c455233384b7353432d52454b4c2d79506757/ /14f504e46494c4552614e35626c6f2d4e794d702d4c344a6c/ [[email protected] multipath]#

 

将文件/etc/multipath/wwids和/etc/multipath/bindings的内容覆盖节点2：

[[email protected] ~]# multipath -v0 [[email protected] ~]# more /etc/multipath/wwids # Multipath wwids, Version : 1.0 # NOTE: This file is automatically maintained by multipath and multipathd. # You should not need to edit this file in normal circumstances. # # Valid WWIDs: /14f504e46494c455232326c6c76442d4361634f2d4d4f4d41/ /14f504e46494c455242674c7079392d753750482d63734443/ /14f504e46494c455233384b7353432d52454b4c2d79506757/ /14f504e46494c4552614e35626c6f2d4e794d702d4c344a6c/ [[email protected] ~]# more /etc/multipath/bindings # Multipath bindings, Version : 1.0 # NOTE: this file is automatically maintained by the multipath program. # You should not need to edit this file in normal circumstances. # # Format: # alias wwid # mpatha 14f504e46494c455232326c6c76442d4361634f2d4d4f4d41 mpathb 14f504e46494c455242674c7079392d753750482d63734443 mpathc 14f504e46494c455233384b7353432d52454b4c2d79506757 mpathd 14f504e46494c4552614e35626c6f2d4e794d702d4c344a6c [[email protected] ~]#

 

 

[[email protected] ~]# [[email protected] multipath]# multipath -ll mpathd (14f504e46494c4552614e35626c6f2d4e794d702d4c344a6c) dm-9 OPNFILER,VIRTUAL-DISK size=10G features=‘0‘ hwhandler=‘0‘ wp=rw |-+- policy=‘round-robin 0‘ prio=1 status=active | `- 5:0:0:3 sdk 8:160 active ready running `-+- policy=‘round-robin 0‘ prio=1 status=enabled   `- 4:0:0:3 sdm 8:192 active ready running mpathc (14f504e46494c455233384b7353432d52454b4c2d79506757) dm-8 OPNFILER,VIRTUAL-DISK size=10G features=‘0‘ hwhandler=‘0‘ wp=rw |-+- policy=‘round-robin 0‘ prio=1 status=active | `- 5:0:0:2 sdj 8:144 active ready running `-+- policy=‘round-robin 0‘ prio=1 status=enabled   `- 4:0:0:2 sdl 8:176 active ready running mpathb (14f504e46494c455242674c7079392d753750482d63734443) dm-7 OPNFILER,VIRTUAL-DISK size=10G features=‘0‘ hwhandler=‘0‘ wp=rw |-+- policy=‘round-robin 0‘ prio=1 status=active | `- 4:0:0:1 sdh 8:112 active ready running `-+- policy=‘round-robin 0‘ prio=1 status=enabled   `- 5:0:0:1 sdi 8:128 active ready running mpatha (14f504e46494c455232326c6c76442d4361634f2d4d4f4d41) dm-6 OPNFILER,VIRTUAL-DISK size=10G features=‘0‘ hwhandler=‘0‘ wp=rw |-+- policy=‘round-robin 0‘ prio=1 status=active | `- 4:0:0:0 sdf 8:80  active ready running `-+- policy=‘round-robin 0‘ prio=1 status=enabled   `- 5:0:0:0 sdg 8:96  active ready running [[email protected] multipath]# fdisk -l | grep dev Disk /dev/sda: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes /dev/sda1   *           1          26      204800   83  Linux /dev/sda2              26        1332    10485760   8e  Linux LVM /dev/sda3            1332        2611    10279936   8e  Linux LVM Disk /dev/sdb: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes /dev/sdb1               1        1306    10485760   8e  Linux LVM /dev/sdb2            1306        2611    10485760   8e  Linux LVM /dev/sdb3            2611        3917    10485760   8e  Linux LVM /dev/sdb4            3917       13055    73399296    5  Extended /dev/sdb5            3917        5222    10485760   8e  Linux LVM /dev/sdb6            5223        6528    10485760   8e  Linux LVM /dev/sdb7            6528        7834    10485760   8e  Linux LVM /dev/sdb8            7834        9139    10485760   8e  Linux LVM /dev/sdb9            9139       10445    10485760   8e  Linux LVM /dev/sdb10          10445       11750    10485760   8e  Linux LVM /dev/sdb11          11750       13055    10477568   8e  Linux LVM Disk /dev/sdc: 6442 MB, 6442450944 bytes Disk /dev/sdd: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes Disk /dev/sde: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes Disk /dev/mapper/vg_rootlhr-Vol02: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes Disk /dev/mapper/vg_rootlhr-Vol00: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes Disk /dev/mapper/vg_orasoft-lv_orasoft_u01: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes Disk /dev/mapper/vg_orasoft-lv_orasoft_soft: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes Disk /dev/mapper/vg_rootlhr-Vol01: 3221 MB, 3221225472 bytes Disk /dev/mapper/vg_rootlhr-Vol03: 3221 MB, 3221225472 bytes Disk /dev/sdf: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes Disk /dev/sdg: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes Disk /dev/sdh: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes Disk /dev/sdi: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes Disk /dev/sdj: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes Disk /dev/sdk: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes Disk /dev/sdl: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes Disk /dev/sdm: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes Disk /dev/mapper/mpatha: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes Disk /dev/mapper/mpathb: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes Disk /dev/mapper/mpathc: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes Disk /dev/mapper/mpathd: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes [[email protected] multipath]#

 

3.2.4  编辑/etc/multipath.conf

for i in f g h i j k l m ; do echo "KERNEL==\\"sd*\\", BUS==\\"scsi\\", PROGRAM==\\"/sbin/scsi_id --whitelisted  --device=/dev/\\$name\\",RESULT==\\"`scsi_id --whitelisted  --device=/dev/sd$i`\\",NAME=\\"asm-disk$i\\",OWNER=\\"grid\\",GROUP=\\"asmadmin\\",MODE=\\"0660\\"" done

 

[[email protected] multipath]# for i in f g h i j k l m ; > do > echo "KERNEL==\\"sd*\\", BUS==\\"scsi\\", PROGRAM==\\"/sbin/scsi_id --whitelisted  --device=/dev/\\$name\\",RESULT==\\"`scsi_id --whitelisted  --device=/dev/sd$i`\\",NAME=\\"asm-disk$i\\",OWNER=\\"grid\\",GROUP=\\"asmadmin\\",MODE=\\"0660\\"" > done KERNEL=="sd*", BUS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi_id --whitelisted  --device=/dev/$name",RESULT=="14f504e46494c455232326c6c76442d4361634f2d4d4f4d41",NAME="asm-diskf",OWNER="grid",GROUP="asmadmin",MODE="0660" KERNEL=="sd*", BUS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi_id --whitelisted  --device=/dev/$name",RESULT=="14f504e46494c455232326c6c76442d4361634f2d4d4f4d41",NAME="asm-diskg",OWNER="grid",GROUP="asmadmin",MODE="0660" KERNEL=="sd*", BUS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi_id --whitelisted  --device=/dev/$name",RESULT=="14f504e46494c455242674c7079392d753750482d63734443",NAME="asm-diskh",OWNER="grid",GROUP="asmadmin",MODE="0660" KERNEL=="sd*", BUS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi_id --whitelisted  --device=/dev/$name",RESULT=="14f504e46494c455242674c7079392d753750482d63734443",NAME="asm-diski",OWNER="grid",GROUP="asmadmin",MODE="0660" KERNEL=="sd*", BUS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi_id --whitelisted  --device=/dev/$name",RESULT=="14f504e46494c455233384b7353432d52454b4c2d79506757",NAME="asm-diskj",OWNER="grid",GROUP="asmadmin",MODE="0660" KERNEL=="sd*", BUS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi_id --whitelisted  --device=/dev/$name",RESULT=="14f504e46494c4552614e35626c6f2d4e794d702d4c344a6c",NAME="asm-diskk",OWNER="grid",GROUP="asmadmin",MODE="0660" KERNEL=="sd*", BUS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi_id --whitelisted  --device=/dev/$name",RESULT=="14f504e46494c455233384b7353432d52454b4c2d79506757",NAME="asm-diskl",OWNER="grid",GROUP="asmadmin",MODE="0660" KERNEL=="sd*", BUS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi_id --whitelisted  --device=/dev/$name",RESULT=="14f504e46494c4552614e35626c6f2d4e794d702d4c344a6c",NAME="asm-diskm",OWNER="grid",GROUP="asmadmin",MODE="0660" [[email protected] multipath]# [[email protected] multipath]# more   /etc/multipath.conf defaults {         find_multipaths yes         user_friendly_names yes }   blacklist {       wwid 3600508b1001c5ae72efe1fea025cd2e5       devnode "^hd[a-z]"       devnode "^sd[a-e]"       devnode "^sda" }   multipaths {        multipath {                wwid                    14f504e46494c455232326c6c76442d4361634f2d4d4f4d41                alias                   VMLHRStorage000                path_grouping_policy    multibus                path_selector           "round-robin 0"                failback                manual                rr_weight               priorities                no_path_retry           5       }        multipath {                wwid                    14f504e46494c455242674c7079392d753750482d63734443                alias                   VMLHRStorage001                path_grouping_policy    multibus                path_selector           "round-robin 0"                failback                manual                rr_weight               priorities                no_path_retry           5        }        multipath {                wwid                    14f504e46494c455233384b7353432d52454b4c2d79506757                alias                   VMLHRStorage002                path_grouping_policy    multibus                path_selector           "round-robin 0"                failback                manual                rr_weight               priorities                no_path_retry           5        }        multipath {                wwid                    14f504e46494c4552614e35626c6f2d4e794d702d4c344a6c                alias                   VMLHRStorage003                path_grouping_policy    multibus                path_selector           "round-robin 0"                failback                manual                rr_weight               priorities                no_path_retry           5        } } devices {        device {                vendor                  "VMWARE"                product                 "VIRTUAL-DISK"                path_grouping_policy    multibus                getuid_callout          "/lib/udev/scsi_id --whitelisted --device=/dev/%n"                path_checker            readsector0                path_selector           "round-robin 0"                hardware_handler        "0"                failback                15                rr_weight               priorities                no_path_retry           queue        } } [[email protected] multipath]#

 

 

启动multipath配置

[[email protected] ~]# service multipathd restart ok Stopping multipathd daemon: [  OK  ] Starting multipathd daemon: [  OK  ] [[email protected] ~]# multipath -ll VMLHRStorage003 (14f504e46494c4552614e35626c6f2d4e794d702d4c344a6c) dm-9 OPNFILER,VIRTUAL-DISK size=10G features=‘1 queue_if_no_path‘ hwhandler=‘0‘ wp=rw |-+- policy=‘round-robin 0‘ prio=1 status=active | `- 5:0:0:3 sdk 8:160 active ready running `-+- policy=‘round-robin 0‘ prio=1 status=enabled   `- 4:0:0:3 sdm 8:192 active ready running VMLHRStorage002 (14f504e46494c455233384b7353432d52454b4c2d79506757) dm-8 OPNFILER,VIRTUAL-DISK size=10G features=‘1 queue_if_no_path‘ hwhandler=‘0‘ wp=rw |-+- policy=‘round-robin 0‘ prio=1 status=active | `- 5:0:0:2 sdj 8:144 active ready running `-+- policy=‘round-robin 0‘ prio=1 status=enabled   `- 4:0:0:2 sdl 8:176 active ready running VMLHRStorage001 (14f504e46494c455242674c7079392d753750482d63734443) dm-7 OPNFILER,VIRTUAL-DISK size=10G features=‘1 queue_if_no_path‘ hwhandler=‘0‘ wp=rw |-+- policy=‘round-robin 0‘ prio=1 status=active | `- 4:0:0:1 sdh 8:112 active ready running `-+- policy=‘round-robin 0‘ prio=1 status=enabled   `- 5:0:0:1 sdi 8:128 active ready running VMLHRStorage000 (14f504e46494c455232326c6c76442d4361634f2d4d4f4d41) dm-6 OPNFILER,VIRTUAL-DISK size=10G features=‘1 queue_if_no_path‘ hwhandler=‘0‘ wp=rw |-+- policy=‘round-robin 0‘ prio=1 status=active | `- 4:0:0:0 sdf 8:80  active ready running `-+- policy=‘round-robin 0‘ prio=1 status=enabled   `- 5:0:0:0 sdg 8:96  active ready running [[email protected] ~]# [[email protected] ~]# multipath -ll|grep LHR VMLHRStorage003 (14f504e46494c4552614e35626c6f2d4e794d702d4c344a6c) dm-9 OPNFILER,VIRTUAL-DISK VMLHRStorage002 (14f504e46494c455233384b7353432d52454b4c2d79506757) dm-8 OPNFILER,VIRTUAL-DISK VMLHRStorage001 (14f504e46494c455242674c7079392d753750482d63734443) dm-7 OPNFILER,VIRTUAL-DISK VMLHRStorage000 (14f504e46494c455232326c6c76442d4361634f2d4d4f4d41) dm-6 OPNFILER,VIRTUAL-DISK [[email protected] ~]#

启用multipath配置后,会在/dev/mapper下生成多路径逻辑盘

[[email protected] ~]# cd /dev/mapper [[email protected] mapper]# ll total 0 crw-rw---- 1 root root 10, 58 Jan 23 12:49 control lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root      7 Jan 23 12:49 vg_orasoft-lv_orasoft_soft -> ../dm-3 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root      7 Jan 23 12:49 vg_orasoft-lv_orasoft_u01 -> ../dm-2 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root      7 Jan 23 12:50 vg_rootlhr-Vol00 -> ../dm-1 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root      7 Jan 23 12:50 vg_rootlhr-Vol01 -> ../dm-4 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root      7 Jan 23 12:49 vg_rootlhr-Vol02 -> ../dm-0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root      7 Jan 23 12:50 vg_rootlhr-Vol03 -> ../dm-5 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root      7 Jan 23 13:55 VMLHRStorage000 -> ../dm-6 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root      7 Jan 23 13:55 VMLHRStorage001 -> ../dm-7 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root      7 Jan 23 13:55 VMLHRStorage002 -> ../dm-8 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root      7 Jan 23 13:55 VMLHRStorage003 -> ../dm-9 [[email protected] mapper]#

至此，多路径multipath配置完成。

3.2.5  配置multipath设备的权限

在6.2之前配置multipath设备的权限只需要在设备配置里增加uid,gid,mode就可以

uid 1100 #uid

gid 1020 #gid

如：

multipath {                 wwid                    360050763008101d4e00000000000000a                 alias                   DATA03                 uid                     501                                               #uid                 gid                     501                                               #gid }

在6.2之后配置multipath配置文件里去掉uid,gid,mode这三个参数，需要使用udev使用,示例文件在/usr/share/doc/device-mapper-version中有一个模板文件,名为12-dm-permissions.rules,您可以使用它并将其放在 /etc/udev/rules.d 目录中使其生效。

[[email protected] rules.d]# ll /usr/share/doc/device-mapper-1.02.79/12-dm-permissions.rules -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 3186 Aug 13  2013 /usr/share/doc/device-mapper-1.02.79/12-dm-permissions.rules [[email protected] rules.d]# [[email protected] rules.d]# ll total 24 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root  77 Jan 23 18:06 12-dm-permissions.rules -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 190 Jan 23 15:40 55-usm.rules -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 549 Jan 23 15:17 70-persistent-cd.rules -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 585 Jan 23 15:09 70-persistent-net.rules -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 633 Jan 23 15:46 99-oracle-asmdevices.rules -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 916 Jan 23 15:16 99-oracleasm.rules [[email protected] rules.d]# more /etc/udev/rules.d/12-dm-permissions.rules ENV{DM_NAME}=="VMLHRStorage*", OWNER:="grid", GROUP:="asmadmin", MODE:="660" [[email protected] rules.d]#

 

将文件/etc/udev/rules.d/12-dm-permissions.rules复制到节点2上。

 

3.2.6  配置udev规则

脚本如下所示：

for i in f g h i j k l m ; do echo "KERNEL==\\"dm-*\\", BUS==\\"block\\", PROGRAM==\\"/sbin/scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/\\$name\\",RESULT==\\"`scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/sd$i`\\",NAME=\\"asm-disk$i\\",OWNER=\\"grid\\",GROUP=\\"asmadmin\\",MODE=\\"0660\\"" >> /etc/udev/rules.d/99-oracleasm.rules done

 

由于多路径的设置WWID有重复，所以应该去掉文件/etc/udev/rules.d/99-oracleasm.rules中的重复的行。

在节点1执行以下操作：

[[email protected] rules.d]# for i in f g h i j k l m ; > do > echo "KERNEL==\\"dm-*\\", BUS==\\"block\\", PROGRAM==\\"/sbin/scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/\\$name\\",RESULT==\\"`scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/sd$i`\\",NAME=\\"asm-disk$i\\",OWNER=\\"grid\\",GROUP=\\"asmadmin\\",MODE=\\"0660\\"" >> /etc/udev/rules.d/99-oracleasm.rules > done

 

打开文件/etc/udev/rules.d/99-oracleasm.rules，去掉WWID重复的行只保留一行即可。

[[email protected] ~]# cat /etc/udev/rules.d/99-oracleasm.rules KERNEL=="dm-*", BUS=="block", PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/$name",RESULT=="14f504e46494c455232326c6c76442d4361634f2d4d4f4d41",NAME="asm-diskf",OWNER="grid",GROUP="asmadmin",MODE="0660" KERNEL=="dm-*", BUS=="block", PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/$name",RESULT=="14f504e46494c455242674c7079392d753750482d63734443",NAME="asm-diskh",OWNER="grid",GROUP="asmadmin",MODE="0660" KERNEL=="dm-*", BUS=="block", PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/$name",RESULT=="14f504e46494c455233384b7353432d52454b4c2d79506757",NAME="asm-diskj",OWNER="grid",GROUP="asmadmin",MODE="0660" KERNEL=="dm-*", BUS=="block", PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/$name",RESULT=="14f504e46494c4552614e35626c6f2d4e794d702d4c344a6c",NAME="asm-diskk",OWNER="grid",GROUP="asmadmin",MODE="0660" [[email protected] ~]#

 

将文件/etc/udev/rules.d/99-oracleasm.rules的内容拷贝到节点2，然后重启udev。

[[email protected] ~]# start_udev Starting udev: [  OK  ] [[email protected] ~]# [[email protected] ~]# ll /dev/asm-* brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin   8, 32 Jan 23 15:50 /dev/asm-diskc brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin   8, 48 Jan 23 15:48 /dev/asm-diskd brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin   8, 64 Jan 23 15:48 /dev/asm-diske brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 253,  7 Jan 23 15:46 /dev/asm-diskf brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 253,  9 Jan 23 15:46 /dev/asm-diskh brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 253,  6 Jan 23 15:46 /dev/asm-diskj brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 253,  8 Jan 23 15:46 /dev/asm-diskk [[email protected] ~]# [[email protected]1 ~]$ $ORACLE_HOME/bin/kfod disks=all s=true ds=true -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Disk          Size Header    Path                                     Disk Group   User     Group   ================================================================================    1:       6144 Mb MEMBER    /dev/asm-diskc                           OCR          grid     asmadmin    2:      10240 Mb MEMBER    /dev/asm-diskd                           DATA         grid     asmadmin    3:      10240 Mb MEMBER    /dev/asm-diske                           FRA          grid     asmadmin    4:      10240 Mb CANDIDATE /dev/asm-diskf                           #            grid     asmadmin    5:      10240 Mb CANDIDATE /dev/asm-diskh                           #            grid     asmadmin    6:      10240 Mb CANDIDATE /dev/asm-diskj                           #            grid     asmadmin    7:      10240 Mb CANDIDATE /dev/asm-diskk                           #            grid     asmadmin -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ORACLE_SID ORACLE_HOME                                                          ================================================================================      +ASM2 /u01/app/12.1.0/grid                                                                 +ASM1 /u01/app/12.1.0/grid                                                            [[email protected]1 ~]$ asmcmd   ASMCMD> lsdg State    Type    Rebal  Sector  Block       AU  Total_MB  Free_MB  Req_mir_free_MB  Usable_file_MB  Offline_disks  Voting_files  Name MOUNTED  EXTERN  N         512   4096  1048576     10240     6487                0            6487              0             N  DATA/ MOUNTED  EXTERN  N         512   4096  1048576     10240    10144                0           10144              0             N  FRA/ MOUNTED  EXTERN  N         512   4096  1048576      6144     1672                0            1672              0             Y  OCR/ ASMCMD> lsdsk Path /dev/asm-diskc /dev/asm-diskd /dev/asm-diske ASMCMD>  lsdsk --candidate -p Group_Num  Disk_Num      Incarn  Mount_Stat  Header_Stat  Mode_Stat  State   Path         0         1           0  CLOSED      CANDIDATE    ONLINE     NORMAL  /dev/asm-diskf         0         3           0  CLOSED      CANDIDATE    ONLINE     NORMAL  /dev/asm-diskh         0         2           0  CLOSED      CANDIDATE    ONLINE     NORMAL  /dev/asm-diskj         0         0           0  CLOSED      CANDIDATE    ONLINE     NORMAL  /dev/asm-diskk ASMCMD>

 

3.3  利用新磁盘创建磁盘组

CREATE DISKGROUP FRA external redundancy DISK ‘/dev/asm-diskf‘,‘/dev/asm-diskh‘ ATTRIBUTE ‘compatible.rdbms‘ = ‘12.1‘, ‘compatible.asm‘ = ‘12.1‘;

SQL> select path from v$asm_disk;   PATH -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /dev/asm-diskk /dev/asm-diskf /dev/asm-diskj /dev/asm-diskh /dev/asm-diske /dev/asm-diskd /dev/asm-diskc   7 rows selected.   SQL> CREATE DISKGROUP TESTMUL external redundancy DISK ‘/dev/asm-diskf‘,‘/dev/asm-diskh‘ ATTRIBUTE ‘compatible.rdbms‘ = ‘12.1‘, ‘compatible.asm‘ = ‘12.1‘;   Diskgroup created.   SQL> ASMCMD> lsdg State    Type    Rebal  Sector  Block       AU  Total_MB  Free_MB  Req_mir_free_MB  Usable_file_MB  Offline_disks  Voting_files  Name MOUNTED  EXTERN  N         512   4096  1048576     10240     6487                0            6487              0             N  DATA/ MOUNTED  EXTERN  N         512   4096  1048576     10240    10144                0           10144              0             N  FRA/ MOUNTED  EXTERN  N         512   4096  1048576      6144     1672                0            1672              0             Y  OCR/ MOUNTED  EXTERN  N         512   4096  1048576     20480    20381                0           20381              0             N  TESTMUL/ ASMCMD>   [[email protected] ~]# crsctl stat res -t | grep -2 TESTMUL                ONLINE  ONLINE       raclhr-12cr1-n1          STABLE                ONLINE  ONLINE       raclhr-12cr1-n2          STABLE ora.TESTMUL.dg                ONLINE  ONLINE       raclhr-12cr1-n1          STABLE                ONLINE  ONLINE       raclhr-12cr1-n2          STABLE [[email protected] ~]#

 

3.3.1  测试磁盘组

[[email protected] ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba   SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.2.0 Production on Mon Jan 23 16:17:28 2017   Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle.  All rights reserved.     Connected to: Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.2.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Advanced Analytics and Real Application Testing options   SQL> create tablespace TESTMUL datafile ‘+TESTMUL‘ size 10M;   Tablespace created.   SQL> select name from v$datafile;   NAME -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- +DATA/LHRRAC/DATAFILE/system.258.933550527 +DATA/LHRRAC/DATAFILE/undotbs2.269.933551323 +DATA/LHRRAC/DATAFILE/sysaux.257.933550483 +DATA/LHRRAC/DATAFILE/undotbs1.260.933550575 +DATA/LHRRAC/DATAFILE/example.268.933550723 +DATA/LHRRAC/DATAFILE/users.259.933550573 +TESTMUL/LHRRAC/DATAFILE/testmul.256.934042679   7 rows selected.   SQL>

 

将存储停掉一块网卡eth1：

[[email protected] ~]# ip a 1: lo: <loopback,up,10000> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue     link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00     inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo     inet6 ::1/128 scope host        valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 2: eth0: <broadcast,multicast,up,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast qlen 1000     link/ether 00:0c:29:98:1a:cd brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff     inet 192.168.59.200/24 brd 192.168.59.255 scope global eth0     inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe98:1acd/64 scope link        valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 3: eth1: <broadcast,multicast,up,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast qlen 1000     link/ether 00:0c:29:98:1a:d7 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff     inet 192.168.2.200/24 brd 192.168.2.255 scope global eth1     inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe98:1ad7/64 scope link        valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever [[email protected] ~]# ifconfig eth1 down [[email protected] ~]# ip a 1: lo: <loopback,up,10000> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue     link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00     inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo     inet6 ::1/128 scope host        valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 2: eth0: <broadcast,multicast,up,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast qlen 1000     link/ether 00:0c:29:98:1a:cd brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff     inet 192.168.59.200/24 brd 192.168.59.255 scope global eth0     inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe98:1acd/64 scope link        valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 3: eth1: <broadcast,multicast> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast qlen 1000     link/ether 00:0c:29:98:1a:d7 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff     inet 192.168.2.200/24 brd 192.168.2.255 scope global eth1 [[email protected] ~]#

 

rac节点查看日志：

[[email protected] ~]# tail -f /var/log/messages Jan 23 16:20:51 raclhr-12cR1-N1 iscsid: connect to 192.168.2.200:3260 failed (No route to host) Jan 23 16:20:57 raclhr-12cR1-N1 iscsid: connect to 192.168.2.200:3260 failed (No route to host) Jan 23 16:21:03 raclhr-12cR1-N1 iscsid: connect to 192.168.2.200:3260 failed (No route to host) [[email protected] ~]# multipath -ll VMLHRStorage003 (14f504e46494c4552614e35626c6f2d4e794d702d4c344a6c) dm-8 OPNFILER,VIRTUAL-DISK size=10G features=‘1 queue_if_no_path‘ hwhandler=‘0‘ wp=rw `-+- policy=‘round-robin 0‘ prio=1 status=active   |- 5:0:0:3 sdm 8:192 failed faulty running   `- 4:0:0:3 sdl 8:176 active ready  running VMLHRStorage002 (14f504e46494c455233384b7353432d52454b4c2d79506757) dm-9 OPNFILER,VIRTUAL-DISK size=10G features=‘1 queue_if_no_path‘ hwhandler=‘0‘ wp=rw `-+- policy=‘round-robin 0‘ prio=1 status=active   |- 5:0:0:2 sdj 8:144 failed faulty running   `- 4:0:0:2 sdk 8:160 active ready  running VMLHRStorage001 (14f504e46494c455242674c7079392d753750482d63734443) dm-7 OPNFILER,VIRTUAL-DISK size=10G features=‘1 queue_if_no_path‘ hwhandler=‘0‘ wp=rw `-+- policy=‘round-robin 0‘ prio=1 status=active   |- 4:0:0:1 sdi 8:128 active ready  running   `- 5:0:0:1 sdh 8:112 failed faulty running VMLHRStorage000 (14f504e46494c455232326c6c76442d4361634f2d4d4f4d41) dm-6 OPNFILER,VIRTUAL-DISK size=10G features=‘1 queue_if_no_path‘ hwhandler=‘0‘ wp=rw `-+- policy=‘round-robin 0‘ prio=1 status=active   |- 4:0:0:0 sdf 8:80  active ready  running   `- 5:0:0:0 sdg 8:96  failed faulty running [[email protected] ~]#

表空间可以正常访问：

SQL> create table tt tablespace TESTMUL as select * from dual;   Table created.   SQL> select * from tt;   D - X   SQL>

同理，将eth1进行up，而将eth0宕掉，表空间依然正常。重启集群和存储后，集群一切正常。

第四章 测试多路径

重新搭建一套多路径的环境来测试多路径。

最简单的测试方法，是用dd往磁盘读写数据，然后用iostat观察各通道的流量和状态，以判断Failover或负载均衡方式是否正常：

# dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/mapper/mpath0

# iostat -k 2

[[email protected] ~]# multipath -ll VMLHRStorage003 (14f504e46494c4552674a61727a472d523449782d5336784e) dm-3 OPNFILER,VIRTUAL-DISK size=10G features=‘1 queue_if_no_path‘ hwhandler=‘0‘ wp=rw `-+- policy=‘round-robin 0‘ prio=1 status=active   |- 35:0:0:2 sdf 8:80  active ready running   `- 36:0:0:2 sdg 8:96  active ready running VMLHRStorage002 (14f504e46494c4552506a5a5954422d6f6f4e652d34423171) dm-2 OPNFILER,VIRTUAL-DISK size=10G features=‘1 queue_if_no_path‘ hwhandler=‘0‘ wp=rw `-+- policy=‘round-robin 0‘ prio=1 status=active   |- 35:0:0:3 sdh 8:112 active ready running   `- 36:0:0:3 sdi 8:128 active ready running VMLHRStorage001 (14f504e46494c4552324b583573332d774e5a622d696d7334) dm-1 OPNFILER,VIRTUAL-DISK size=10G features=‘1 queue_if_no_path‘ hwhandler=‘0‘ wp=rw `-+- policy=‘round-robin 0‘ prio=1 status=active   |- 35:0:0:1 sdd 8:48  active ready running   `- 36:0:0:1 sde 8:64  active ready running VMLHRStorage000 (14f504e46494c45523431576859532d643246412d5154564f) dm-0 OPNFILER,VIRTUAL-DISK size=10G features=‘1 queue_if_no_path‘ hwhandler=‘0‘ wp=rw `-+- policy=‘round-robin 0‘ prio=1 status=active   |- 35:0:0:0 sdb 8:16  active ready running   `- 36:0:0:0 sdc 8:32  active ready running [[email protected] ~]# dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/mapper/VMLHRStorage001

 

重新开一个窗口执行iostat -k 2可以看到：

avg-cpu:  %user   %nice %system %iowait  %steal   %idle            0.00    0.00    5.23   20.78    0.00   73.99   Device:            tps    kB_read/s    kB_wrtn/s    kB_read    kB_wrtn sda               9.00         0.00        92.00          0        184 scd0              0.00         0.00         0.00          0          0 sdb               0.00         0.00         0.00          0          0 sdc               0.00         0.00         0.00          0          0 sdd            1197.50      4704.00     10886.00       9408      21772 sde            1197.50      4708.00     10496.00       9416      20992 sdh               0.00         0.00         0.00          0          0 sdi               0.00         0.00         0.00          0          0 sdf               0.00         0.00         0.00          0          0 sdg               0.00         0.00         0.00          0          0 dm-0              0.00         0.00         0.00          0          0 dm-4              0.00         0.00         0.00          0          0 dm-10             0.00         0.00         0.00          0          0 dm-1           2395.00      9412.00     21382.00      18824      42764 dm-2              0.00         0.00         0.00          0          0 dm-3              0.00         0.00         0.00          0          0 dm-5              0.00         0.00         0.00          0          0 dm-6              0.00         0.00         0.00          0          0 dm-7              0.00         0.00         0.00          0          0 dm-8              0.00         0.00         0.00          0          0 dm-9              0.00         0.00         0.00          0          0

 

 

好了，有关使用OpenFiler来模拟存储配置RAC中ASM共享盘及多路径的测试就到此为止了，2016年结束了，今天是1月23日，明天是1月24日，小麦苗回家过年了，O(∩_∩)O~。

4.1  有关多路径其它理论知识

用multipath生成映射后，会在/dev目录下产生多个指向同一条链路的设备：

/dev/mapper/mpathn /dev/mpath/mpathn /dev/dm-n

但它们的来源是完全不同的：

/dev/mapper/mpathn 是multipath虚拟出来的多路径设备，我们应该使用这个设备；/dev/mapper 中的设备是在引导过程中生成的。可使用这些设备访问多路径设备，例如在生成逻辑卷时。

/dev/mpath/mpathn 是udev设备管理器创建的，实际上就是指向下面的dm-n设备，仅为了方便，不能用来挂载；提供 /dev/mpath 中的设备是为了方便，这样可在一个目录中看到所有多路径设备。这些设备是由 udev 设备管理器生成的，且在系统需要访问它们时不一定能启动。请不要使用这些设备生成逻辑卷或者文件系统。

/dev/dm-n 是软件内部自身使用的，不能被软件以外使用，不可挂载。所有 /dev/dm-n 格式的设备都只能是作为内部使用，且应该永远不要使用。

简单来说，就是我们应该使用/dev/mapper/下的设备符。对该设备即可用fdisk进行分区，或创建为pv。

 

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