Apache Commons Math3学习笔记 - 多项式曲线拟合(转)
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多项式曲线拟合:org.apache.commons.math3.fitting.PolynomialCurveFitter类。
用法示例代码:
- // ... 创建并初始化输入数据:
- double[] x = new double[...];
- double[] y = new double[...];
- 将原始的x-y数据序列合成带权重的观察点数据序列:
- WeightedObservedPoints points = new WeightedObservedPoints();
- // 将x-y数据元素调用points.add(x[i], y[i])加入到观察点序列中
- // ...
- PolynomialCurveFitter fitter = PolynomialCurveFitter.create(degree); // degree 指定多项式阶数
- double[] result = fitter.fit(points.toList()); // 曲线拟合,结果保存于双精度数组中,由常数项至最高次幂系数排列
首先要准备好待拟合的曲线数据x和y,这是两个double数组,然后把这两个数组合并到WeightedObservedPoints对象实例中,可以调用WeightedObservedPoints.add(x[i], y[i])将x和y序列中的数据逐个添加到观察点序列对象中。随后创建PolynomialCurveFitter对象,创建时要指定拟合多项式的阶数,注意阶数要选择适当,不是越高越好,否则拟合误差会很大。最后调用PolynomialCurveFitter的fit方法即可完成多项式曲线拟合,fit方法的参数通过WeightedObservedPoints.toList()获得。拟合结果通过一个double数组返回,按元素顺序依次是常数项、一次项、二次项、……。
完整的演示代码如下:
- interface TestCase
- {
- public Object run(List<Object> params) throws Exception;
- public List<Object> getParams();
- public void printResult(Object result);
- }
- class CalcCurveFitting implements TestCase
- {
- public CalcCurveFitting()
- {
- System.out.print("本算例用于计算多项式曲线拟合。正在初始化 计算数据(" + arrayLength + "点, " + degree + "阶)... ...");
- inputDataX = new double[arrayLength];
- // inputDataX = new double[] {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7};
- inputDataY = new double[inputDataX.length];
- double[] factor = new double[degree + 1]; // N阶多项式会有N+1个系数,其中之一为常数项
- for(int index = 0; index < factor.length; index ++)
- {
- factor[index] = index + 1;
- }
- for(int index = 0; index < inputDataY.length; index ++)
- {
- inputDataX[index] = index * 0.00001;
- inputDataY[index] = calcPoly(inputDataX[index], factor); // y = sum(x[n) * fact[n])
- // System.out.print(inputDataY[index] + ", ");
- }
- points = new WeightedObservedPoints();
- for(int index = 0; index < inputDataX.length; index ++)
- {
- points.add(inputDataX[index], inputDataY[index]);
- }
- System.out.println("初始化完成");
- }
- @Override
- public List<Object> getParams()
- {
- List<Object> params = new ArrayList<Object>();
- params.add(points);
- return params;
- }
- @Override
- public Object run(List<Object> params) throws Exception
- {
- PolynomialCurveFitter fitter = PolynomialCurveFitter.create(degree);
- WeightedObservedPoints points = (WeightedObservedPoints)params.get(0);
- double[] result = fitter.fit(points.toList());
- return result;
- }
- @Override
- public void printResult(Object result)
- {
- for(double data : (double[])result)
- {
- System.out.println(data);
- }
- }
- private double calcPoly(double x, double[] factor)
- {
- double y = 0;
- for(int deg = 0; deg < factor.length; deg ++)
- {
- y += Math.pow(x, deg) * factor[deg];
- }
- return y;
- }
- private double[] inputDataX = null;
- private double[] inputDataY = null;
- private WeightedObservedPoints points = null;
- private final int arrayLength = 200000;
- private final int degree = 5; // 阶数
- }
- public class TimeCostCalculator
- {
- public TimeCostCalculator()
- {
- }
- /**
- * 计算指定对象的运行时间开销。
- *
- * @param testCase 指定被测对象。
- * @return 返回sub.run的时间开销,单位为s。
- * @throws Exception
- */
- public double calcTimeCost(TestCase testCase) throws Exception
- {
- List<Object> params = testCase.getParams();
- long startTime = System.nanoTime();
- Object result = testCase.run(params);
- long stopTime = System.nanoTime();
- testCase.printResult(result);
- System.out.println("start: " + startTime + " / stop: " + stopTime);
- double timeCost = (stopTime - startTime) * 1.0e-9;
- return timeCost;
- }
- public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception
- {
- TimeCostCalculator tcc = new TimeCostCalculator();
- double timeCost;
- System.out.println("--------------------------------------------------------------------------");
- timeCost = tcc.calcTimeCost(new CalcCurveFitting());
- System.out.println("time cost is: " + timeCost + "s");
- System.out.println("--------------------------------------------------------------------------");
- }
- }
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