翻译在Mac上使用VSCode创建你的第一个Asp.Net Core应用

Posted 2020-08-28 脑洞的蜂蜜

Setting Up Your Development Environment

设置你的开发环境

To setup your development machine download and install .NET Core and Visual Studio Code with the C# extension. Node.js and npm is also required. If not already installed visit nodejs.org.

首先在你的机器上下载.Net Core和Visual Studio Code和相应的 C#扩展插件。Node.js和npm也是必须的，如果你的机器上没有，可以从Nodejs.org下载安装。

Scaffolding Applications Using Yeoman

使用Yeoman搭建应用

We will be using [yo aspnet] to generate the Web Application Basic template, you may follow the full instructions in Building Projects with Yeoman to create an ASP.NET Core project which show an Empty Web for reference.

我们将使用[yo aspnet]去生成Web应用程序的基础模板，你也可以按照Building Projects with Yeoman的步骤创建一个空的Asp.Net Core Web应用程序。

Install the necessary yeoman generators and bower using npm.

使用npm安装必要的yeoman生成器和bower。

npm install -g yo generator-aspnet bower

Run the ASP.NET Core generator

运行Asp.Net Core生成器

yo aspnet

 

• Select Web Application Basic [without Membership and Authorization] and tap Enter

• 选择Web Application Basic [without Membership and Authorization] 然后回车

• Select Bootstrap (3.3.6) as the UI framework and tap Enter

• UI framework下选择Bootstrap(3.3.6) 然后回车

• Use "MyFirstApp" for the app name and tap Enter

• 使用“MyFirstApp”作为引用的名称，然后回车

When the generator completes scaffolding the files, it will instruct you to restore, build, and run the application.

当生成完成所需的文件后，它会提示你接下来该恢复、构建和运行这个应用程序。

Your project is now created, you can use the following commands to get going
       cd "MyFirstApp"
       dotnet restore
       dotnet build (optional, build will also happen with it‘s run)
       dotnet run

Developing ASP.NET Core Applications on a Mac With Visual Studio Code

在Mac上使用Visual Studio Code开发Asp.Net Core应用程序

• Start Visual Studio Code

• 打开Visual Studio Code

• Tap File > Open and navigate to your ASP.NET Core app

• 点击 File > Open，导航到你的Asp.Net Core应用目录

When the application is opened, Visual Studio Code will prompt to restore the needed project dependencies as well as add build and debug dependencies.

当应用程序被打开时，Visual Studio Code会提示恢复所需的项目依赖项以及添加构建和调试所需的依赖项。

Tap "Yes" to add the build and debug assets.

点击“Yes”添加所需构建和调试的部件。

Tap "Restore" to restore the project dependencies. Alternately, you can enter ??P in Visual Studio Code and then type dot as shown:

点击“Restore”恢复项目所需依赖项。在开发中，你也可以在Visual Studio Code中按??P进行恢复：

You can run commands directly from within Visual Studio Code, including dotnet restore and any tools referenced in the project.json file, as well as custom tasks defined in .vscode/tasks.json. Visual Studio Code also includes an integrated console ? where you can execute these commands without leaving the editor.

你可以直接在Visual Studio Code中运行包括恢复和使用 project.json中的项目引用，也可以在.vscode/tasks.json中自定义任务。Visual Studio Code还包括集成的控制台，你可以在不离开编辑器的情况下执行这些命令。

If this is your first time using Visual Studio Code (or just Code for short), note that it provides a very streamlined, fast, clean interface for quickly working with files, while still providing tooling to make writing code extremely productive.

如果这是你第一次使用Visual Studio代码(或刚用不久),你会发现它提供了一个非常精简,快速、干净的界面,快速处理文件,同时还提供了很多工具让编写代码非常富有成效。

In the left navigation bar, there are five icons, representing four viewlets:

在左边的导航栏中，有5个小图标，分别是：

• Explore
• Search
• Git
• Debug
• Extensions

The Explorer viewlet allows you to quickly navigate within the folder system, as well as easily see the files you are currently working with. It displays a badge to indicate whether any files have unsaved changes, and new folders and files can easily be created (without having to open a separate dialog window). You can easily Save All from a menu option that appears on mouse over, as well.

这个浏览视图能够快速浏览你的文件目录，以及你现在正在处理的文件。它可以清晰得显示哪些文件没有保存，可以轻松得创建新文件夹和新文件（不需要打开一个新的对话框）。你也可以试用鼠标点击保存所有打开需要保存得文件。

The Search viewlet allows you to quickly search within the folder structure, searching filenames as well as contents.

这个搜索视图允许你在文件目录中快速得搜索文件名和文件内容。

Code will integrate with Git if it is installed on your system. You can easily initialize a new repository, make commits, and push changes from the Git viewlet.

VSCode已经集成了Git，你的系统如果已经安装好的话，可直接使用。你可以在Git视图里轻松的create repository，commits，和push。

 

The Debug viewlet supports interactive debugging of applications.

Debug视图支持与应用的交互式调试。

Code‘s editor has a ton of great features. You‘ll notice unused using statements are underlined and can be removed automatically by using ? . when the lightbulb icon appears. Classes and methods also display how many references there are in the project to them. If you‘re coming from Visual Studio, Code includes many of the same keyboard shortcuts, such as ?KC to comment a block of code, and ?KU to uncomment.

VSCode编辑器界面也有很多非常棒的功能。当有黄色灯泡小图标时，你会发现没有在没有引用的声明下有下划线，可以使用?.自动修复。你的类和方法上会显示它们在项目中有多少次被引用。如果你曾经使用过Visual Studio，你会发现VSCode拥有很多相同的快捷键，比如?KC来注释代码，?KU来取消注释等等。

More on editor in Visual Studio Code.

更多功能查看Visual Studio Code。

Running Locally Using Kestrel

使用Kestrel在本地运行

The sample is configured to use Kestrel for the web server. You can see it configured in the project.json file, where it is specified as a dependency.

示范已经使用Kestrel配置好Web Server了。你可以在project.json文件中看到它被配置成依赖项。

"Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.Kestrel":

Using Visual Studio Code Debugger

使用Visual Studio Code调试

If you choose to have the debug and build assets added to the project:

如果需要调试的和构建的已经添加到项目中：

• Tap the Debug icon in the View Bar on the left pane

• 点击左侧面板中的Debug图标

• Tap the "Play (F5)" icon to launch the app

• 点击“Play(F5)”图片，运行应用。

Your default browser will automatically launch and navigate to http://localhost:5000

你的默认浏览器将自动运行并打开http://localhost:5000

• To stop the application, close the browser and hit the "Stop" icon on the debug bar
• 关闭浏览器点击调试条上的“Stop”图标，可以停止应用。

Using the dotnet commands

使用dotnet命令

• Run dotnet run command to launch the app from terminal/bash

• 在terminal/bash中运行dotnet命令

• Navigate to http://localhost:5000

• 浏览器打开http://localhost:5000

• To stop the web server enter ?+C.

• ?+C停止web服务器

Publishing to Azure

发布到Azure

Once you‘ve developed your application, you can easily use the Git integration built into Visual Studio Code to push updates to production, hosted on Microsoft Azure.

在你开发你的应用的时候，你能轻松的使用VSCode集成的Git更新到在Microsoft Azure上的生产环境。

Initialize Git

初始化Git

Initialize Git in the folder you‘re working in. Tap on the Git viewlet and click the Initialize Git repository button.

在你工作的文件中初始化Git。点击Git视图，再点击Initialize Git repository按钮。

Add a commit message and tap enter or tap the checkmark icon to commit the staged files.

添加一个提交信息，敲击回车或点击选择相应的小图标进行提交文件。

Git is tracking changes, so if you make an update to a file, the Git viewlet will display the files that have changed since your last commit.

Git会跟踪更改，如果你更新了一个文件，Git视图会显示这个文件自最后一次提交后有更改。

Initialize Azure Website

初始化Azure Web站点

You can deploy to Azure Web Apps directly using Git.

你可以使用Git把应用程序部署到Azure。

• If you don‘t have an Azure account, you can create a free trial.
• 如果你还没有Azure账号，你可以点击查看create a free trial

Create a Web App in the Azure Portal to host your new application.

在Azure后台创建一个Web应用部署你的新应用程序。

Configure the Web App in Azure to support continuous deployment using Git.

在Azure上配置Web应用以使其支持Git。

Record the Git URL for the Web App from the Azure portal.

从Azure后台记录你的Git Url

In a Terminal window, add a remote named azure with the Git URL you noted previously.

在终端窗口中，添加一个名为azure提交到之前你记录的Git Url上。

git remote add azure https://[email protected]:443/MyFirstAppMac.git

Push to master. git push azure master to deploy.

推送到master，git会推送到azure上相应的master。

Browse to the newly deployed web app.

打开浏览器浏览您的应用。

Looking at the Deployment Details in the Azure Portal, you can see the logs and steps each time there is a commit to the branch.

在Azure后台你可以查看开发的详细信息，包括每次提交到分支的日志和步骤。

原文链接

https://docs.microsoft.com/zh-cn/aspnet/core/tutorials/your-first-mac-aspnet