WM_PAINT与WM_ERASEBKGND

Posted 2020-06-17

当WM_PAINT不是由InvalidateRect产生时,即由最大化，最小化等产生时，或者移动产生（移动有时只会产生WM_ERASEBKGND消息)系统先发送WM_ERASEBKGND消息,再发送WM_PAINT消息.

    如果处理WM_ERASEBKGND消息时返回FALSE，BeginPaint标记pt.fErase 为TRUE,如果处理WM_ERASEBKGND时返回TRUE,BeginPaint标记pt.fErase为FALSE.

    当WM_PAINT由InvalidateRect产生时,先发送WM_PAINT消息（异步),如果InvalidateRect的bErase为TRUE,BeginPaint检查到更新区域需要删除背景,向窗口发送一个WM_ERASEBKGND消息,如果处理WM_ERASEBKGND消息时返回FALSE，BeginPaint标记pt.fErase 为TRUE,如果处理WM_ERASEBKGND时返回TRUE,BeginPaint标记pt.fErase为FALSE.

    如果pt.fErase标记为TRUE,指示应用程序应该处理背景,但是应用程序不一定需要处理,pt.fErase只是作为一个标记.

    补充：DefWindowProc(hWnd, message, wParam, lParam)处理WM_ERASEBKGND消息时默认用下面的画刷清除背景
wcex.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)(COLOR_WINDOW+1);

WM_ERASEBKGND返回TRUE和返回FALSE是一个规范，一般情况下没有什么区别，但是如果什么时候用到了，会根据函数返回值判断后续处理。因此最好按照要求返回数据.

最后再提供一些测试代码，让大家更好的理解上面的内容。
// WM_ERASEBKGNDTest.cpp : Defines the entry point for the application.
//

#include "stdafx.h"
#include "WM_ERASEBKGNDTest.h"

#define MAX_LOADSTRING 100

// Global Variables:
HINSTANCE hInst;        // current instance
TCHAR szTitle[MAX_LOADSTRING];     // The title bar text
TCHAR szWindowClass[MAX_LOADSTRING];   // the main window class name

// Forward declarations of functions included in this code module:
ATOM    MyRegisterClass(HINSTANCE hInstance);
BOOL    InitInstance(HINSTANCE, int);
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);
INT_PTR CALLBACK About(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);

int APIENTRY _tWinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance,
                     HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
                     LPTSTR    lpCmdLine,
                     int       nCmdShow)
{
 UNREFERENCED_PARAMETER(hPrevInstance);
 UNREFERENCED_PARAMETER(lpCmdLine);

  // TODO: Place code here.
 MSG msg;
 HACCEL hAccelTable;

 // Initialize global strings
 LoadString(hInstance, IDS_APP_TITLE, szTitle, MAX_LOADSTRING);
 LoadString(hInstance, IDC_WM_ERASEBKGNDTEST, szWindowClass, MAX_LOADSTRING);
 MyRegisterClass(hInstance);

 // Perform application initialization:
 if (!InitInstance (hInstance, nCmdShow))
 {
  return FALSE;
 }

 hAccelTable = LoadAccelerators(hInstance, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDC_WM_ERASEBKGNDTEST));

 // Main message loop:
 while (GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0))
 {
  if (!TranslateAccelerator(msg.hwnd, hAccelTable, &msg))
  {
   TranslateMessage(&msg);
   DispatchMessage(&msg);
  }
 }

 return (int) msg.wParam;
}

 

//
//  FUNCTION: MyRegisterClass()
//
//  PURPOSE: Registers the window class.
//
//  COMMENTS:
//
//    This function and its usage are only necessary if you want this code
//    to be compatible with Win32 systems prior to the ‘RegisterClassEx‘
//    function that was added to Windows 95. It is important to call this function
//    so that the application will get ‘well formed‘ small icons associated
//    with it.
//
ATOM MyRegisterClass(HINSTANCE hInstance)
{
 WNDCLASSEX wcex;

 wcex.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX);

 wcex.style   = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;
 wcex.lpfnWndProc = WndProc;
 wcex.cbClsExtra  = 0;
 wcex.cbWndExtra  = 0;
 wcex.hInstance  = hInstance;
 wcex.hIcon   = LoadIcon(hInstance, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDI_WM_ERASEBKGNDTEST));
 wcex.hCursor  = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);
 wcex.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)(COLOR_WINDOW+1);
// wcex.hbrBackground = NULL;
 wcex.lpszMenuName = MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDC_WM_ERASEBKGNDTEST);
 wcex.lpszClassName = szWindowClass;
 wcex.hIconSm  = LoadIcon(wcex.hInstance, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDI_SMALL));

 return RegisterClassEx(&wcex);
}

//
//   FUNCTION: InitInstance(HINSTANCE, int)
//
//   PURPOSE: Saves instance handle and creates main window
//
//   COMMENTS:
//
//        In this function, we save the instance handle in a global variable and
//        create and display the main program window.
//
BOOL InitInstance(HINSTANCE hInstance, int nCmdShow)
{
   HWND hWnd;

   hInst = hInstance; // Store instance handle in our global variable

   hWnd = CreateWindow(szWindowClass, szTitle, WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,
      CW_USEDEFAULT, 0, CW_USEDEFAULT, 0, NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL);

   if (!hWnd)
   {
      return FALSE;
   }

   ShowWindow(hWnd, nCmdShow);
   UpdateWindow(hWnd);

   return TRUE;
}

//
//  FUNCTION: WndProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM)
//
//  PURPOSE:  Processes messages for the main window.
//
//  WM_COMMAND - process the application menu
//  WM_PAINT - Paint the main window
//  WM_DESTROY - post a quit message and return
//
//
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
 int wmId, wmEvent;
 PAINTSTRUCT ps;
 HDC hdc;

 switch (message)
 {
 case WM_COMMAND:
  wmId    = LOWORD(wParam);
  wmEvent = HIWORD(wParam);
  // Parse the menu selections:
  switch (wmId)
  {
  case IDM_ABOUT:
   DialogBox(hInst, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDD_ABOUTBOX), hWnd, About);
   break;
  case IDM_EXIT:
   DestroyWindow(hWnd);
   break;
  default:
   return DefWindowProc(hWnd, message, wParam, lParam);
  }
  break;
 case WM_LBUTTONDOWN:
  RECT rect;
  GetClientRect(hWnd, &rect);
  InvalidateRect(hWnd, &rect, TRUE);
  MessageBeep(2);
  break;

 //case WM_ERASEBKGND:
 // OutputDebugString(_T("Enter WM_ERASEBKGND\n"));
 // return 1;
 // break;
  
 case WM_PAINT:
  OutputDebugString(_T("Enter WM_PAINT\n"));
  hdc = BeginPaint(hWnd, &ps);

  if (ps.fErase == TRUE)
   OutputDebugString(_T("ps.fErase == TRUE\n\n"));
  // TODO: Add any drawing code here...
  EndPaint(hWnd, &ps);
  break;
 case WM_DESTROY:
  PostQuitMessage(0);
  break;
 default:
  if (WM_ERASEBKGND == message)
   OutputDebugString(_T("Enter WM_ERASEBKGND\n"));
  return DefWindowProc(hWnd, message, wParam, lParam);
 }

// DefWindowProc(hWnd, message, wParam, lParam);
 return 0;
}

// Message handler for about box.
INT_PTR CALLBACK About(HWND hDlg, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
 UNREFERENCED_PARAMETER(lParam);
 switch (message)
 {
 case WM_INITDIALOG:
  return (INT_PTR)TRUE;

 case WM_COMMAND:
  if (LOWORD(wParam) == IDOK || LOWORD(wParam) == IDCANCEL)
  {
   EndDialog(hDlg, LOWORD(wParam));
   return (INT_PTR)TRUE;
  }
  break;
 }
 return (INT_PTR)FALSE;
}

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