find常用参数详解

Posted 尹正杰

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　　　　　　　　　　Linux操作系统的文件查找工具locate和find命令常用参数介绍

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　作者：尹正杰

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一.非实时查找(数据库查找)locate工具 

locate命令的工作原理剖析:
　　用locate命令在搜索文件列表的时候，它并不是去硬盘中实时搜索文件，而是事先把磁盘上的所有文件预建文件索引数据库(即"/var/lib/mlocate.db"),查询时依赖于事先构建的索引(索引的构建是在系统较为空闲时自动进行,即周期性任务),这就是为什么它搜索文件非常快的原因。
　　但这并不是说安装操作系统或者刚刚安装完locate软件，就会立即有"/var/lib/mlocate.db"数据库的，而是需要等待一段时间后它才会自动生成，而这个等待时间是不确定的，因此我们可以使用update命令来手动生成该索引数据库文件。
　　索引构建过程需要遍历整个根文件系统，极消耗资源，因此locate命令适合搜索比较稳定的文件，比如系统的启动脚本或系统配置文件之类的，因为他们不仅经常变化，基本上都可以搜索到，但是对于一些变化频率比较高的文件搜索起来locate就有点力不从心，需要咱们不断地手动更新数据库才能获取到最新的文件索引信息。

locate命令的工作特点:
　　(1)查找速度快
　　(2)模糊查找
　　(3)非实时查找
　　(4)搜索的文件是全路径，不仅仅是文件名
　　(5)可能之搜索用户具备读取和执行权限的目录

locate语法格式:
　　Usage: locate [OPTION]... [PATTERN]...
　　常用选项:
　　　　-i:
　　　　　　不区分大小写。
　　　　-n N:
　　　　　　只例举前N个匹配项目。
　　　　-r:
　　　　　　使用正则biao a　　

1>.安装locate数据库(最小化操作系统是没有安装locate命令的哟～)

[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# yum -y install mlocate
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.huaweicloud.com
 * epel: mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn
 * extras: mirrors.huaweicloud.com
 * updates: mirrors.huaweicloud.com
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mlocate.x86_64 0:0.26-8.el7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

=================================================================================================================================
 Package                       Arch                         Version                             Repository                  Size
=================================================================================================================================
Installing:
 mlocate                       x86_64                       0.26-8.el7                          base                       113 k

Transaction Summary
=================================================================================================================================
Install  1 Package

Total download size: 113 k
Installed size: 379 k
Downloading packages:
mlocate-0.26-8.el7.x86_64.rpm                                                                             | 113 kB  00:00:00     
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
  Installing : mlocate-0.26-8.el7.x86_64                                                                                     1/1 
  Verifying  : mlocate-0.26-8.el7.x86_64                                                                                     1/1 

Installed:
  mlocate.x86_64 0:0.26-8.el7                                                                                                    

Complete!
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# yum -y install mlocate 

2>.更新locate的数据库文件

[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# locate hosts　　　　　　　　　　　　　　#我们在安装locate命令时并不会立即生成数据索引文件。
locate: can not stat () `/var/lib/mlocate/mlocate.db\': No such file or directory
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# updatedb 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　#因此我们可以手动locate命令的数据库文件，如果文件已经存在则更新该数据库内容。
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll /var/lib/mlocate/mlocate.db 　　　#数据库文件竟然自动创建出来啦
-rw-r----- 1 root slocate 2483967 Dec 12 09:15 /var/lib/mlocate/mlocate.db
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# touch f1.log　　　　　　　　　　　　　　#我们此处创建一个文件
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　#该文件已经创建出来来
total 0
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Dec 12 09:21 f1.log
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# locate f1.log　　　　　　　　   　　　　#我们发现locate命令竟然找不到f1.log文件，这是由于locate的数据库文件还没有来得及更新
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# updatedb 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　#于是于是我们手动更新数据库信息，将之前修改的内容都同步到locate数据库中
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# locate f1.log　　　　　　　　 　　　　　#
/root/f1.log
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#

3>.省略选项搜索关键词案例

[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# locate hosts
/etc/hosts
/etc/hosts.allow
/etc/hosts.deny
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules/100/denyhosts
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules/100/denyhosts/cil
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules/100/denyhosts/hll
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules/100/denyhosts/lang_ext
/usr/lib64/security/pam_rhosts.so
/usr/share/ghostscript
/usr/share/doc/httpd-2.4.6/httpd-vhosts.conf
/usr/share/doc/pam-1.1.8/html/sag-pam_rhosts.html
/usr/share/doc/pam-1.1.8/txts/README.pam_rhosts
/usr/share/ghostscript/conf.d
/usr/share/man/man5/hosts.allow.5.gz
/usr/share/man/man5/hosts.deny.5.gz
/usr/share/man/man5/hosts_access.5.gz
/usr/share/man/man5/hosts_options.5.gz
/usr/share/man/man8/pam_rhosts.8.gz
/usr/share/vim/vim74/ftplugin/denyhosts.vim
/usr/share/vim/vim74/ftplugin/hostsaccess.vim
/usr/share/vim/vim74/syntax/denyhosts.vim
/usr/share/vim/vim74/syntax/hostsaccess.vim
/usr/share/zsh/site-functions/_sd_hosts_or_user_at_host
/var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/timedhosts
/var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/timedhosts.txt
/var/www/html/phpMyAdmin/examples/config.manyhosts.inc.php
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# locate hosts　　　　　　　　　　　　#查找文件名包含hosts的文件名或者路径。

4>."-i"选项案例

[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# locate HOSTS　　　　　　　　　　#我们搜索大写的关键词是搜不到有关HOSTS文件名称或路径的。
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# locate -i HOSTS　　　　　　　　#我们使用"-i"选项可以忽略文件大小写，瞬间就可以匹配到包含hosts的文件名称或路径啦。
/etc/hosts
/etc/hosts.allow
/etc/hosts.deny
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules/100/denyhosts
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules/100/denyhosts/cil
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules/100/denyhosts/hll
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules/100/denyhosts/lang_ext
/usr/lib64/security/pam_rhosts.so
/usr/share/ghostscript
/usr/share/doc/httpd-2.4.6/httpd-vhosts.conf
/usr/share/doc/pam-1.1.8/html/sag-pam_rhosts.html
/usr/share/doc/pam-1.1.8/txts/README.pam_rhosts
/usr/share/ghostscript/conf.d
/usr/share/man/man5/hosts.allow.5.gz
/usr/share/man/man5/hosts.deny.5.gz
/usr/share/man/man5/hosts_access.5.gz
/usr/share/man/man5/hosts_options.5.gz
/usr/share/man/man8/pam_rhosts.8.gz
/usr/share/vim/vim74/ftplugin/denyhosts.vim
/usr/share/vim/vim74/ftplugin/hostsaccess.vim
/usr/share/vim/vim74/syntax/denyhosts.vim
/usr/share/vim/vim74/syntax/hostsaccess.vim
/usr/share/zsh/site-functions/_sd_hosts_or_user_at_host
/var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/timedhosts
/var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/timedhosts.txt
/var/www/html/phpMyAdmin/examples/config.manyhosts.inc.php
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# locate -i HOSTS　　　　　　　　　　#我们使用"-i"选项可以忽略文件大小写，瞬间就可以匹配到包含hosts的文件名称或路径啦。

5>."-n"选项案例 

[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# locate hosts
/etc/hosts
/etc/hosts.allow
/etc/hosts.deny
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules/100/denyhosts
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules/100/denyhosts/cil
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules/100/denyhosts/hll
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules/100/denyhosts/lang_ext
/usr/lib64/security/pam_rhosts.so
/usr/share/ghostscript
/usr/share/doc/httpd-2.4.6/httpd-vhosts.conf
/usr/share/doc/pam-1.1.8/html/sag-pam_rhosts.html
/usr/share/doc/pam-1.1.8/txts/README.pam_rhosts
/usr/share/ghostscript/conf.d
/usr/share/man/man5/hosts.allow.5.gz
/usr/share/man/man5/hosts.deny.5.gz
/usr/share/man/man5/hosts_access.5.gz
/usr/share/man/man5/hosts_options.5.gz
/usr/share/man/man8/pam_rhosts.8.gz
/usr/share/vim/vim74/ftplugin/denyhosts.vim
/usr/share/vim/vim74/ftplugin/hostsaccess.vim
/usr/share/vim/vim74/syntax/denyhosts.vim
/usr/share/vim/vim74/syntax/hostsaccess.vim
/usr/share/zsh/site-functions/_sd_hosts_or_user_at_host
/var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/timedhosts
/var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/timedhosts.txt
/var/www/html/phpMyAdmin/examples/config.manyhosts.inc.php
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# locate -n 5 hosts　　　　　　　　　　#之列出前5个匹配到的文件名称或路径名称
/etc/hosts
/etc/hosts.allow
/etc/hosts.deny
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules/100/denyhosts
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules/100/denyhosts/cil
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# locate -n 5 hosts　　　　　　　　　　#之列出前5个匹配到的文件名称或路径名称

6>."-r"选项案例

[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# locate -r "\\.conf$"
/etc/GeoIP.conf
/etc/asound.conf
/etc/chrony.conf
/etc/dracut.conf
/etc/e2fsck.conf
/etc/host.conf
/etc/kdump.conf
/etc/krb5.conf
/etc/ld.so.conf
/etc/libaudit.conf
/etc/libuser.conf
/etc/locale.conf
/etc/logrotate.conf
/etc/man_db.conf
/etc/mke2fs.conf
/etc/nsswitch.conf
/etc/resolv.conf
/etc/rsyncd.conf
/etc/rsyslog.conf
/etc/sestatus.conf
/etc/sudo-ldap.conf
/etc/sudo.conf
/etc/sysctl.conf
/etc/updatedb.conf
/etc/vconsole.conf
/etc/yum.conf
/etc/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.conf
/etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/00-keyboard.conf
/etc/audisp/audispd.conf
/etc/audisp/plugins.d/af_unix.conf
/etc/audisp/plugins.d/syslog.conf
/etc/audit/auditd.conf
/etc/dbus-1/session.conf
/etc/dbus-1/system.conf
/etc/dbus-1/system.d/FirewallD.conf
/etc/dbus-1/system.d/com.redhat.tuned.conf
/etc/dbus-1/system.d/nm-dispatcher.conf
/etc/dbus-1/system.d/nm-ifcfg-rh.conf
/etc/dbus-1/system.d/org.freedesktop.NetworkManager.conf
/etc/dbus-1/system.d/org.freedesktop.PolicyKit1.conf
/etc/dbus-1/system.d/org.freedesktop.hostname1.conf
/etc/dbus-1/system.d/org.freedesktop.import1.conf
/etc/dbus-1/system.d/org.freedesktop.locale1.conf
/etc/dbus-1/system.d/org.freedesktop.login1.conf
/etc/dbus-1/system.d/org.freedesktop.machine1.conf
/etc/dbus-1/system.d/org.freedesktop.systemd1.conf
/etc/dbus-1/system.d/org.freedesktop.timedate1.conf
/etc/dbus-1/system.d/teamd.conf
/etc/dbus-1/system.d/wpa_supplicant.conf
/etc/depmod.d/dist.conf
/etc/firewalld/firewalld.conf
/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
/etc/httpd/conf.d/autoindex.conf
/etc/httpd/conf.d/php.conf
/etc/httpd/conf.d/userdir.conf
/etc/httpd/conf.d/welcome.conf
/etc/httpd/conf.modules.d/00-base.conf
/etc/httpd/conf.modules.d/00-dav.conf
/etc/httpd/conf.modules.d/00-lua.conf
/etc/httpd/conf.modules.d/00-mpm.conf
/etc/httpd/conf.modules.d/00-proxy.conf
/etc/httpd/conf.modules.d/00-systemd.conf
/etc/httpd/conf.modules.d/01-cgi.conf
/etc/httpd/conf.modules.d/10-php.conf
/etc/ld.so.conf.d/kernel-3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64.conf
/etc/ld.so.conf.d/mariadb-x86_64.conf
/etc/lvm/lvm.conf
/etc/lvm/lvmlocal.conf
/etc/modprobe.d/dccp-blacklist.conf
/etc/modprobe.d/firewalld-sysctls.conf
/etc/modprobe.d/tuned.conf
/etc/openldap/ldap.conf
/etc/pki/ca-trust/ca-legacy.conf
/etc/plymouth/plymouthd.conf
/etc/prelink.conf.d/fipscheck.conf
/etc/prelink.conf.d/grub2.conf
/etc/prelink.conf.d/nss-softokn-prelink.conf
/etc/rsyslog.d/listen.conf
/etc/sasl2/smtpd.conf
/etc/security/access.conf
/etc/security/chroot.conf
/etc/security/group.conf
/etc/security/limits.conf
/etc/security/namespace.conf
/etc/security/pam_env.conf
/etc/security/pwquality.conf
/etc/security/sepermit.conf
/etc/security/time.conf
/etc/security/limits.d/20-nproc.conf
/etc/selinux/semanage.conf
/etc/selinux/targeted/setrans.conf
/etc/sysctl.d/99-sysctl.conf
/etc/systemd/bootchart.conf
/etc/systemd/coredump.conf
/etc/systemd/journald.conf
/etc/systemd/logind.conf
/etc/systemd/system.conf
/etc/systemd/user.conf
/etc/tuned/tuned-main.conf
/etc/udev/udev.conf
/etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf
/etc/yum/version-groups.conf
/etc/yum/pluginconf.d/fastestmirror.conf
/etc/yum/pluginconf.d/langpacks.conf
/etc/yum/protected.d/systemd.conf
/home/yinzhengjie/.pyenv/.pip/pip.conf
/home/yinzhengjie/.pyenv/cache/Python-3.6.9/Doc/docutils.conf
/home/yinzhengjie/.pyenv/cache/Python-3.6.9/Doc/tools/pydoctheme/theme.conf
/usr/lib/NetworkManager/conf.d/10-slaves-order.conf
/usr/lib/dracut/dracut.conf.d/01-dist.conf
/usr/lib/dracut/dracut.conf.d/01-microcode.conf
/usr/lib/dracut/dracut.conf.d/02-rescue.conf
/usr/lib/dracut/dracut.conf.d/50-nss-softokn.conf
/usr/lib/dracut/dracut.conf.d/76-phys-port-name.conf
/usr/lib/dracut/modules.d/40network/dhclient.conf
/usr/lib/dracut/modules.d/98syslog/rsyslog.conf
/usr/lib/dracut/modules.d/98systemd/dracut-tmpfiles.conf
/usr/lib/modprobe.d/dist-alsa.conf
/usr/lib/modprobe.d/dist-blacklist.conf
/usr/lib/sysctl.d/00-system.conf
/usr/lib/sysctl.d/10-default-yama-scope.conf
/usr/lib/sysctl.d/50-default.conf
/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/cryptsetup.conf
/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/etc.conf
/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/httpd.conf
/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/initscripts.conf
/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/legacy.conf
/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/libselinux.conf
/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/lvm2.conf
/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/mariadb.conf
/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/pam.conf
/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/python.conf
/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/rpm.conf
/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/sap.conf
/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/selinux-policy.conf
/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/sudo.conf
/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/systemd-nologin.conf
/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/systemd.conf
/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/tmp.conf
/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/tuned.conf
/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/var.conf
/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/x11.conf
/usr/lib/tuned/balanced/tuned.conf
/usr/lib/tuned/desktop/tuned.conf
/usr/lib/tuned/latency-performance/tuned.conf
/usr/lib/tuned/network-latency/tuned.conf
/usr/lib/tuned/network-throughput/tuned.conf
/usr/lib/tuned/powersave/tuned.conf
/usr/lib/tuned/recommend.d/50-tuned.conf
/usr/lib/tuned/throughput-performance/tuned.conf
/usr/lib/tuned/virtual-guest/tuned.conf
/usr/lib/tuned/virtual-host/tuned.conf
/usr/share/alsa/alsa.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/AACI.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/ATIIXP-MODEM.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/ATIIXP-SPDMA.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/ATIIXP.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/AU8810.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/AU8820.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/AU8830.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/Audigy.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/Audigy2.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/Aureon51.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/Aureon71.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/CA0106.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/CMI8338-SWIEC.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/CMI8338.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/CMI8738-MC6.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/CMI8738-MC8.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/CMI8788.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/CS46xx.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/EMU10K1.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/EMU10K1X.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/ENS1370.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/ENS1371.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/ES1968.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/Echo_Echo3G.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/FM801.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/FWSpeakers.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/FireWave.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/GUS.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/HDA-Intel.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/HdmiLpeAudio.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/ICE1712.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/ICE1724.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/ICH-MODEM.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/ICH.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/ICH4.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/Loopback.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/Maestro3.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/NFORCE.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/PC-Speaker.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/PMac.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/PMacToonie.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/PS3.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/RME9636.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/RME9652.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/SB-XFi.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/SI7018.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/TRID4DWAVENX.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/USB-Audio.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/VIA686A.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/VIA8233.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/VIA8233A.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/VIA8237.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/VX222.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/VXPocket.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/VXPocket440.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/YMF744.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/aliases.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/pistachio-card.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/vc4-hdmi.conf
/usr/share/alsa/firmware/usx2yloader/us122.conf
/usr/share/alsa/firmware/usx2yloader/us224.conf
/usr/share/alsa/firmware/usx2yloader/us428.conf
/usr/share/alsa/pcm/center_lfe.conf
/usr/share/alsa/pcm/default.conf
/usr/share/alsa/pcm/dmix.conf
/usr/share/alsa/pcm/dpl.conf
/usr/share/alsa/pcm/dsnoop.conf
/usr/share/alsa/pcm/front.conf
/usr/share/alsa/pcm/hdmi.conf
/usr/share/alsa/pcm/iec958.conf
/usr/share/alsa/pcm/modem.conf
/usr/share/alsa/pcm/rear.conf
/usr/share/alsa/pcm/side.conf
/usr/share/alsa/pcm/surround21.conf
/usr/share/alsa/pcm/surround40.conf
/usr/share/alsa/pcm/surround41.conf
/usr/share/alsa/pcm/surround50.conf
/usr/share/alsa/pcm/surround51.conf
/usr/share/alsa/pcm/surround71.conf
/usr/share/alsa/topology/broadwell/broadwell.conf
/usr/share/alsa/topology/bxtrt298/bxt_i2s.conf
/usr/share/alsa/topology/sklrt286/skl_i2s.conf
/usr/share/dbus-1/session.conf
/usr/share/dbus-1/system.conf
/usr/share/doc/NetworkManager/examples/server.conf
/usr/share/doc/alsa-lib/modprobe-dist-oss.conf
/usr/share/doc/dbus-1.10.24/examples/example-session-disable-stats.conf
/usr/share/doc/dbus-1.10.24/examples/example-system-enable-stats.conf
/usr/share/doc/glibc-common-2.17/gai.conf
/usr/share/doc/gnupg2-2.0.22/examples/gpgconf.conf
/usr/share/doc/httpd-2.4.6/httpd-dav.conf
/usr/share/doc/httpd-2.4.6/httpd-default.conf
/usr/share/doc/httpd-2.4.6/httpd-info.conf
/usr/share/doc/httpd-2.4.6/httpd-languages.conf
/usr/share/doc/httpd-2.4.6/httpd-manual.conf
/usr/share/doc/httpd-2.4.6/httpd-mpm.conf
/usr/share/doc/httpd-2.4.6/httpd-multilang-errordoc.conf
/usr/share/doc/httpd-2.4.6/httpd-vhosts.conf
/usr/share/doc/httpd-2.4.6/proxy-html.conf
/usr/share/doc/krb5-libs-1.15.1/examples/kdc.conf
/usr/share/doc/krb5-libs-1.15.1/examples/krb5.conf
/usr/share/doc/python-configobj-4.7.2/docutils.conf
/usr/share/doc/python-slip-0.4.0/dbus/example/org.fedoraproject.slip.example.mechanism.conf
/usr/share/doc/python-slip-dbus-0.4.0/example/org.fedoraproject.slip.example.mechanism.conf
/usr/share/doc/sudo-1.8.23/examples/pam.conf
/usr/share/doc/sudo-1.8.23/examples/sudo.conf
/usr/share/doc/sudo-1.8.23/examples/syslog.conf
/usr/share/doc/teamd-1.27/example_configs/activebackup_arp_ping_1.conf
/usr/share/doc/teamd-1.27/example_configs/activebackup_arp_ping_2.conf
/usr/share/doc/teamd-1.27/example_configs/activebackup_ethtool_1.conf
/usr/share/doc/teamd-1.27/example_configs/activebackup_ethtool_2.conf
/usr/share/doc/teamd-1.27/example_configs/activebackup_ethtool_3.conf
/usr/share/doc/teamd-1.27/example_configs/activebackup_multi_lw_1.conf
/usr/share/doc/teamd-1.27/example_configs/activebackup_nsna_ping_1.conf
/usr/share/doc/teamd-1.27/example_configs/activebackup_tipc.conf
/usr/share/doc/teamd-1.27/example_configs/broadcast.conf
/usr/share/doc/teamd-1.27/example_configs/lacp_1.conf
/usr/share/doc/teamd-1.27/example_configs/loadbalance_1.conf
/usr/share/doc/teamd-1.27/example_configs/loadbalance_2.conf
/usr/share/doc/teamd-1.27/example_configs/loadbalance_3.conf
/usr/share/doc/teamd-1.27/example_configs/random.conf
/usr/share/doc/teamd-1.27/example_configs/roundrobin.conf
/usr/share/doc/teamd-1.27/example_configs/roundrobin_2.conf
/usr/share/doc/wpa_supplicant-2.6/wpa_supplicant.conf
/usr/share/doc/wpa_supplicant-2.6/examples/ieee8021x.conf
/usr/share/doc/wpa_supplicant-2.6/examples/openCryptoki.conf
/usr/share/doc/wpa_supplicant-2.6/examples/plaintext.conf
/usr/share/doc/wpa_supplicant-2.6/examples/udhcpd-p2p.conf
/usr/share/doc/wpa_supplicant-2.6/examples/wep.conf
/usr/share/doc/wpa_supplicant-2.6/examples/wpa-psk-tkip.conf
/usr/share/doc/wpa_supplicant-2.6/examples/wpa2-eap-ccmp.conf
/usr/src/kernels/3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64/include/config/auto.conf
/usr/src/kernels/3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64/include/config/tristate.conf
/var/lib/NetworkManager/NetworkManager-intern.conf
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# locate -r "\\.conf$"　　　　　　　　　　#之匹配以".conf"结尾的文件

7>.查看locate命令的帮助信息

[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# locate --help
Usage: locate [OPTION]... [PATTERN]...
Search for entries in a mlocate database.

  -A, --all              only print entries that match all patterns
  -b, --basename         match only the base name of path names
  -c, --count            only print number of found entries
  -d, --database DBPATH  use DBPATH instead of default database (which is
                         /var/lib/mlocate/mlocate.db)
  -e, --existing         only print entries for currently existing files
  -L, --follow           follow trailing symbolic links when checking file
                         existence (default)
  -h, --help             print this help
  -i, --ignore-case      ignore case distinctions when matching patterns
  -l, --limit, -n LIMIT  limit output (or counting) to LIMIT entries
  -m, --mmap             ignored, for backward compatibility
  -P, --nofollow, -H     don\'t follow trailing symbolic links when checking file
                         existence
  -0, --null             separate entries with NUL on output
  -S, --statistics       don\'t search for entries, print statistics about each
                         used database
  -q, --quiet            report no error messages about reading databases
  -r, --regexp REGEXP    search for basic regexp REGEXP instead of patterns
      --regex            patterns are extended regexps
  -s, --stdio            ignored, for backward compatibility
  -V, --version          print version information
  -w, --wholename        match whole path name (default)

Report bugs to mitr@redhat.com.
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# locate --help

 

二.实时查找find工具

实时查找工具，通过遍历指定路径完成文件查找 

工作特点:
　　(1)查找速度略慢
　　(2)精确查找
　　(3)实时查找
　　(4)可能只搜索用户具备读取和执行权限的目录

语法:
　　find [OPTION]... [查找路径] [查找条件] [处理动作]
   　　查找路径:
　　　　　　指定具体目标路径;默认为当前目录
　　　　查找条件:
　　　　　　指定的查找标准，可以文件名、大小、类型、权限等标准进行; 默认为找出指定路径下的所有文件
   　　处理动作:
　　　　　　对符合条件的文件做操作，默认输出至屏幕

1>.查看find命令的帮助信息

[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find --help
Usage: find [-H] [-L] [-P] [-Olevel] [-D help|tree|search|stat|rates|opt|exec] [path...] [expression]

default path is the current directory; default expression is -print
expression may consist of: operators, options, tests, and actions:

operators (decreasing precedence; -and is implicit where no others are given):
      ( EXPR )   ! EXPR   -not EXPR   EXPR1 -a EXPR2   EXPR1 -and EXPR2
      EXPR1 -o EXPR2   EXPR1 -or EXPR2   EXPR1 , EXPR2

positional options (always true): -daystart -follow -regextype

normal options (always true, specified before other expressions):
      -depth --help -maxdepth LEVELS -mindepth LEVELS -mount -noleaf
      --version -xautofs -xdev -ignore_readdir_race -noignore_readdir_race

tests (N can be +N or -N or N): -amin N -anewer FILE -atime N -cmin N
      -cnewer FILE -ctime N -empty -每天一个Linux命令（22）--find命令详解


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