WPF编程宝典之控件模版

Posted 2020-08-24

将控件模版定义为资源，并使用StaticResource引用该资源

1   <Button Margin="10" Padding="5" Template="{StaticResource ButtonTemplaate}">
2    A Simple Button with a Custom Template</Button>

控件模版的基本框架如下：

1 <Window.Resource>
2     <ControlTemplate x:Key="ButtonTemplate" Target="{x:Type Button}">
3     ...
4     </ControlTemplate>
5 </Window.Resource>

 

2.简单按钮

WPF通过使用模版绑定，可以从应用模版的控件中提取一个值。

1  <Window.Resource>
2     <ControlTemplate x:Key="ButtonTemplate" Target="{x:Type Button}">
3         <Border BorderBrush="Orange" BorderThickness="3" CornerRadius="2"
4          Background="Red" TextBlock.Foreground="White">
5          <ContentPresenter RecognizesAccessKey="True" Margin="{TemplateBinding Padding}"></ContentPresenter>
6     </ControlTemplate>
7 </Window.Resource>

模版绑定支持WPF的变化监测基础结构，所有依赖项属性都包含该基础结构。这意味着如果修改了控件的属性，模版会自动考虑该变化。当使用在一小段时间内重复改变属性值的动画时，该细节尤其有用。

 

为控件添加事件处理方法：

 1 <ControlTemplate x:Key="ButtonTemplate" TargetType="{x:Type Button}">
 2     <Border Name="Border" BorderBrush="Orange" .... >
 3     </Border>
 4     <ControlTemplate.Triggers>
 5         <Trigger Property="IsMouseOver" Value="True">
 6         <Setter TargetName="Border" Property="Background" Value="DarkRed" />
 7         </Trigger>
 8         /*
 9         * 可以添加更多的事件
10         */
11     </ControlTemplate.Triggers>
12 </ControlTemplate>

注意，对于禁用功能，一般放在最后，，在触发器列表的末尾定义，这样可以保证IsEnabled属性触发器具有最高的优先权

1 <Trigger Property="IsEnabled" Value="False">
2     </Setter TargetName="Border" Property="TextBlock.Foreground" Value="Gray" />
3     </Setter TargetName="Border" Property="TextBlock.Background" Value="MistyRose" />
4 </Trigger>

 

3.应用动画的触发器

 1 <ControlTemplate.Triggers>
 2     <EventTrigger RoutedEvent="MouseEnter">
 3         <BeginStoryboard>
 4             <Storyboard>
 5                 <ColorAnimation Storyboard.TargetName="Border" Storyboard.TargetProperty="Background.Color"
 6                                 To="Blue" Duration="0:0:1" AutoReverse="True" RepeatBehavior="Forever"></ColorAnimation>
 7             </Storyboard>
 8         </BeginStoryboard>
 9     </EventTrigger>
10     <EventTrigger RoutedEvent="MouseLeave">
11         <BeginStoryboard>
12             <Storyboard>
13                 <ColorAnimation Storyboard.TargetName="Border" Storyboard.TargetProperty="Background.Color" Duration="0:0:0.5">
　　　　　　　　　　　　</ColorAnimation>
14             </Storyboard>
15         </BeginStoryboard>
16     </EventTrigger>
17     <Trigger Property="IsPressed" Value="True">
18         <Setter TargetName="Border" Property="Background" Value="IndianRed" />
19         <Setter TargetName="Border" Property="BorderBrush" Value="DarkKhaki" />
20     </Trigger>
21     <Trigger Property="IsKeyboardFocused" Value="True">
22         <Setter TargetName="FocusCue" Property="Visibility" Value="Visible" />
23     </Trigger>
24 </ControlTemplate.Triggers>

 

4.通过代码修改资源

1     ResourceDictionary resourceDictionary = new ResourceDictionary();
2     resourceDictionary.Source = new Uri(
3         "Resources/GradientButtonVariant.xaml", UriKind.Relative);
4     this.Resources.MergedDictionaries[0] = resourceDictionary;