mariadb操作审计

Posted 2020-08-23

mariadb可以启用审计插件来对数据库的各种操作进行审计，以防运维背锅！

启用MariaDB的审计插件，并调整相关参数

MariaDB [(none)]> show variables like ‘%audit%‘;
Empty set (0.02 sec)

安装MariaDB审计插件

MariaDB [(none)]> INSTALL PLUGIN server_audit SONAME ‘server_audit‘;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.41 sec)

查看安装审计插件后的变量

MariaDB [(none)]> show variables like ‘%audit%‘;
+-------------------------------+-----------------------+
| Variable_name                 | Value                 |
+-------------------------------+-----------------------+
| server_audit_events           |                       |
| server_audit_excl_users       |                       |
| server_audit_file_path        | server_audit.log      |
| server_audit_file_rotate_now  | OFF                   |
| server_audit_file_rotate_size | 1000000               |
| server_audit_file_rotations   | 9                     |
| server_audit_incl_users       |                       |
| server_audit_loc_info         |                       |
| server_audit_logging          | OFF                   |
| server_audit_mode             | 0                     |
| server_audit_output_type      | file                  |
| server_audit_query_log_limit  | 1024                  |
| server_audit_syslog_facility  | LOG_USER              |
| server_audit_syslog_ident     | mysql-server_auditing |
| server_audit_syslog_info      |                       |
| server_audit_syslog_priority  | LOG_INFO              |

设置相关参数及说明：

1.设置记录的事件

MariaDB [(none)]> set global server_audit_events=‘connect,query,table‘;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

 注：connect,query,table可满足我们所有审计需求

 相关事件说明可参考：https://mariadb.com/kb/en/mariadb/about-the-mariadb-audit-plugin/

2.指定不审计某些用户的操作

MariaDB [(none)]> set global server_audit_excl_users=‘liuwei‘;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

3.审计日志存放的位置

server_audit_file_path        | server_audit.log

4.设置日志轮转

MariaDB [(none)]> set global server_audit_file_rotate_now=on;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

5.设置审计日志的大小

MariaDB [(none)]> set global server_audit_file_rotate_size=1024*1024*1024;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)

6.开启审计日志

MariaDB [(none)]> set global server_audit_logging=on;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

7.设置日志可以轮转的个数

server_audit_file_rotations   | 9

查看设置之后的参数：

MariaDB [(none)]> show variables like ‘%audit%‘;
+-------------------------------+-----------------------+
| Variable_name                 | Value                 |
+-------------------------------+-----------------------+
| server_audit_events           | QUERY,TABLE           |
| server_audit_excl_users       | liuwei                |
| server_audit_file_path        | server_audit.log      |
| server_audit_file_rotate_now  | OFF                   |
| server_audit_file_rotate_size | 1073741824            |
| server_audit_file_rotations   | 9                     |
| server_audit_incl_users       |                       |
| server_audit_loc_info         |                       |
| server_audit_logging          | ON                    |
| server_audit_mode             | 0                     |
| server_audit_output_type      | file                  |
| server_audit_query_log_limit  | 1024                  |
| server_audit_syslog_facility  | LOG_USER              |
| server_audit_syslog_ident     | mysql-server_auditing |
| server_audit_syslog_info      |                       |
| server_audit_syslog_priority  | LOG_INFO              |
+-------------------------------+-----------------------+

查看审计日志是否进行记录：可以记录增删改查所有操作

[[email protected] mysql]# cat server_audit.log 
20160705 16:25:24,test2,root,localhost,9,2544,QUERY,,‘set global server_audit_logging=on‘,0
20160705 16:25:38,test2,root,localhost,9,2545,QUERY,,‘show variables like \‘%audit%\‘‘,0
20160705 16:28:06,test2,root,localhost,9,2546,QUERY,,‘SELECT DATABASE()‘,0
20160705 16:28:10,test2,root,localhost,9,2548,QUERY,,‘show databases‘,0
20160705 16:28:44,test2,root,localhost,9,2549,QUERY,,‘create database v1‘,0
[[email protected] mysql]# tailf server_audit.log
20160705 16:25:24,test2,root,localhost,9,2544,QUERY,,‘set global server_audit_logging=on‘,0
20160705 16:25:38,test2,root,localhost,9,2545,QUERY,,‘show variables like \‘%audit%\‘‘,0
20160705 16:28:06,test2,root,localhost,9,2546,QUERY,,‘SELECT DATABASE()‘,0
20160705 16:28:10,test2,root,localhost,9,2548,QUERY,,‘show databases‘,0
20160705 16:28:44,test2,root,localhost,9,2549,QUERY,,‘create database v1‘,0
20160705 16:31:20,test2,root,localhost,9,2552,QUERY,,‘set global server_audit_events=\‘connect,query,table\‘‘,0
20160705 16:31:30,test2,root,localhost,9,2553,QUERY,,‘show variables like \‘%audit%\‘‘,0
20160705 16:31:35,test2,root,localhost,9,0,DISCONNECT,,,0
20160705 16:31:51,test2,root,localhost,24,0,CONNECT,,,0
20160705 16:31:51,test2,root,localhost,24,2555,QUERY,,‘select @@version_comment limit 1‘,0
20160705 16:33:44,test2,root,192.168.10.215,25,0,FAILED_CONNECT,,,1045
20160705 16:33:44,test2,root,192.168.10.215,25,0,DISCONNECT,,,0
20160705 16:33:53,test2,liuwei,192.168.10.215,26,0,CONNECT,,,0
20160705 16:35:21,test2,root,localhost,24,2561,QUERY,,‘show variables like \‘%audit%\‘‘,0
20160705 16:40:22,test2,root,localhost,24,2563,WRITE,mysql,user,
20160705 16:40:22,test2,root,localhost,24,2563,WRITE,mysql,db,
20160705 16:40:22,test2,root,localhost,24,2563,QUERY,mysql,‘grant all on *.* to [email protected]\‘%\‘ identified by *****‘,0

在配置文件中配置审计参数，因为global重启后就失效：

[mysqld]

server_audit_events=‘CONNECT,QUERY,TABLE‘

server_audit_logging=on

server_audit_file_rotate_size=200000

server_audit_file_rotations=10

server_audit_excl_users=‘liuwei‘

重启生效