sso单点登陆
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SSO在我们的应用中非常常见，例如我们在OA系统登录了，我们就可以直接进入采购系统，不需要再登录了，这样使我们非常方便。现在网上也有很多实现方法，于是乎我也想写一个看看。我主要用到的是cookie的机制。在此，分享给大家， 同时提供源代码下载。
进入主题：
工程说明
SSO的实现一般是会有一个SSO Server，也会叫认证中心，同时也会有被认证的系统，如OA系统、采购系统等，他们就相当于SSO Server的client。
为了更形象体现SSO，我写的SSO是有三个工程：一个SSO Server端口为8081，一个OA系统端口为8082，一个采购系统端口为8083。如图：
流程介绍
在整个SSO流程当，有两个流程非常重要，第一个是用户没有登录系统到登录系统的过程；第二是用户在一个系统当中已经登录（例如在OA系统中登录 了），但又想进入另一个系统（例如进入PRO系统）的过程，如果把这两个过程搞定了，那么SSO也就搞定了。我画了两幅图来说明这两个过程。
先看用户没有登录系统到登录系统的过程，如图：
1：用户通过URL访问OA系统。
2：在OA系统中的filter发现这个URL没有ticket（你暂且就把ticket看做是门票），此时就会跳转到SSO Server。
3：SSO Server中的filter发现该客户端中的cookie中没有相应信息，也即是一个没有登录的用户，那么会跳转到登录页面。
4：用户在登录页面填写相应信息，然后通过post方式提交到SSO Server中。
5：SSO Server会校验用户信息（我为了快，我的校验方式就是要用户名为：cloud，同时密码为：cloud），同时在cookie中放username。
6：将生成ticket和username放到JVMCache中，在实际项目应该放到Memcached中，它的用处等下分析。
7，8：就是在用户访问OA系统的URL基础上加上了一个ticket参数，这样跳转到OA系统。
（此时进入OA系统时，filter发现URL是带ticket的，则filter会根据带过来的ticket并通过HttpClient的形式去调用SSO Server中的TicektServlet，这样就会返回用户名，其实这个用户名就是从JVMCache拿到的，同时马上将这个ticket从JVMCache中移除，这样保证一个ticket只会用一次，然后把返回的用户名放到session中）
9：session中有了用户名，说明用户登录成功了，则会去本应该返问的servlet。
10，11：将OA系统返回的视图给用户。
第二过程，用户已经登录成功了，但要访问另一个系统，如图：
1：用户通过URL访问PRO系统。
2：在PRO系统中的filter发现这个URL没有ticket，此时就会跳转到SSO Server。此时，由于用户登录了，所以cookie中有相应的信息（例如用户名），此时SSO Server中的filter会生成一个ticket。
3：将生成的ticket和username放到JVMCache中。
4：就是在用户访问PRO系统的URL基础上加上了一个ticket参数，这样跳转到PRO系统。
（此时进入PRO系统时，filter发现URL是带ticket的，则filter会根据带过来的ticket并通过HttpClient的形式去调用SSO Server中的TicektServlet，这样就会返回用户名，其实这个用户名就是从JVMCache拿到的，同时马上将这个ticket从JVMCache中移除，这样保证一个ticket只会用一次，然后把返回的用户名放到session中）
5：session中有了用户名，说明用户登录成功了，则会去本应该返问的servlet。
5，7：将PRO系统返回的视图给用户。
关键代码
先看SSO Server工程中的代码：
pom.xml
（注意：端口为8081）
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.cloud.sso.server</groupId> <artifactId>sso-server</artifactId> <packaging>war</packaging> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <name>sso-server Maven Webapp</name> <url>http://maven.apache.org</url> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId> <version>2.5</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <finalName>sso-server</finalName> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.mortbay.jetty</groupId> <artifactId>jetty-maven-plugin</artifactId> <version>8.1.9.v20130131</version> <configuration> <stopKey>stop</stopKey> <stopPort>6000</stopPort> <webAppConfig> <contextPath>/sso</contextPath> </webAppConfig> <scanIntervalSeconds>4</scanIntervalSeconds> <connectors> <connector implementation="org.eclipse.jetty.server.nio.SelectChannelConnector"> <port>8081</port> <maxIdleTime>60000</maxIdleTime> </connector> </connectors> </configuration> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project>
SSO Server中的filter
SSOServerFilter.java
package com.cloud.sso.server.filter;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.Filter;
import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.Cookie;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import com.cloud.sso.server.JVMCache;
public class SSOServerFilter implements Filter {
@Override
public void destroy() {
}
@Override
public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException {
HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) servletRequest;
HttpServletResponse response = (HttpServletResponse) servletResponse;
String service = request.getParameter("service");
String ticket = request.getParameter("ticket");
Cookie[] cookies = request.getCookies();
String username = "";
if (null != cookies) {
for (Cookie cookie : cookies) {
if ("sso".equals(cookie.getName())) {
username = cookie.getValue();
break;
}
}
}
if (null == service && null != ticket) {
filterChain.doFilter(servletRequest, servletResponse);
return;
}
if (null != username && !"".equals(username)) {
long time = System.currentTimeMillis();
String timeString = username + time;
JVMCache.TICKET_AND_NAME.put(timeString, username);
StringBuilder url = new StringBuilder();
url.append(service);
if (0 <= service.indexOf("?")) {
url.append("&");
} else {
url.append("?");
}
url.append("ticket=").append(timeString);
response.sendRedirect(url.toString());
} else {
filterChain.doFilter(servletRequest, servletResponse);
}
}
@Override
public void init(FilterConfig arg0) throws ServletException {
}
}
两个servlet:
LoginServlet.java
package com.cloud.sso.server.servlet;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.Cookie;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import com.cloud.sso.server.JVMCache;
public class LoginServlet extends HttpServlet {
private static final long serialVersionUID = -3170191388656385924L;
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
this.doPost(request, response);
}
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
String username = request.getParameter("username");
String password = request.getParameter("password");
String service = request.getParameter("service");
if ("cloud".equals(username) && "cloud".equals(password)) {
Cookie cookie = new Cookie("sso", username);
cookie.setPath("/");
response.addCookie(cookie);
long time = System.currentTimeMillis();
String timeString = username + time;
JVMCache.TICKET_AND_NAME.put(timeString, username);
if (null != service) {
StringBuilder url = new StringBuilder();
url.append(service);
if (0 <= service.indexOf("?")) {
url.append("&");
} else {
url.append("?");
}
url.append("ticket=").append(timeString);
response.sendRedirect(url.toString());
} else {
response.sendRedirect("/sso/index.jsp");
}
} else {
response.sendRedirect("/sso/index.jsp?service=" + service);
}
}
}TicketServlet.java
package com.cloud.sso.server.servlet;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import com.cloud.sso.server.JVMCache;
public class TicketServlet extends HttpServlet {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 5964206637772848290L;
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
super.doGet(request, response);
}
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
String ticket = request.getParameter("ticket");
String username = JVMCache.TICKET_AND_NAME.get(ticket);
JVMCache.TICKET_AND_NAME.remove(ticket);
PrintWriter writer = response.getWriter();
writer.write(username);
}
}
JVMCache.java
package com.cloud.sso.server;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
public class JVMCache {
public static Map<String, String> TICKET_AND_NAME = new HashMap<String, String>();
}
web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:jsp="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/jsp" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5"> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list> <filter> <filter-name>ssoServerFilter</filter-name> <filter-class>com.cloud.sso.server.filter.SSOServerFilter</filter-class> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>ssoServerFilter</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <servlet> <servlet-name>login</servlet-name> <servlet-class>com.cloud.sso.server.servlet.LoginServlet</servlet-class> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>login</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/user/login</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <servlet> <servlet-name>ticket</servlet-name> <servlet-class>com.cloud.sso.server.servlet.TicketServlet</servlet-class> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>ticket</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/ticket</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> </web-app>
下面是OA系统中的代码：
pom.xml
（注意：端口为8082）
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.cloud.sso.oa</groupId> <artifactId>sso-oa</artifactId> <packaging>war</packaging> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <name>sso-oa Maven Webapp</name> <url>http://maven.apache.org</url> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId> <version>2.5</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>commons-httpclient</groupId> <artifactId>commons-httpclient</artifactId> <version>3.1</version> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <finalName>sso-oa</finalName> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.mortbay.jetty</groupId> <artifactId>jetty-maven-plugin</artifactId> <version>8.1.9.v20130131</version> <configuration> <stopKey>stop</stopKey> <stopPort>6000</stopPort> <webAppConfig> <contextPath>/oa</contextPath> </webAppConfig> <scanIntervalSeconds>4</scanIntervalSeconds> <connectors> <connector implementation="org.eclipse.jetty.server.nio.SelectChannelConnector"> <port>8082</port> <maxIdleTime>60000</maxIdleTime> </connector> </connectors> </configuration> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project>
OA系统中的filter：
SSOClientFilter.java
package com.cloud.sso.oa.filter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import javax.servlet.Filter;
import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpClient;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.PostMethod;
public class SSOClientFilter implements Filter {
@Override
public void destroy() {
}
@Override
public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException {
HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) servletRequest;
HttpServletResponse response = (HttpServletResponse) servletResponse;
HttpSession session = request.getSession();
String username = (String) session.getAttribute("username");
String ticket = request.getParameter("ticket");
String url = URLEncoder.encode(request.getRequestURL().toString(), "UTF-8");
if (null == username) {
if (null != ticket && !"".equals(ticket)) {
PostMethod postMethod = new PostMethod("http://localhost:8081/sso/ticket");
postMethod.addParameter("ticket", ticket);
HttpClient httpClient = new HttpClient();
try {
httpClient.executeMethod(postMethod);
username = postMethod.getResponseBodyAsString();
postMethod.releaseConnection();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
if (null != username && !"".equals(username)) {
session.setAttribute("username", username);
filterChain.doFilter(request, response);
} else {
response.sendRedirect("http://localhost:8081/sso/index.jsp?service=" + url);
}
} else {
response.sendRedirect("http://localhost:8081/sso/index.jsp?service=" + url);
}
} else {
filterChain.doFilter(request, response);
}
}
@Override
public void init(FilterConfig arg0) throws ServletException {
}
}
OAServlet.java
package com.cloud.sso.oa.servlet;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
public class OAServlet extends HttpServlet {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 3615122544373006252L;
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
request.getRequestDispatcher("/WEB-INF/jsp/welcome.jsp").forward(request, response);
}
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
this.doGet(request, response);
}
}
web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:jsp="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/jsp" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5"> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list> <filter> <filter-name>ssoClientFilter</filter-name> <filter-class>com.cloud.sso.oa.filter.SSOClientFilter</filter-class> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>ssoClientFilter</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <servlet> <servlet-name>list</servlet-name> <servlet-class>com.cloud.sso.oa.servlet.OAServlet</servlet-class> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>list</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/list</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> </web-app>
下面是PRO系统的代码：
pom.xml
（注意：端口为8083）
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.cloud.sso.pro</groupId> <artifactId>sso-pro</artifactId> <packaging>war</packaging> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <name>sso-pro Maven Webapp</name> <url>http://maven.apache.org</url> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId> <version>2.5</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>commons-httpclient</groupId> <artifactId>commons-httpclient</artifactId> <version>3.1</version> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <finalName>sso-pro</finalName> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.mortbay.jetty</groupId> <artifactId>jetty-maven-plugin</artifactId> <version>8.1.9.v20130131</version> <configuration> <stopKey>stop</stopKey> <stopPort>6000</stopPort> <webAppConfig> <contextPath>/pro</contextPath> </webAppConfig> <scanIntervalSeconds>4</scanIntervalSeconds> <connectors> <connector implementation="org.eclipse.jetty.server.nio.SelectChannelConnector"> <port>8083</port> <maxIdleTime>60000</maxIdleTime> </connector> </connectors> </configuration> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project>
PRO系统中的filter
SSOClientFilter.java
package com.cloud.sso.pro.filter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import javax.servlet.Filter;
import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpClient;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.PostMethod;
public class SSOClientFilter implements Filter {
@Override
public void destroy() {
}
@Override
public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException {
HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) servletRequest;
HttpServletResponse response = (HttpServletResponse) servletResponse;
HttpSession session = request.getSession();
String username = (String) session.getAttribute("username");
String ticket = request.getParameter("ticket");
String url = URLEncoder.encode(request.getRequestURL().toString(), "UTF-8");
if (null == username) {
if (null != ticket && !"".equals(ticket)) {
PostMethod postMethod = new PostMethod("http://localhost:8081/sso/ticket");
postMethod.addParameter("ticket", ticket);
HttpClient httpClient = new HttpClient();
try {
httpClient.executeMethod(postMethod);
username = postMethod.getResponseBodyAsString();
postMethod.releaseConnection();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
if (null != username && !"".equals(username)) {
session.setAttribute("username", username);
filterChain.doFilter(request, response);
} else {
response.sendRedirect("http://localhost:8081/sso/index.jsp?service=" + url);
}
} else {
response.sendRedirect("http://localhost:8081/sso/index.jsp?service=" + url);
}
} else {
filterChain.doFilter(request, response);
}
}
@Override
public void init(FilterConfig arg0) throws ServletException {
}
}
ProServlet.java
package com.cloud.sso.pro.servlet;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
public class ProServlet extends HttpServlet {
private static final long serialVersionUID = -1334093914490423930L;
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
request.getRequestDispatcher("/WEB-INF/jsp/welcome.jsp").forward(request, response);
}
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
super.doPost(request, response);
}
}
web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:jsp="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/jsp" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5"> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list> <filter> <filter-name>ssoClientFilter</filter-name> <filter-class>com.cloud.sso.pro.filter.SSOClientFilter</filter-class> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>ssoClientFilter</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <servlet> <servlet-name>list</servlet-name> <servlet-class>com.cloud.sso.pro.servlet.ProServlet</servlet-class> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>list</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/list</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> </web-app>
运行结果：
1：分别启动这三个工程。
2：访问OA系统，URL：http://localhost:8082/oa/list
3：这样到登录页面，如图：
4：用户名为：cloud，密码为：cloud，点击登录则会显示，如图：
5：然后去进入PRO系统，URL：http://localhost:8083/pro/list，则就不需要登录了，直接进入，如图：
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