Xtrabackup 使用stream输出并压缩备份

Posted 2020-08-22 hufangrui

mysql:5.6.29
xtrabackup:2.2.10
mysql数据目录:/data/mysql
mysql备份目录:/data/dbbak/full #确保有足够的磁盘空间

1、安装依赖

yum -y install libaio perl-Time-HiRes perl-DBD-MySQL perl-IO-Socket-SSL rsync.x86_64

2、安装xtrabackup

rpm -ivh percona-xtrabackup-2.2.10-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

3、在数据库创建备份账号

mysql> CREATE USER ‘bkpuser‘@‘localhost‘ IDENTIFIED BY ‘s3cret‘;
mysql> GRANT RELOAD, LOCK TABLES, REPLICATION CLIENT,Process ON *.* TO ‘bkpuser‘@‘localhost‘;
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

4、使用xbstream备份

time innobackupex --user=bkpuser  --password=s3cret  --no-timestamp --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf  /data/dbbak/full --tmpdir=/data/dbbak/full -stream=xbstream|gzip - > /data/dbbak/full/full.xbstream.gz
161124 10:08:50  innobackupex: Connection to database server closed
161124 10:08:50  innobackupex: completed OK!

real    0m37.613s
user    0m28.506s
sys    0m3.186s
解压
time gzip -d full.xbstream.gz
real    0m26.678s
user    0m13.405s
sys    0m2.354s
time xbstream -x <full.xbstream
real    1m7.379s
user    0m6.055s
sys    0m11.173s

5、使用tar备份

time innobackupex --user=bkpuser  --password=s3cret  --no-timestamp --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf  /data/dbbak/full --tmpdir=/data/dbbak/full --stream=tar |gzip - > /data/dbbak/full/full.tar.gz
innobackupex: You must use -i (--ignore-zeros) option for extraction of the tar stream.
161124 10:09:53  innobackupex: completed OK!

real    0m34.934s
user    0m26.500s
sys    0m2.816s
解压
time tar -ixzvf /data/dbbak/full/full.tar.gz

real    0m27.310s
user    0m12.818s
sys    0m3.735s

或者
gzip -d /data/dbbak/full/full.tar.gz
tar -ixvf /data/dbbak/full/full.tar.gz
推荐使用tar -ixzvf /data/dbbak/full/full.tar.gz 解压

6、对比2种导出的文件大小

[[email protected]_166_129 full]# ll
total 95232
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 48704253 Nov 24 10:09 full.tar.gz
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 48809971 Nov 24 10:23 full.xbstream.gz

7、总结
使用--stream=tar备份，压缩、解压、已经压缩后的大小都优于-stream=xbstream,推荐使用--stream=tar方式压缩,解压时还可以配合tar。