Java中定义常量(Constant)
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- /**
- * Method One
- */
- interface ConstantInterface {
- String SUNDAY = "SUNDAY";
- String MONDAY = "MONDAY";
- String TUESDAY = "TUESDAY";
- String WEDNESDAY = "WEDNESDAY";
- String THURSDAY = "THURSDAY";
- String FRIDAY = "FRIDAY";
- String SATURDAY = "SATURDAY";
- }
- /**
- * Method Two
- */
- enum ConstantEnum {
- SUNDAY, MONDAY, TUESDAY, WEDNESDAY, THURSDAY, FRIDAY, SATURDAY
- }
- /**
- * Method Three
- */
- class ConstantClassField {
- public static final String SUNDAY = "SUNDAY";
- public static final String MONDAY = "MONDAY";
- public static final String TUESDAY = "TUESDAY";
- public static final String WEDNESDAY = "WEDNESDAY";
- public static final String THURSDAY = "THURSDAY";
- public static final String FRIDAY = "FRIDAY";
- public static final String SATURDAY = "SATURDAY";
- }
- /**
- * Method Four
- * http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/java/l-java-interface/index.html
- */
- class ConstantClassFunction {
- private static final String SUNDAY = "SUNDAY";
- private static final String MONDAY = "MONDAY";
- private static final String TUESDAY = "TUESDAY";
- private static final String WEDNESDAY = "WEDNESDAY";
- private static final String THURSDAY = "THURSDAY";
- private static final String FRIDAY = "FRIDAY";
- private static final String SATURDAY = "SATURDAY";
- public static String getSunday() {
- return SUNDAY;
- }
- public static String getMonday() {
- return MONDAY;
- }
- public static String getTuesday() {
- return TUESDAY;
- }
- public static String getWednesday() {
- return WEDNESDAY;
- }
- public static String getThursday() {
- return THURSDAY;
- }
- public static String getFirday() {
- return FRIDAY;
- }
- public static String getSaturday() {
- return SATURDAY;
- }
- }
- public class TestConstant {
- static final String day = "saturday";
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- System.out.println("Is today Saturday?");
- System.out.println(day.equalsIgnoreCase(ConstantInterface.SATURDAY));
- System.out.println(day.equalsIgnoreCase(ConstantEnum.SATURDAY.name()));
- System.out.println(day.equalsIgnoreCase(ConstantClassField.SATURDAY));
- System.out.println(day.equalsIgnoreCase(ConstantClassFunction
- .getSaturday()));
- }
- }
方法一采用接口(Interface)的中变量默认为static final的特性。
方法二采用了Java 5.0中引入的Enum类型。
方法三采用了在普通类中使用static final修饰变量的方法。
方法四类似方法三,但是通过函数来获取常量。
首先定义全局变量似乎有违Java的面向对象的封装特性,增加的耦合。所以最佳的方法是避免定义全局变量。如果是参数等,可以写入配置文件。如果实在是必须的,方法二是最为推荐的。方法三是大家都能想到的,非常的直观。方法一和方法三本质上一样。方法四提供了灵活性,具体参考引用【1】。
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