判断系统架构

Posted 2020-08-17 < / >

调用WMI

　　可以用Win32_Processor类里面的AddressWidth属性来表示系统的位宽，但AddressWidth的值受CPU和操作系统的双重影响。

　　具体的值如下面的表格所示：

	32bit OS	64bit OS
32bit CPU	AddressWidth = 32	N/A
64bit CPU	AddressWidth = 32	AddressWidth = 64

　　用下面的代码得到AddressWidth的值(注意需添加引用System.Management）

 1 public string Detect3264()
 2 {
 3     ManagementScope Ms = new ManagementScope("\\\\localhost", new ConnectionOptions());
 4     ObjectQuery Query = new ObjectQuery("select AddressWidth from Win32_Processor");
 5     ManagementObjectSearcher Searcher = new ManagementObjectSearcher(Ms, Query);
 6     ManagementObjectCollection ReturnCollection = Searcher.Get();
 7     string addressWidth = null;
 8     foreach (ManagementObject Return in ReturnCollection)
 9     {
10         addressWidth = Return["AddressWidth"].ToString();
11     }
12     return addressWidth;
13 }

 

调用Environment

1 bool Is64Bit = Environment.Is64BitOperatingSystem;

　　为true则表示是64位，如返回值为false则表示为32位。

 

利用IntPtr结构获取系统位宽

　　这个方法也是最直接的方法，但是有条件限制，利用IntPtr结构的size属性来查看系统的位宽，程序需要采用any CPU的方式进行编辑。正常情况下int的位宽是4位，即是32位操作系统。

1 switch (IntPtr.Size)
2 {
3     case 4:break;   //32Bit
4     case 8:break;   //64Bit
5     default:break;  //Other
6 }

　　或者

1 switch (Marshal.SizeOf(IntPtr.Zero))
2 {
3     case 4:break;   //32Bit
4     case 8:break;   //64Bit
5     default:break;  //Other
6 }

 

使用API

　　64位Wnidows 里面有个叫Wow64 的模拟器技术，可以使32位的程序在64位Windows 上运行。 当你想在程序里面针对32b位/ 64位系统执行不同代码的时候， 需要判断操作系统是32位还是64位。 使用 Windows API函数 GetNativeSystemInfo 可以获得这个信息。（注意是GetNativeSystemInfo  函数从Windows XP 开始才有， 而 IsWow64Process  函数从 Windows XP with SP2 以及 Windows Server 2003 with SP1 开始才有。 ）

　　所以为了程序不出错，最好用GetSystemInfo或者两个API看情况调用（代码使用两个API，分类使用）

 1 public enum Platform
 2 {
 3     X86,
 4     X64,
 5     IA64,
 6     Unknown
 7 }
 8     
 9 const ushort PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE_INTEL = 0;
10 const ushort PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE_IA64 = 6;
11 const ushort PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE_AMD64 = 9;
12 const ushort PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE_UNKNOWN = 0xFFFF;
13     
14 [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
15 internal struct SYSTEM_INFO
16 {   
17     public ushort wProcessorArchitecture;
18     public ushort wReserved;
19     public uint dwPageSize;
20     public IntPtr lpMinimumApplicationAddress;
21     public IntPtr lpMaximumApplicationAddress;
22     public UIntPtr dwActiveProcessorMask;
23     public uint dwNumberOfProcessors;
24     public uint dwProcessorType;
25     public uint dwAllocationGranularity;
26     public ushort wProcessorLevel;
27     public ushort wProcessorRevision;
28 };
29 
30 [DllImport("kernel32.dll")]
31 static extern void GetNativeSystemInfo(ref SYSTEM_INFO lpSystemInfo);
32 
33 [DllImport("kernel32.dll")]
34 static extern void GetSystemInfo(ref SYSTEM_INFO lpSystemInfo);
35     
36 public Platform GetPlatform()
37 {
38     SYSTEM_INFO sysInfo = new SYSTEM_INFO();
39     
40     if(System.Environment.OSVersion.Version.Major > 5 ||
41        (System.Environment.OSVersion.Version.Major == 5 && System.Environment.OSVersion.Version.Minor >= 1))
42     {
43         GetNativeSystemInfo(ref sysInfo);
44     }
45     else
46     {
47         GetSystemInfo(ref sysInfo);
48     }
49     
50     switch(sysInfo.wProcessorArchitecture)
51     {
52         case PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE_IA64:
53             return Platform.IA64;
54 
55         case PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE_AMD64:
56             return Platform.X64;
57             
58         case PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE_INTEL:
59             return Platform.X86;
60             
61         default:
62             return Platform.Unknown;
63     }
64 }

　　Windows API 还提供了 IsWow64Process 函数判断程序是不是运行在Wow64模拟器之上。

 1 [DllImport("kernel32.dll")]
 2 static extern IntPtr GetCurrentProcess();
 3 
 4 [DllImport("kernel32.dll", SetLastError = true, CallingConvention = CallingConvention.Winapi)]
 5 [return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)]
 6 static extern bool IsWow64Process(
 7     [In] IntPtr processHandle,
 8     [Out, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)] out bool wow64Process);
 9 
10 isWow64 = false;
11 if ((System.Environment.OSVersion.Version.Major == 5 && System.Environment.OSVersion.Version.Minor >= 1) ||
12     System.Environment.OSVersion.Version.Major > 5)
13 {
14     SafeProcessHandle processHandle = GetProcessHandle((uint)System.Diagnostics.Process.GetCurrentProcess().Id);
15     //或者 SafeProcessHandle processHandle = GetProcessHandle(GetCurrentProcess());
16     if (!NativeMethods.IsWow64Process(processHandle, out isWow64))
17     {
18         throw new Win32Exception(Marshal.GetLastWin32Error());
19     }
20 }

　　还有GetProcAddress，在这里就不赘述了。