浅谈机器人控制与仿真设计----RDS和ROS

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机器人控制、仿真或实验,主要由三个部分组成,机器人环境算法

当然各部分又包含很多子部分和功能,这里主要以仿真为主,为了使得仿真结果能够直接应用到实际机器人上,这里分别以RDSROS对比介绍。http://download.csdn.net/detail/zhangrelay/9629847

1 机器人

机器人的控制算法主要基于运动学或动力学设计,使机器人在环境中以期望速度或轨迹运动,当然要避障,这与环境相关,放在第二部分。机器人装备传感器感知环境,由算法做出决策,发送到运动执行机构,在加入学习能力之后,可以依据环境做出有利于自身的动态调整,以便于更好的适应环境和完成任务。

RDS:


    

以P3DX为例:


配置代码如下:

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<Manifest xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/xw/2004/10/manifest.html">
  <CreateServiceList>
    <ServiceRecordType>
      <Contract xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/xw/2004/10/dssp.html">http://schemas.microsoft.com/robotics/2006/04/simulationengine.html</Contract>
      <PartnerList xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/xw/2004/10/dssp.html">
        <Partner>
          <Contract>http://schemas.microsoft.com/robotics/2006/04/simulationengine.html</Contract>
          <Service>P3DX.xml</Service>
          <PartnerList />
          <Name>StateService</Name>
        </Partner>
      </PartnerList>
    </ServiceRecordType>
    <ServiceRecordType>
      <Contract xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/xw/2004/10/dssp.html">http://schemas.microsoft.com/robotics/simulation/services/2006/05/simulateddifferentialdrive.html</Contract>
      <PartnerList xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/xw/2004/10/dssp.html">
        <Partner>
          <Service>http://localhost/P3DXMotorBase</Service>
          <PartnerList />
          <Name xmlns:q1="http://schemas.microsoft.com/robotics/2006/04/simulation.html">q1:Entity</Name>
        </Partner>
      </PartnerList>
    </ServiceRecordType>
    <ServiceRecordType>
      <Contract xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/xw/2004/10/dssp.html">http://schemas.microsoft.com/robotics/simulation/services/2006/05/simulatedlrf.html</Contract>
      <PartnerList xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/xw/2004/10/dssp.html">
        <Partner>
          <Service>http://localhost/P3DXLaserRangeFinder</Service>
          <PartnerList />
          <Name xmlns:q2="http://schemas.microsoft.com/robotics/2006/04/simulation.html">q2:Entity</Name>
        </Partner>
      </PartnerList>
    </ServiceRecordType>
    <ServiceRecordType>
      <Contract xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/xw/2004/10/dssp.html">http://schemas.microsoft.com/robotics/simulation/services/2006/05/simulatedbumper.html</Contract>
      <PartnerList xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/xw/2004/10/dssp.html">
        <Partner>
          <Service>http://localhost/P3DXBumpers</Service>
          <PartnerList />
          <Name xmlns:q3="http://schemas.microsoft.com/robotics/2006/04/simulation.html">q3:Entity</Name>
        </Partner>
      </PartnerList>
    </ServiceRecordType>
    <ServiceRecordType>
      <Contract xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/xw/2004/10/dssp.html">http://schemas.microsoft.com/2006/09/simulatedwebcam.html</Contract>
      <PartnerList xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/xw/2004/10/dssp.html">
        <Partner>
          <Service>http://localhost/robocam</Service>
          <PartnerList />
          <Name xmlns:q4="http://schemas.microsoft.com/robotics/2006/04/simulation.html">q4:Entity</Name>
        </Partner>
      </PartnerList>
    </ServiceRecordType>
    <ServiceRecordType>
      <Contract xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/xw/2004/10/dssp.html">http://schemas.microsoft.com/robotics/simulation/services/2011/01/simulateddepthcam.html</Contract>
      <PartnerList xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/xw/2004/10/dssp.html">
        <Partner>
          <Service>http://localhost/KinectCamera</Service>
          <PartnerList />
          <Name xmlns:q5="http://schemas.microsoft.com/robotics/2006/04/simulation.html">q5:Entity</Name>
        </Partner>
      </PartnerList>
    </ServiceRecordType>
    <ServiceRecordType>
      <Contract xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/xw/2004/10/dssp.html">http://schemas.microsoft.com/robotics/2011/01/simulatedwebcamsensor.html</Contract>
      <PartnerList xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/xw/2004/10/dssp.html">
        <Partner>
          <Service>http://localhost/SimulatedWebcam</Service>
          <PartnerList />
          <Name xmlns:q6="http://schemas.microsoft.com/robotics/2006/04/simulation.html">q6:Entity</Name>
        </Partner>
      </PartnerList>
    </ServiceRecordType>
  </CreateServiceList>
</Manifest>
分别配置了差动底盘、激光传感器、碰撞传感器和深度视觉摄像头等。
完整版本配置如下:

    <Pioneer3DX xmlns:sim="http://schemas.microsoft.com/robotics/2006/04/simulation.html" xmlns:physm="http://schemas.microsoft.com/robotics/2006/07/physicalmodel.html" xmlns:phys="http://schemas.microsoft.com/robotics/2006/04/simulation/physics.html" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/robotics/2006/04/simulationengine.html">
      <sim:State>
        <sim:Name>P3DXMotorBase</sim:Name>
        <sim:Assets>
          <sim:Mesh>Pioneer3dx.bos</sim:Mesh>
          <sim:Effect>default</sim:Effect>
        </sim:Assets>
        <sim:Pose>
          <physm:Position>
            <physm:X>2</physm:X>
            <physm:Y>0.077099</physm:Y>
            <physm:Z>2</physm:Z>
          </physm:Position>
          <physm:Orientation>
            <physm:X>0</physm:X>
            <physm:Y>2.0103019E-07</physm:Y>
            <physm:Z>-7.260728E-10</physm:Z>
            <physm:W>1</physm:W>
          </physm:Orientation>
        </sim:Pose>
        <sim:Velocity>
          <physm:X>-3.3154862E-07</physm:X>
          <physm:Y>1.32271339E-07</physm:Y>
          <physm:Z>-3.06670131E-07</physm:Z>
        </sim:Velocity>
        <sim:AngularVelocity>
          <physm:X>-4.037088E-06</physm:X>
          <physm:Y>-5.273405E-06</physm:Y>
          <physm:Z>9.124161E-06</physm:Z>
        </sim:AngularVelocity>
        <sim:MassDensity>
          <phys:Mass>11</phys:Mass>
          <phys:InertiaTensor>
            <physm:X>0</physm:X>
            <physm:Y>0</physm:Y>
            <physm:Z>0</physm:Z>
          </phys:InertiaTensor>
          <phys:CenterOfMass>
            <physm:Position>
              <physm:X>0</physm:X>
              <physm:Y>0</physm:Y>
              <physm:Z>0</physm:Z>
            </physm:Position>
            <physm:Orientation>
              <physm:X>0</physm:X>
              <physm:Y>0</physm:Y>
              <physm:Z>0</physm:Z>
              <physm:W>0</physm:W>
            </physm:Orientation>
          </phys:CenterOfMass>
          <phys:Density>0</phys:Density>
          <phys:LinearDamping>0</phys:LinearDamping>
          <phys:AngularDamping>0</phys:AngularDamping>
          <phys:MassLocalPose>
            <physm:Position>
              <physm:X>0</physm:X>
              <physm:Y>0</physm:Y>
              <physm:Z>0</physm:Z>
            </physm:Position>
            <physm:Orientation>
              <physm:X>0</physm:X>
              <physm:Y>0</physm:Y>
              <physm:Z>0</physm:Z>
              <physm:W>1</physm:W>
            </physm:Orientation>
          </phys:MassLocalPose>
        </sim:MassDensity>
        <sim:Flags>Dynamic</sim:Flags>
      </sim:State>
      <Flags>None</Flags>
      <ChildCount>4</ChildCount>
      <ReferenceFrame>Global</ReferenceFrame>
      <ServiceContract>http://schemas.microsoft.com/robotics/simulation/services/2006/05/simulateddifferentialdrive.html</ServiceContract>
      <EmbeddedResourceAssemblies />
      <MeshScale>
        <physm:X>1</physm:X>
        <physm:Y>1</physm:Y>
        <physm:Z>1</physm:Z>
      </MeshScale>
      <MeshRotation>
        <physm:X>0</physm:X>
        <physm:Y>0</physm:Y>
        <physm:Z>0</physm:Z>
      </MeshRotation>
      <MeshTranslation>
        <physm:X>0</physm:X>
        <physm:Y>0</physm:Y>
        <physm:Z>0</physm:Z>
      </MeshTranslation>
      <IsEnabled>true</IsEnabled>
      <MotorTorqueScaling>20</MotorTorqueScaling>
      <RightWheel>
        <sim:State>
          <sim:Name>P3DXMotorBase:Right wheel</sim:Name>
          <sim:Assets>
            <sim:Mesh>PioneerWheel.bos</sim:Mesh>
          </sim:Assets>
          <sim:Pose>
            <physm:Position>
              <physm:X>2</physm:X>
              <physm:Y>0.077099</physm:Y>
              <physm:Z>2</physm:Z>
            </physm:Position>
            <physm:Orientation>
              <physm:X>0</physm:X>
              <physm:Y>2.0103019E-07</physm:Y>
              <physm:Z>-7.260728E-10</physm:Z>
              <physm:W>1</physm:W>
            </physm:Orientation>
          </sim:Pose>
          <sim:Velocity>
            <physm:X>0</physm:X>
            <physm:Y>0</physm:Y>
            <physm:Z>0</physm:Z>
          </sim:Velocity>
          <sim:AngularVelocity>
            <physm:X>0</physm:X>
            <physm:Y>0</physm:Y>
            <physm:Z>0</physm:Z>
          </sim:AngularVelocity>
          <sim:MassDensity>
            <phys:Mass>0</phys:Mass>
            <phys:InertiaTensor>
              <physm:X>0</physm:X>
              <physm:Y>0</physm:Y>
              <physm:Z>0</physm:Z>
            </phys:InertiaTensor>
            <phys:CenterOfMass>
              <physm:Position>
                <physm:X>0</physm:X>
                <physm:Y>0</physm:Y>
                <physm:Z>0</physm:Z>
              </physm:Position>
              <physm:Orientation>
                <physm:X>0</physm:X>
                <physm:Y>0</physm:Y>
                <physm:Z>0</physm:Z>
                <physm:W>0</physm:W>
              </physm:Orientation>
            </phys:CenterOfMass>
            <phys:Density>0</phys:Density>
            <phys:LinearDamping>0</phys:LinearDamping>
            <phys:AngularDamping>0</phys:AngularDamping>
            <phys:MassLocalPose>
              <physm:Position>
                <physm:X>0</physm:X>
                <physm:Y>0</physm:Y>
                <physm:Z>0</physm:Z>
              </physm:Position>
              <physm:Orientation>
                <physm:X>0</physm:X>
                <physm:Y>0</physm:Y>
                <physm:Z>0</physm:Z>
                <physm:W>0</physm:W>
              </physm:Orientation>
            </phys:MassLocalPose>
          </sim:MassDensity>
          <sim:Flags>Dynamic</sim:Flags>
        </sim:State>
        <Flags>None</Flags>
        <ChildCount>0</ChildCount>
        <ReferenceFrame>Global</ReferenceFrame>
        <EmbeddedResourceAssemblies />
        <MeshScale>
          <physm:X>1</physm:X>
          <physm:Y>1</physm:Y>
          <physm:Z>1</physm:Z>
        </MeshScale>
        <MeshRotation>
          <physm:X>0</physm:X>
          <physm:Y>180</physm:Y>
          <physm:Z>0</physm:Z>
        </MeshRotation>
        <MeshTranslation>
          <physm:X>0</physm:X>
          <physm:Y>0</physm:Y>
          <physm:Z>0</physm:Z>
        </MeshTranslation>
        <WheelShape>
          <phys:WheelState>
            <phys:Name>P3DXMotorBase/front right wheel</phys:Name>
            <phys:ShapeId>Wheel</phys:ShapeId>
            <phys:Dimensions>
              <physm:X>0</physm:X>
              <physm:Y>0</physm:Y>
              <physm:Z>0</physm:Z>
            </phys:Dimensions>
            <phys:Radius>0.08</phys:Radius>
            <phys:Material>
              <phys:Name>default wheel material</phys:Name>
              <phys:Restitution>0</phys:Restitution>
              <phys:DynamicFriction>0</phys:DynamicFriction>
              <phys:StaticFriction>0</phys:StaticFriction>
              <phys:MaterialIndex>497</phys:MaterialIndex>
            </phys:Material>
            <phys:MassDensity>
              <phys:Mass>0.1</phys:Mass>
              <phys:InertiaTensor>
                <physm:X>0</physm:X>
                <physm:Y>0</physm:Y>
                <physm:Z>0</physm:Z>
              </phys:InertiaTensor>
              <phys:CenterOfMass>
                <physm:Position>
                  <physm:X>0</physm:X>
                  <physm:Y>0</physm:Y>
                  <physm:Z>0</physm:Z>
                </physm:Position>
                <physm:Orientation>
                  <physm:X>0</physm:X>
                  <physm:Y>0</physm:Y>
                  <physm:Z>0</physm:Z>
                  <physm:W>0</physm:W>
                </physm:Orientation>
              </phys:CenterOfMass>
              <phys:Density>0</phys:Density>
              <phys:LinearDamping>0</phys:LinearDamping>
              <phys:AngularDamping>0</phys:AngularDamping>
              <phys:MassLocalPose>
                <physm:Position>
                  <physm:X>0</physm:X>
                  <physm:Y>0</physm:Y>
                  <physm:Z>0</physm:Z>
                </physm:Position>
                <physm:Orientation>
                  <physm:X>0</physm:X>
                  <physm:Y>0</physm:Y>
                  <physm:Z>0</physm:Z>
                  <physm:W>0</physm:W>
                </physm:Orientation>
              </phys:MassLocalPose>
            </phys:MassDensity>
            <phys:LocalPose>
              <physm:Position>
                <physm:X>0.1565</physm:X>
                <physm:Y>0.08</physm:Y>
                <physm:Z>-0.05</physm:Z>
              </physm:Position>
              <physm:Orientation>
                <physm:X>0.842458248</physm:X>
                <physm:Y>0</physm:Y>
                <physm:Z>0</physm:Z>
                <physm:W>0.5387616</physm:W>
              </physm:Orientation>
            </phys:LocalPose>
            <phys:TextureFileName />
            <phys:DiffuseColor>
              <physm:X>0.5</physm:X>
              <physm:Y>0.5</physm:Y>
              <physm:Z>0.5</physm:Z>
              <physm:W>1</physm:W>
            </phys:DiffuseColor>
            <phys:EnableContactNotifications>false</phys:EnableContactNotifications>
            <phys:InnerRadius>0.055999998</phys:InnerRadius>
            <phys:SuspensionTravel>0</phys:SuspensionTravel>
            <phys:Flags>OverrideAxleSpeed</phys:Flags>
            <phys:AxleSpeed>0</phys:AxleSpeed>
            <phys:BrakeTorque>0</phys:BrakeTorque>
          </phys:WheelState>
        </WheelShape>
        <Rotations>-8.31889248</Rotations>
      </RightWheel>
      <LeftWheel>
        <sim:State>
          <sim:Name>P3DXMotorBase:Left wheel</sim:Name>
          <sim:Assets>
            <sim:Mesh>PioneerWheel.bos</sim:Mesh>
          </sim:Assets>
          <sim:Pose>
            <physm:Position>
              <physm:X>2</physm:X>
              <physm:Y>0.077099</physm:Y>
              <physm:Z>2</physm:Z>
            </physm:Position>
            <physm:Orientation>
              <physm:X>0</physm:X>
              <physm:Y>2.0103019E-07</physm:Y>
              <physm:Z>-7.260728E-10</physm:Z>
              <physm:W>1</physm:W>
            </physm:Orientation>
          </sim:Pose>
          <sim:Velocity>
            <physm:X>0</physm:X>
            <physm:Y>0</physm:Y>
            <physm:Z>0</physm:Z>
          </sim:Velocity>
          <sim:AngularVelocity>
            <physm:X>0</physm:X>
            <physm:Y>0</physm:Y>
            <physm:Z>0</physm:Z>
          </sim:AngularVelocity>
          <sim:MassDensity>
            <phys:Mass>0</phys:Mass>
            <phys:InertiaTensor>
              <physm:X>0</physm:X>
              <physm:Y>0</physm:Y>
              <physm:Z>0</physm:Z>
            </phys:InertiaTensor>
            <phys:CenterOfMass>
              <physm:Position>
                <physm:X>0</physm:X>
                <physm:Y>0</physm:Y>
                <physm:Z>0</physm:Z>
              </physm:Position>
              <physm:Orientation>
                <physm:X>0</physm:X>
                <physm:Y>0</physm:Y>
                <physm:Z>0</physm:Z>
                <physm:W>0</physm:W>
              </physm:Orientation>
            </phys:CenterOfMass>
            <phys:Density>0</phys:Density>
            <phys:LinearDamping>0</phys:LinearDamping>
            <phys:AngularDamping>0</phys:AngularDamping>
            <phys:MassLocalPose>
              <physm:Position>
                <physm:X>0</physm:X>
                <physm:Y>0</physm:Y>
                <physm:Z>0</physm:Z>
              </physm:Position>
              <physm:Orientation>
                <physm:X>0</physm:X>
                <physm:Y>0</physm:Y>
                <physm:Z>0</physm:Z>
                <physm:W>0</physm:W>
              </physm:Orientation>
            </phys:MassLocalPose>
          </sim:MassDensity>
          <sim:Flags>Dynamic</sim:Flags>
        </sim:State>
        <Flags>None</Flags>
        <ChildCount>0</ChildCount>
        <ReferenceFrame>Global</ReferenceFrame>
        <EmbeddedResourceAssemblies />
        <MeshScale>
          <physm:X>1</physm:X>
          <physm:Y>1</physm:Y>
          <physm:Z>1</physm:Z>
        </MeshScale>
        <MeshRotation>
          <physm:X>0</physm:X>
          <physm:Y>0</physm:Y>
          <physm:Z>0</physm:Z>
        </MeshRotation>
        <MeshTranslation>
          <physm:X>0</physm:X>
          <physm:Y>0</physm:Y>
          <physm:Z>0</physm:Z>
        </MeshTranslation>
        <WheelShape>
          <phys:WheelState>
            <phys:Name>P3DXMotorBase/front left wheel</phys:Name>
            <phys:ShapeId>Wheel</phys:ShapeId>
            <phys:Dimensions>
              <physm:X>0</physm:X>
              <physm:Y>0</physm:Y>
              <physm:Z>0</physm:Z>
            </phys:Dimensions>
            <phys:Radius>0.08</phys:Radius>
            <phys:Material>
              <phys:Name>default wheel material</phys:Name>
              <phys:Restitution>0</phys:Restitution>
              <phys:DynamicFriction>0</phys:DynamicFriction>
              <phys:StaticFriction>0</phys:StaticFriction>
              <phys:MaterialIndex>496</phys:MaterialIndex>
            </phys:Material>
            <phys:MassDensity>
              <phys:Mass>0.1</phys:Mass>
              <phys:InertiaTensor>
                <physm:X>0</physm:X>
                <physm:Y>0</physm:Y>
                <physm:Z>0</physm:Z>
              </phys:InertiaTensor>
              <phys:CenterOfMass>
                <physm:Position>
                  <physm:X>0</physm:X>
                  <physm:Y>0</physm:Y>
                  <physm:Z>0</physm:Z>
                </physm:Position>
                <physm:Orientation>
                  <physm:X>0</physm:X>
                  <physm:Y>0</physm:Y>
                  <physm:Z>0</physm:Z>
                  <physm:W>0</physm:W>
                </physm:Orientation>
              </phys:CenterOfMass>
              <phys:Density>0</phys:Density>
              <phys:LinearDamping>0</phys:LinearDamping>
              <phys:AngularDamping>0</phys:AngularDamping>
              <phys:MassLocalPose>
                <physm:Position>
                  <physm:X>0</physm:X>
                  <physm:Y>0</physm:Y>
                  <physm:Z>0</physm:Z>
                </physm:Position>
                <physm:Orientation>
                  <physm:X>0</physm:X>
                  <physm:Y>0</physm:Y>
                  <physm:Z>0</physm:Z>
                  <physm:W>0</physm:W>
                </physm:Orientation>
              </phys:MassLocalPose>
            </phys:MassDensity>
            <phys:LocalPose>
              <physm:Position>
                <physm:X>-0.1565</physm:X>
                <physm:Y>0.08</physm:Y>
                <physm:Z>-0.05</physm:Z>
              </physm:Position>
              <physm:Orientation>
                <physm:X>0.999986649</physm:X>
                <physm:Y>0</physm:Y>
                <physm:Z>0</physm:Z>
                <physm:W>0.00517276628</physm:W>
              </physm:Orientation>
            </phys:LocalPose>
            <phys:TextureFileName />
            <phys:DiffuseColor>
              <physm:X>0.5</physm:X>
              <physm:Y>0.5</physm:Y>
              <physm:Z>0.5</physm:Z>
              <physm:W>1</physm:W>
            </phys:DiffuseColor>
            <phys:EnableContactNotifications>false</phys:EnableContactNotifications>
            <phys:InnerRadius>0.055999998</phys:InnerRadius>
            <phys:SuspensionTravel>0</phys:SuspensionTravel>
            <phys:Flags>OverrideAxleSpeed</phys:Flags>
            <phys:AxleSpeed>0</phys:AxleSpeed>
            <phys:BrakeTorque>0</phys:BrakeTorque>
          </phys:WheelState>
        </WheelShape>
        <Rotations>7.50164652</Rotations>
      </LeftWheel>
      <ChassisShape>
        <phys:BoxState>
          <phys:Name>P3DXMotorBase/Chassis</phys:Name>
          <phys:ShapeId>Box</phys:ShapeId>
          <phys:Dimensions>
            <physm:X>0.393</physm:X>
            <physm:Y>0.18</physm:Y>
            <physm:Z>0.4</physm:Z>
          </phys:Dimensions>
          <phys:Radius>0</phys:Radius>
          <phys:Material>
            <phys:Name>high friction</phys:Name>
            <phys:Restitution>0</phys:Restitution>
            <phys:DynamicFriction>1</phys:DynamicFriction>
            <phys:StaticFriction>20</phys:StaticFriction>
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            <phys:DiffuseColor>
              <physm:X>0.1</physm:X>
              <physm:Y>0.1</physm:Y>
              <physm:Z>0.1</physm:Z>
              <physm:W>1</physm:W>
            </phys:DiffuseColor>
            <phys:EnableContactNotifications>true</phys:EnableContactNotifications>
          </phys:BoxState>
        </BoxShape>
        <BoxShape>
          <phys:BoxState>
            <phys:Name>/P3DXBumpers/rear</phys:Name>
            <phys:ShapeId>Box</phys:ShapeId>
            <phys:Dimensions>
              <physm:X>0.4</physm:X>
              <physm:Y>0.03</physm:Y>
              <physm:Z>0.03</physm:Z>
            </phys:Dimensions>
            <phys:Radius>0</phys:Radius>
            <phys:MassDensity>
              <phys:Mass>0.001</phys:Mass>
              <phys:InertiaTensor>
                <physm:X>0</physm:X>
                <physm:Y>0</physm:Y>
                <physm:Z>0</physm:Z>
              </phys:InertiaTensor>
              <phys:CenterOfMass>
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                  <physm:X>0</physm:X>
                  <physm:Y>0</physm:Y>
                  <physm:Z>0</physm:Z>
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                <physm:Orientation>
                  <physm:X>0</physm:X>
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                  <physm:Z>0</physm:Z>
                  <physm:W>0</physm:W>
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              </phys:CenterOfMass>
              <phys:Density>0</phys:Density>
              <phys:LinearDamping>0</phys:LinearDamping>
              <phys:AngularDamping>0</phys:AngularDamping>
              <phys:MassLocalPose>
                <physm:Position>
                  <physm:X>0</physm:X>
                  <physm:Y>0</physm:Y>
                  <physm:Z>0</physm:Z>
                </physm:Position>
                <physm:Orientation>
                  <physm:X>0</physm:X>
                  <physm:Y>0</physm:Y>
                  <physm:Z>0</physm:Z>
                  <physm:W>0</physm:W>
                </physm:Orientation>
              </phys:MassLocalPose>
            </phys:MassDensity>
            <phys:LocalPose>
              <physm:Position>
                <physm:X>0</physm:X>
                <physm:Y>0.05</physm:Y>
                <physm:Z>0.25</physm:Z>
              </physm:Position>
              <physm:Orientation>
                <physm:X>0</physm:X>
                <physm:Y>0</physm:Y>
                <physm:Z>0</physm:Z>
                <physm:W>1</physm:W>
              </physm:Orientation>
            </phys:LocalPose>
            <phys:TextureFileName />
            <phys:DiffuseColor>
              <physm:X>0.1</physm:X>
              <physm:Y>0.1</physm:Y>
              <physm:Z>0.1</physm:Z>
              <physm:W>1</physm:W>
            </phys:DiffuseColor>
            <phys:EnableContactNotifications>true</phys:EnableContactNotifications>
          </phys:BoxState>
        </BoxShape>
      </Shapes>
    </BumperArrayEntity>
    <CameraEntity xmlns:sim="http://schemas.microsoft.com/robotics/2006/04/simulation.html" xmlns:physm="http://schemas.microsoft.com/robotics/2006/07/physicalmodel.html" xmlns:phys="http://schemas.microsoft.com/robotics/2006/04/simulation/physics.html" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/robotics/2006/04/simulationengine.html">
      <sim:State>
        <sim:Name>robocam</sim:Name>
        <sim:Assets>
          <sim:Effect>default</sim:Effect>
        </sim:Assets>
        <sim:Pose>
          <physm:Position>
            <physm:X>0</physm:X>
            <physm:Y>0.5</physm:Y>
            <physm:Z>0</physm:Z>
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          <physm:Orientation>
            <physm:X>0</physm:X>
            <physm:Y>0</physm:Y>
            <physm:Z>0</physm:Z>
            <physm:W>1</physm:W>
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        </sim:Pose>
        <sim:Velocity>
          <physm:X>0</physm:X>
          <physm:Y>0</physm:Y>
          <physm:Z>0</physm:Z>
        </sim:Velocity>
        <sim:AngularVelocity>
          <physm:X>0</physm:X>
          <physm:Y>0</physm:Y>
          <physm:Z>0</physm:Z>
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        <sim:MassDensity>
          <phys:Mass>1</phys:Mass>
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            <physm:X>0</physm:X>
            <physm:Y>0</physm:Y>
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          </phys:InertiaTensor>
          <phys:CenterOfMass>
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              <physm:X>0</physm:X>
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              <physm:Z>0</physm:Z>
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            <physm:Orientation>
              <physm:X>0</physm:X>
              <physm:Y>0</physm:Y>
              <physm:Z>0</physm:Z>
              <physm:W>0</physm:W>
            </physm:Orientation>
          </phys:CenterOfMass>
          <phys:Density>0</phys:Density>
          <phys:LinearDamping>0</phys:LinearDamping>
          <phys:AngularDamping>0</phys:AngularDamping>
          <phys:MassLocalPose>
            <physm:Position>
              <physm:X>0</physm:X>
              <physm:Y>0</physm:Y>
              <physm:Z>0</physm:Z>
            </physm:Position>
            <physm:Orientation>
              <physm:X>0</physm:X>
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              <physm:Z>0</physm:Z>
              <physm:W>0</physm:W>
            </physm:Orientation>
          </phys:MassLocalPose>
        </sim:MassDensity>
        <sim:Flags>Dynamic</sim:Flags>
      </sim:State>
      <Flags>None</Flags>
      <ChildCount>0</ChildCount>
      <ReferenceFrame>NotSet</ReferenceFrame>
      <ServiceContract>http://schemas.microsoft.com/2006/09/simulatedwebcam.html</ServiceContract>
      <EmbeddedResourceAssemblies />
      <MeshScale>
        <physm:X>1</physm:X>
        <physm:Y>1</physm:Y>
        <physm:Z>1</physm:Z>
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      <MeshRotation>
        <physm:X>0</physm:X>
        <physm:Y>0</physm:Y>
        <physm:Z>0</physm:Z>
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        <physm:X>0</physm:X>
        <physm:Y>0</physm:Y>
        <physm:Z>0</physm:Z>
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      <IsRealTimeCamera>true</IsRealTimeCamera>
      <UpdateInterval>50</UpdateInterval>
      <ShadowDisplay>ShowShadows</ShadowDisplay>
      <CameraModel>AttachedChild</CameraModel>
      <Near>0</Near>
      <Far>0</Far>
      <ViewSizeX>320</ViewSizeX>
      <ViewSizeY>240</ViewSizeY>
      <ViewAngle>0.7853982</ViewAngle>
      <IsPhysicsVisible>false</IsPhysicsVisible>
      <LookAt>
        <X>0</X>
        <Y>0</Y>
        <Z>1</Z>
      </LookAt>
      <Location>
        <X>0</X>
        <Y>0</Y>
        <Z>0</Z>
      </Location>
    </CameraEntity>
    <KinectBaseEntity xmlns:sim="http://schemas.microsoft.com/robotics/2006/04/simulation.html" xmlns:physm="http://schemas.microsoft.com/robotics/2006/07/physicalmodel.html" xmlns:phys="http://schemas.microsoft.com/robotics/2006/04/simulation/physics.html" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/robotics/simulation/services/2011/01/simulateddepthcam.html">
      <sim:State>
        <sim:Name>KinectBase</sim:Name>
        <sim:Assets>
          <sim:Mesh>kinectbase.obj</sim:Mesh>
        </sim:Assets>
        <sim:Pose>
          <physm:Position>
            <physm:X>1.999773</physm:X>
            <physm:Y>0.5</physm:Y>
            <physm:Z>2.00281787</physm:Z>
          </physm:Position>
          <physm:Orientation>
            <physm:X>7.98663241E-05</physm:X>
            <physm:Y>-0.0007520462</physm:Y>
            <physm:Z>8.008059E-05</physm:Z>
            <physm:W>0.999999762</physm:W>
          </physm:Orientation>
        </sim:Pose>
        <sim:Velocity>
          <physm:X>0.0002449537</physm:X>
          <physm:Y>-6.49874528E-06</physm:Y>
          <physm:Z>5.659733E-06</physm:Z>
        </sim:Velocity>
        <sim:AngularVelocity>
          <physm:X>-0.00132568076</physm:X>
          <physm:Y>-0.00055813574</physm:Y>
          <physm:Z>-0.00496417144</physm:Z>
        </sim:AngularVelocity>
        <sim:MassDensity>
          <phys:Mass>0.1</phys:Mass>
          <phys:InertiaTensor>
            

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