Zabbix 使用规范和生成报表

Posted 2020-08-16

一、软件版本

操作系统：CentOS-6.5-x86_64

zabbix版本：3.0.3

 

二、zabbix标准：

 

1、  主机命名规范：

 BJ-monitor-h-zabbix-01

**命名规范是，我们看一台主机能够知道主机位于哪里：BJ；做什么的：monitor；虚拟化还是实体机：h；跑什么服务:zabbix  第几台:01

 

2、  一台主机直接关联多个模板:不用创建多个分组（可以结合CMDB平台）

Memcached ：192.168.10.100

php

Linux:192.168.10.100

多个模板:192.168.10.100  linux,memcached,port,partion

3、  自定义key开启：Include=/usr/local/zabbix/etc/zabbix_agentd.conf.d/*.conf

方便识别服务名和增删key。也方便结合saltstack等批量工具。

4、  使用模板继承（linux）：

比如系统我们创建有，php,nginx,mysql等模板，所有服务都是基于linux服务器，那么这三个模板我们可以继承linux os模板。

 

三、zabbix os模板报表出图：

[[email protected] alertscripts]# cat zabbix_report.py

#!/usr/bin/python

#coding:utf-8

 

import MySQLdb

import time,datetime

 

#zabbix数据库信息：

zdbhost = ‘localhost‘

zdbuser = ‘zabbix‘

zdbpass = ‘zabbix‘

zdbport = 3306

zdbname = ‘zabbix‘

 

#生成文件名称：

xlsfilename = ‘damo.xls‘

 

#需要查询的key列表 [名称，表名，key值，取值，格式化，数据整除处理]

keys = [

    [‘CPU平均空闲值‘,‘trends‘,‘system.cpu.util[,idle]‘,‘avg‘,‘%.2f‘,1],

    [‘CPU最小空闲值‘,‘trends‘,‘system.cpu.util[,idle]‘,‘min‘,‘%.2f‘,1],

    [‘CPU5分钟负载‘,‘trends‘,‘system.cpu.load[percpu,avg5]‘,‘avg‘,‘%.2f‘,1],

    [‘物理内存大小(单位G)‘,‘trends_uint‘,‘vm.memory.size[total]‘,‘avg‘,‘‘,1048576000],

    [‘可用平均内存(单位G)‘,‘trends_uint‘,‘vm.memory.size[available]‘,‘avg‘,‘‘,1048576000],

    [‘可用最小内存(单位G)‘,‘trends_uint‘,‘vm.memory.size[available]‘,‘min‘,‘‘,1048576000],

    [‘swap总大小(单位G)‘,‘trends_uint‘,‘system.swap.size[,total]‘,‘avg‘,‘‘,1048576000],

    [‘swap平均剩余(单位G)‘,‘trends_uint‘,‘system.swap.size[,free]‘,‘avg‘,‘‘,1048576000],

    [‘根分区总大小(单位G)‘,‘trends_uint‘,‘vfs.fs.size[/,total]‘,‘avg‘,‘‘,1073741824],

[‘根分区平均剩余(单位G)‘,‘trends_uint‘,‘vfs.fs.size[/,free]‘,‘avg‘,‘‘,1073741824],

]

class ReportForm:

 

    def __init__(self):

        ‘‘‘打开数据库连接‘‘‘

        self.conn =MySQLdb.connect(host=zdbhost,user=zdbuser,passwd=zdbpass,port=zdbport,db=zdbname)

        self.cursor =self.conn.cursor(cursorclass=MySQLdb.cursors.DictCursor)

 

        #生成zabbix哪个分组报表

        self.groupname = ‘monitor‘

 

        #获取IP信息：

        self.IpInfoList =self.getHostList()

 

    def getgroupid(self):

        ‘‘‘根据zabbix组名获取该组所有IP‘‘‘

 

        #查询组ID:

        sql = ‘‘‘select groupidfrom groups where name = ‘%s‘ ‘‘‘ % self.groupname

        self.cursor.execute(sql)

        groupid =self.cursor.fetchone()[‘groupid‘]

        return groupid

 

    def gethostid(self):

        #根据groupid查询该分组下面的所有主机ID（hostid）：

        groupid =self.getgroupid()

        sql = ‘‘‘select hostidfrom hosts_groups where groupid = %s‘‘‘ % groupid

        self.cursor.execute(sql)

        hostlist = self.cursor.fetchall()

        return hostlist

 

    def getHostList(self):

        #生成IP信息字典：结构为{‘119.146.207.19‘:{‘hostid‘:10086L,},}

        hostlist =self.gethostid()

        IpInfoList = {}

        for i in hostlist:

            hostid = i[‘hostid‘]

            sql = ‘‘‘select hostfrom hosts where status = 0 and hostid = %s‘‘‘ % hostid

            ret =self.cursor.execute(sql)

            if ret:

               IpInfoList[self.cursor.fetchone()[‘host‘]] = {‘hostid‘:hostid}

        return IpInfoList

 

    def getItemid(self,hostid,itemname):

        ‘‘‘获取itemid‘‘‘

        sql = ‘‘‘select itemidfrom items where hostid = %s and key_ = ‘%s‘ ‘‘‘ % (hostid, itemname)

        ifself.cursor.execute(sql):

            itemid =self.cursor.fetchone()[‘itemid‘]

        else:

            itemid = None

        return itemid

 

    def getTrendsValue(self,type,itemid, start_time, stop_time):

        ‘‘‘查询trends_uint表的值,type的值为min,max,avg三种‘‘‘

        sql = ‘‘‘select%s(value_%s) as result from trends where itemid = %s and clock >= %s andclock <= %s‘‘‘ % (type, type, itemid, start_time, stop_time)

        self.cursor.execute(sql)

        result =self.cursor.fetchone()[‘result‘]

        if result == None:

            result = 0

        return result

 

    def getTrends_uintValue(self,type,itemid, start_time, stop_time):

        ‘‘‘查询trends_uint表的值,type的值为min,max,avg三种‘‘‘

        sql = ‘‘‘select%s(value_%s) as result from trends_uint where itemid = %s and clock >= %sand clock <= %s‘‘‘ % (type, type, itemid, start_time, stop_time)

        self.cursor.execute(sql)

        result =self.cursor.fetchone()[‘result‘]

        if result:

            result = int(result)

        else:

            result = 0

        return result

 

 

    def getLastMonthData(self,type,hostid,table,itemname):

        ‘‘‘根据hostid,itemname获取该监控项的值‘‘‘

        #获取上个月的第一天和最后一天

        ts_first =int(time.mktime(datetime.date(datetime.date.today().year,datetime.date.today().month-1,1).timetuple()))

        lst_last =datetime.date(datetime.date.today().year,datetime.date.today().month,1)-datetime.timedelta(1)

        ts_last =int(time.mktime(lst_last.timetuple()))

 

        itemid =self.getItemid(hostid, itemname)

        function =getattr(self,‘get%sValue‘ % table.capitalize())

 

        return  function(type,itemid, ts_first, ts_last)

 

    def getInfo(self):

        #循环读取IP列表信息

        for ip,resultdict in  zabbix.IpInfoList.items():

        #    print "正在查询 IP:%-15shostid:%5d 的信息！" % (ip, resultdict[‘hostid‘])

            #循环读取keys，逐个key统计数据：

        #ip 192.168.10.106    resultdict{‘hostid‘: 10134L}

            for value in keys:

        #[‘CPU最小空闲值‘,‘trends‘,‘system.cpu.util[,idle]‘,‘min‘,‘%.2f‘,1]

                print "\t正在统计key_:%s" % value[2]

                if not value[2] in zabbix.IpInfoList[ip]:

                   zabbix.IpInfoList[ip][value[2]] = {}

                data =  zabbix.getLastMonthData(value[3],resultdict[‘hostid‘],value[1],value[2])

               zabbix.IpInfoList[ip][value[2]][value[3]] = data

        #{‘192.168.10.213‘:{‘vfs.fs.size[/,total]‘: {‘avg‘: 52844687360}, ‘hostid‘: 10285L,‘vm.memory.size[total]‘: {‘avg‘: 33615073280}, ‘system.swap.size[,total]‘:{‘avg‘: 16877871104}, ‘system.cpu.util[,idle]‘: {‘avg‘: 97.409428410000004, ‘min‘:94.498400000000004}, ‘system.swap.size[,free]‘: {‘avg‘: 16877871104},‘vfs.fs.size[/,free]‘: {‘avg‘: 45307376183}, ‘system.cpu.load[percpu,avg5]‘:{‘avg‘: 0.00272683}, ‘vm.memory.size[available]‘: {‘avg‘: 33064865249, ‘min‘:32991432704}}

 

    def writeToXls2(self):

        ‘‘‘生成xls文件‘‘‘

        try:

            import xlsxwriter

 

            #创建文件

            workbook =xlsxwriter.Workbook(xlsfilename)

 

            #创建工作薄

            worksheet =workbook.add_worksheet()

 

            #写入第一列：

           worksheet.write(0,0,"主机".decode(‘utf-8‘))

            i = 1

            for ip inself.IpInfoList:

               worksheet.write(i,0,ip)

                i = i + 1

 

            #写入其他列：

            i = 1

            for value in keys:

                worksheet.write(0,i,value[0].decode(‘utf-8‘))

 

                #写入该列内容：

                j = 1

                for ip,result inself.IpInfoList.items():

                    if value[4]:

                       worksheet.write(j,i, value[4] % result[value[2]][value[3]])

                    else:

                       worksheet.write(j,i, result[value[2]][value[3]] / value[5])

                    j = j + 1

 

                i = i + 1

        except Exception,e:

            print e

 

 

 

    def __del__(self):

        ‘‘‘关闭数据库连接‘‘‘

        self.cursor.close()

        self.conn.close()

 

if __name__ == "__main__":

    zabbix = ReportForm()

    zabbix.getInfo()

  #  zabbix.writeToXls2()

  # printzabbix.getTrendsValue("min",)

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