C# 常用文件操作
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1 public class IoHelper 2 { 3 /// <summary> 4 /// 判断文件是否存在 5 /// </summary> 6 /// <param name="fileName">文件路径</param> 7 /// <returns>是否存在</returns> 8 public static bool Exists(string fileName) 9 { 10 if (fileName == null || fileName.Trim() == "") 11 { 12 return false; 13 } 14 return File.Exists(fileName); 15 } 16 17 18 /// <summary> 19 /// 创建文件夹 20 /// </summary> 21 /// <param name="dirName">文件夹名</param> 22 /// <returns></returns> 23 public static bool CreateDir(string dirName) 24 { 25 try 26 { 27 if (dirName == null) 28 throw new Exception("dirName"); 29 if (!Directory.Exists(dirName)) 30 { 31 Directory.CreateDirectory(dirName); 32 } 33 return true; 34 } 35 catch (Exception er) 36 { 37 throw new Exception(er.Message); 38 } 39 } 40 41 42 /// <summary> 43 /// 创建文件 44 /// </summary> 45 /// <param name="fileName">文件名</param> 46 /// <returns>创建失败返回false</returns> 47 public static bool CreateFile(string fileName) 48 { 49 try 50 { 51 if (File.Exists(fileName)) return false; 52 var fs = File.Create(fileName); 53 fs.Close(); 54 fs.Dispose(); 55 } 56 catch (IOException ioe) 57 { 58 throw new IOException(ioe.Message); 59 } 60 61 return true; 62 } 63 64 65 /// <summary> 66 /// 读文件内容,转化为字符类型 67 /// </summary> 68 /// <param name="fileName">文件路径</param> 69 /// <returns></returns> 70 public static string Read(string fileName) 71 { 72 if (!Exists(fileName)) 73 { 74 return null; 75 } 76 //将文件信息读入流中 77 using (var fs = new FileStream(fileName, FileMode.Open)) 78 { 79 return new StreamReader(fs).ReadToEnd(); 80 } 81 } 82 83 84 /// <summary> 85 /// 文件转化为Char[]数组 86 /// </summary> 87 /// <param name="fileName"></param> 88 /// <returns></returns> 89 public static char[] FileRead(string fileName) 90 { 91 if (!Exists(fileName)) 92 { 93 return null; 94 } 95 var byData = new byte[1024]; 96 var charData = new char[1024]; 97 try 98 { 99 var fileStream = new FileStream(fileName, FileMode.Open); 100 fileStream.Seek(135, SeekOrigin.Begin); 101 fileStream.Read(byData, 0, 1024); 102 } 103 catch (Exception ex) 104 { 105 throw new Exception(ex.Message); 106 } 107 var decoder = Encoding.UTF8.GetDecoder(); 108 decoder.GetChars(byData, 0, byData.Length, charData, 0); 109 return charData; 110 } 111 112 113 114 /// <summary> 115 /// 文件转化为byte[] 116 /// </summary> 117 /// <param name="fileName">文件路径</param> 118 /// <returns></returns> 119 public static byte[] ReadFile(string fileName) 120 { 121 FileStream pFileStream = null; 122 try 123 { 124 pFileStream = new FileStream(fileName, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read); 125 var r = new BinaryReader(pFileStream); 126 //将文件指针设置到文件开 127 r.BaseStream.Seek(0, SeekOrigin.Begin); 128 var pReadByte = r.ReadBytes((int)r.BaseStream.Length); 129 return pReadByte; 130 } 131 catch (Exception ex) 132 { 133 throw new Exception(ex.Message); 134 135 } 136 finally 137 { 138 if (pFileStream != null) pFileStream.Close(); 139 } 140 } 141 142 143 /// <summary> 144 /// 将byte写入文件 145 /// </summary> 146 /// <param name="pReadByte">字节流</param> 147 /// <param name="fileName">文件路径</param> 148 /// <returns></returns> 149 public static bool WriteFile(byte[] pReadByte, string fileName) 150 { 151 FileStream pFileStream = null; 152 try 153 { 154 pFileStream = new FileStream(fileName, FileMode.OpenOrCreate); 155 pFileStream.Write(pReadByte, 0, pReadByte.Length); 156 } 157 catch (Exception ex) 158 { 159 throw new Exception(ex.Message); 160 } 161 finally 162 { 163 if (pFileStream != null) pFileStream.Close(); 164 } 165 return true; 166 167 } 168 169 public static string ReadLine(string fileName) 170 { 171 if (!Exists(fileName)) 172 { 173 return null; 174 } 175 using (var fs = new FileStream(fileName, FileMode.Open)) 176 { 177 return new StreamReader(fs).ReadLine(); 178 } 179 } 180 181 182 /// <summary> 183 /// 写文件 184 /// </summary> 185 /// <param name="fileName">文件名</param> 186 /// <param name="content">文件内容</param> 187 /// <returns></returns> 188 public static bool Write(string fileName, string content) 189 { 190 if (Exists(fileName) || content == null) 191 { 192 return false; 193 } 194 try 195 { 196 //将文件信息读入流中 197 //初始化System.IO.FileStream类的新实例与指定路径和创建模式 198 using (var fs = new FileStream(fileName, FileMode.OpenOrCreate)) 199 { 200 //锁住流 201 lock (fs) 202 { 203 if (!fs.CanWrite) 204 { 205 throw new System.Security.SecurityException("文件fileName=" + fileName + "是只读文件不能写入!"); 206 } 207 208 var buffer = Encoding.Default.GetBytes(content); 209 fs.Write(buffer, 0, buffer.Length); 210 return true; 211 } 212 } 213 } 214 catch (IOException ioe) 215 { 216 throw new Exception(ioe.Message); 217 } 218 219 } 220 221 222 /// <summary> 223 /// 写入一行 224 /// </summary> 225 /// <param name="fileName">文件名</param> 226 /// <param name="content">内容</param> 227 /// <returns></returns> 228 public static bool WriteLine(string fileName, string content) 229 { 230 if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(fileName)) 231 throw new ArgumentNullException(fileName); 232 if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(content)) 233 throw new ArgumentNullException(content); 234 using (var fs = new FileStream(fileName, FileMode.OpenOrCreate | FileMode.Append)) 235 { 236 //锁住流 237 lock (fs) 238 { 239 if (!fs.CanWrite) 240 { 241 throw new System.Security.SecurityException("文件fileName=" + fileName + "是只读文件不能写入!"); 242 } 243 244 var sw = new StreamWriter(fs); 245 sw.WriteLine(content); 246 sw.Dispose(); 247 sw.Close(); 248 return true; 249 } 250 } 251 } 252 253 254 /// <summary> 255 /// 复制目录 256 /// </summary> 257 /// <param name="fromDir">被复制的目录</param> 258 /// <param name="toDir">复制到的目录</param> 259 /// <returns></returns> 260 public static bool CopyDir(DirectoryInfo fromDir, string toDir) 261 { 262 return CopyDir(fromDir, toDir, fromDir.FullName); 263 } 264 265 266 /// <summary> 267 /// 复制目录 268 /// </summary> 269 /// <param name="fromDir">被复制的目录</param> 270 /// <param name="toDir">复制到的目录</param> 271 /// <returns></returns> 272 public static bool CopyDir(string fromDir, string toDir) 273 { 274 if (fromDir == null || toDir == null) 275 { 276 throw new NullReferenceException("参数为空"); 277 } 278 279 if (fromDir == toDir) 280 { 281 throw new Exception("两个目录都是" + fromDir); 282 } 283 284 if (!Directory.Exists(fromDir)) 285 { 286 throw new IOException("目录fromDir=" + fromDir + "不存在"); 287 } 288 289 var dir = new DirectoryInfo(fromDir); 290 return CopyDir(dir, toDir, dir.FullName); 291 } 292 293 294 /// <summary> 295 /// 复制目录 296 /// </summary> 297 /// <param name="fromDir">被复制的目录</param> 298 /// <param name="toDir">复制到的目录</param> 299 /// <param name="rootDir">被复制的根目录</param> 300 /// <returns></returns> 301 private static bool CopyDir(DirectoryInfo fromDir, string toDir, string rootDir) 302 { 303 foreach (var f in fromDir.GetFiles()) 304 { 305 var filePath = toDir + f.FullName.Substring(rootDir.Length); 306 var newDir = filePath.Substring(0, filePath.LastIndexOf("\\", StringComparison.Ordinal)); 307 CreateDir(newDir); 308 File.Copy(f.FullName, filePath, true); 309 } 310 311 foreach (var dir in fromDir.GetDirectories()) 312 { 313 CopyDir(dir, toDir, rootDir); 314 } 315 316 return true; 317 } 318 319 320 /// <summary> 321 /// 删除文件 322 /// </summary> 323 /// <param name="fileName">文件的完整路径</param> 324 /// <returns></returns> 325 public static bool DeleteFile(string fileName) 326 { 327 try 328 { 329 if (!Exists(fileName)) return false; 330 File.Delete(fileName); 331 } 332 catch (IOException ioe) 333 { 334 throw new ArgumentNullException(ioe.Message); 335 } 336 337 return true; 338 } 339 340 341 public static void DeleteDir(DirectoryInfo dir) 342 { 343 if (dir == null) 344 { 345 throw new NullReferenceException("目录不存在"); 346 } 347 348 foreach (var d in dir.GetDirectories()) 349 { 350 DeleteDir(d); 351 } 352 353 foreach (var f in dir.GetFiles()) 354 { 355 DeleteFile(f.FullName); 356 } 357 358 dir.Delete(); 359 360 } 361 362 363 /// <summary> 364 /// 删除目录 365 /// </summary> 366 /// <param name="dir">指定目录</param> 367 /// <param name="onlyDir">是否只删除目录</param> 368 /// <returns></returns> 369 public static bool DeleteDir(string dir, bool onlyDir) 370 { 371 if (dir == null || dir.Trim() == "") 372 { 373 throw new NullReferenceException("目录dir=" + dir + "不存在"); 374 } 375 376 if (!Directory.Exists(dir)) 377 { 378 return false; 379 } 380 381 var dirInfo = new DirectoryInfo(dir); 382 if (dirInfo.GetFiles().Length == 0 && dirInfo.GetDirectories().Length == 0) 383 { 384 Directory.Delete(dir); 385 return true; 386 } 387 388 389 if (!onlyDir) 390 { 391 return false; 392 } 393 DeleteDir(dirInfo); 394 return true; 395 } 396 397 398 /// <summary> 399 /// 在指定的目录中查找文件 400 /// </summary> 401 /// <param name="dir">目录</param> 402 /// <param name="fileName">文件名</param> 403 /// <returns></returns> 404 public static bool FindFile(string dir, string fileName) 405 { 406 if (dir == null || dir.Trim() == "" || fileName == null || fileName.Trim() == "" || !Directory.Exists(dir)) 407 { 408 return false; 409 } 410 411 //传入文件路径,获取当前文件对象 412 var dirInfo = new DirectoryInfo(dir); 413 return FindFile(dirInfo, fileName); 414 415 } 416 417 418 /// <summary> 419 /// 返回文件是否存在 420 /// </summary> 421 /// <param name="dir"></param> 422 /// <param name="fileName"></param> 423 /// <returns></returns> 424 public static bool FindFile(DirectoryInfo dir, string fileName) 425 { 426 foreach (var d in dir.GetDirectories()) 427 { 428 if (File.Exists(d.FullName + "\\" + fileName)) 429 { 430 return true; 431 } 432 FindFile(d, fileName); 433 } 434 435 return false; 436 } 437 438 439 /// <summary> 440 /// 获取指定文件夹中的所有文件夹名称 441 /// </summary> 442 /// <param name="folderPath">路径</param> 443 /// <returns></returns> 444 public static List<string> FolderName(string folderPath) 445 { 446 var listFolderName = new List<string>(); 447 try 448 { 449 var info = new DirectoryInfo(folderPath); 450 451 listFolderName.AddRange(info.GetDirectories().Select(nextFolder => nextFolder.Name)); 452 } 453 catch (Exception er) 454 { 455 throw new Exception(er.Message); 456 } 457 458 return listFolderName; 459 460 } 461 462 463 /// <summary> 464 /// 获取指定文件夹中的文件名称 465 /// </summary> 466 /// <param name="folderPath">路径</param> 467 /// <returns></returns> 468 public static List<string> FileName(string folderPath) 469 { 470 var listFileName = new List<string>(); 471 try 472 { 473 var info = new DirectoryInfo(folderPath); 474 475 listFileName.AddRange(info.GetFiles().Select(nextFile => nextFile.Name)); 476 } 477 catch (Exception er) 478 { 479 throw new Exception(er.Message); 480 } 481 482 return listFileName; 483 } 484 }
C# 压缩解压文件
方法一、调用WinRAR方式
1 /// <summary> 2 /// 利用 WinRAR 进行压缩 3 /// </summary> 4 /// <param name="path">将要被压缩的文件夹(绝对路径)</param> 5 /// <param name="rarPath">压缩后的 .rar 的存放目录(绝对路径)</param> 6 /// <param name="rarName">压缩文件的名称(包括后缀)</param> 7 /// <returns>true 或 false。压缩成功返回 true,反之,false。</returns> 8 public bool RAR(string path, string rarPath, string rarName) 9 { 10 bool flag = false; 11 string rarexe; //WinRAR.exe 的完整路径 12 RegistryKey regkey; //注册表键 13 Object regvalue; //键值 14 string cmd; //WinRAR 命令参数 15 ProcessStartInfo startinfo; 16 Process process; 17 try 18 { 19 regkey = Registry.ClassesRoot.OpenSubKey(@"Applications\WinRAR.exe\shell\open\command"); 20 regvalue = regkey.GetValue(""); // 键值为 "d:\Program Files\WinRAR\WinRAR.exe" "%1" 21 rarexe = regvalue.ToString(); 22 regkey.Close(); 23 rarexe = rarexe.Substring(1, rarexe.Length - 7); // d:\Program Files\WinRAR\WinRAR.exe 24 25 Directory.CreateDirectory(path); 26 path = "\"" + path + "\""; 27 //压缩命令,相当于在要压缩的文件夹(path)上点右键->WinRAR->添加到压缩文件->输入压缩文件名(rarName) 28 cmd = string.Format("a {0} {1} -ep1 -o+ -inul -r -ibck", 29 rarName, 30 path); 31 startinfo = new ProcessStartInfo(); 32 startinfo.FileName = rarexe; 33 startinfo.Arguments = cmd; //设置命令参数 34 startinfo.WindowStyle = ProcessWindowStyle.Hidden; //隐藏 WinRAR 窗口 35 36 startinfo.WorkingDirectory = rarPath; 37 process = new Process(); 38 process.StartInfo = startinfo; 39 process.Start(); 40 process.WaitForExit(); //无限期等待进程 winrar.exe 退出 41 if (process.HasExited) 42 { 43 flag = true; 44 } 45 process.Close(); 46 } 47 catch (Exception e) 48 { 49 throw e; 50 } 51 return flag; 52 } 53 /// <summary> 54 /// 利用 WinRAR 进行解压缩 55 /// </summary> 56 /// <param name="path">文件解压路径(绝对)</param> 57 /// <param name="rarPath">将要解压缩的 .rar 文件的存放目录(绝对路径)</param> 58 /// <param name="rarName">将要解压缩的 .rar 文件名(包括后缀)</param> 59 /// <returns>true 或 false。解压缩成功返回 true,反之,false。</returns> 60 public bool UnRAR(string path, string rarPath, string rarName) 61 { 62 bool flag = false; 63 string rarexe; 64 RegistryKey regkey; 65 Object regvalue; 66 string cmd; 67 ProcessStartInfo startinfo; 68 Process process; 69 try 70 { 71 regkey = Registry.ClassesRoot.OpenSubKey(@"Applications\WinRAR.exe\shell\open\command"); 72 regvalue = regkey.GetValue(""); 73 rarexe = regvalue.ToString(); 74 regkey.Close(); 75 rarexe = rarexe.Substring(1, rarexe.Length - 7); 76 77 Directory.CreateDirectory(path); 78 //解压缩命令,相当于在要压缩文件(rarName)上点右键->WinRAR->解压到当前文件夹 79 cmd = string.Format("x {0} {1} -y", 80 rarName, 81 path); 82 startinfo = new ProcessStartInfo(); 83 startinfo.FileName = rarexe; 84 startinfo.Arguments = cmd; 85 startinfo.WindowStyle = ProcessWindowStyle.Hidden; 86 87 startinfo.WorkingDirectory = rarPath; 88 process = new Process(); 89 process.StartInfo = startinfo; 90 process.Start(); 91 process.WaitForExit(); 92 if (process.HasExited) 93 { 94 flag = true; 95 } 96 process.Close(); 97 } 98 catch (Exception e) 99 { 100 throw e; 101 } 102 return flag; 103 }
注意:如果路径中有空格(如:D:\Program Files\)的话压缩解压就会出现问题,需要在path 和 rarName 上加双引号,如: path = "\"" + path + "\"";
方法二、使用C#压缩解压库
SharpCompress是一个开源的压缩解压库,可以对RAR,7Zip,Zip,Tar,GZip,BZip2进行处理。
官方网址:http://sharpcompress.codeplex.com/
使用例子:
1 //RAR文件解压缩: 2 using (Stream stream = File.OpenRead(@"C:\Code\sharpcompress.rar")) 3 { 4 var reader = ReaderFactory.Open(stream); 5 while (reader.MoveToNextEntry()) 6 { 7 if (!reader.Entry.IsDirectory) 8 { 9 Console.WriteLine(reader.Entry.FilePath); 10 reader.WriteEntryToDirectory(@"C:\temp", ExtractOptions.ExtractFullPath | ExtractOptions.Overwrite); 11 } 12 } 13 } 14 15 16 //ZIP文件解压缩: 17 var archive = ArchiveFactory.Open(@"C:\Code\sharpcompress\TestArchives\sharpcompress.zip"); 18 foreach (var entry in archive.Entries) 19 { 20 if (!entry.IsDirectory) 21 { 22 Console.WriteLine(entry.FilePath); 23 entry.WriteToDirectory(@"C:\temp", ExtractOptions.ExtractFullPath | ExtractOptions.Overwrite); 24 } 25 } 26 27 28 //压缩为ZIP文件: 29 using (var archive = ZipArchive.Create()) 30 { 31 archive.AddAllFromDirectoryEntry(@"C:\\source"); 32 archive.SaveTo("@C:\\new.zip"); 33 } 34 35 36 37 //用Writer API创建ZIP文件 38 using (var zip = File.OpenWrite("C:\\test.zip")) 39 using (var zipWriter = WriterFactory.Open(ArchiveType.Zip, zip)) 40 { 41 foreach (var filePath in filesList) 42 { 43 zipWriter.Write(Path.GetFileName(file), filePath); 44 } 45 } 46 47 48 //创建tar.bz2 49 using (Stream stream = File.OpenWrite(tarPath)) 50 using (var writer = WriterFactory.Open(ArchiveType.Tar, stream)) 51 { 52 writer.WriteAll(filesPath, "*", SearchOption.AllDirectories); 53 } 54 using (Stream stream = File.OpenWrite(tarbz2Path)) 55 using (var writer = WriterFactory.Open(ArchiveType.BZip2, stream)) 56 { 57 writer.Write("Tar.tar", tarPath); 58 }
我们看到SharpCompress是没有压缩为rar的命令,因为所有RAR压缩文件都需要RAR作者的许可,你可以考虑压缩为zip或7zip,要不就使用WINRAR命令行压缩。
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