win7-64bit下基于VMware12.5安装rhel-server-6.3-i386

Posted 2020-08-12 naedzq

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/*************************************************************************************

宿主PC：win7-64bit

虚拟软件：VMware12.5

虚拟PC：rhel-server-6.3-i386

时间：2016-10-02

*************************************************************************************/

1、安装rhel6

安装英文版，添加简体中文字体

登录时切换到中文，选择不改文件夹名称

如下修改，并重启，可做到英文系统显示中文。

关闭防火墙和SELinux

#关闭防火墙
/etc/init.d/iptables stop
#关闭Selinux
setenforce permissive

2、启用网络设备

修改eth0网卡的配置文件，将ONBOOT=“no”改为”yes”，文件位置：/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0

/etc/init.d/network restart 重新启动网络

3、安装VMware-Tools

安装VMware-Tools

./vmware-install.pl

4、安装vim

检查是否安装

[root@localhost 桌面]# rpm -qa |grep vim
vim-minimal-7.2.411-1.8.el6.i686
vim-common-7.2.411-1.8.el6.i686
vim-enhanced-7.2.411-1.8.el6.i686
[root@localhost 桌面]#

5、安装ctags

检查

[root@localhost 桌面]# rpm -qa |grep tag
taglib-1.6.1-1.1.el6.i686
ctags-5.8-2.el6.i686
[root@localhost 桌面]#

6、安装cscope

检查

[root@localhost 桌面]# rpm -qa |grep cscope
cscope-15.6-6.el6.i686
[root@localhost 桌面]#

7、更新yum为网易源

下载rpm包的地址

http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/i386/Packages/

查看rhel是否安装python

python-2.6.6-64.el6.i686

python-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch

没有安装的话，重新安装

查看rhel是否安装yum

yum-3.2.29-73.el6.centos.noarch

yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.i686

yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-37.el6.noarch

没有安装的话，重新安装

更换yum源使用163的源

#cd /etc/yum.repos.d/

#wget http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS6-Base-163.repo

#vim CentOS6-Base-163.repo

把文件里面的$releasever全部替换为版本号，即6 最后保存！

清除原有缓存

#yum clean all

重建缓存

以提高搜索安装软件的速度

#yum makecache

有可能第一遍不起作用，需要多做几遍

此时，网易yum源已经配置好。各位可以享受高质量且免费的yum服务了！

构建多个yum源

yum源可用

/etc/yum.repos.d/rhel-source.repo

# CentOS-Base.repo
#
# The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the
# update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and
# geographically close to the client.  You should use this for CentOS updates
# unless you are manually picking other mirrors.
#
# If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the 
# remarked out baseurl= line instead.
#
#
[base]
name=CentOS-6 - Base - 163.com
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6&arch=$basearch&repo=os
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
#released updates 
[updates]
name=CentOS-6 - Updates - 163.com
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/updates/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6&arch=$basearch&repo=updates
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
#additional packages that may be useful
[extras]
name=CentOS-6 - Extras - 163.com
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/extras/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6&arch=$basearch&repo=extras
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
[centosplus]
name=CentOS-6 - Plus - 163.com
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/centosplus/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplus
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
#contrib - packages by Centos Users
[contrib]
name=CentOS-6 - Contrib - 163.com
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/contrib/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6&arch=$basearch&repo=contrib
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
# CentOS-Base.repo
#
# The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the
# update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and
# geographically close to the client.  You should use this for CentOS updates
# unless you are manually picking other mirrors.
#
# If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the 
# remarked out baseurl= line instead.
#
#
 
[base]
name=CentOS-6 - Base - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/6/os/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/6/os/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6&arch=$basearch&repo=os
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
 
#released updates 
[updates]
name=CentOS-6 - Updates - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/6/updates/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/6/updates/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6&arch=$basearch&repo=updates
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
 
#additional packages that may be useful
[extras]
name=CentOS-6 - Extras - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/6/extras/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/6/extras/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6&arch=$basearch&repo=extras
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
 
#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
[centosplus]
name=CentOS-6 - Plus - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/6/centosplus/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/6/centosplus/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplus
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
 
#contrib - packages by Centos Users
[contrib]
name=CentOS-6 - Contrib - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/6/contrib/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/6/contrib/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6&arch=$basearch&repo=contrib
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

3、导入KEY

rpm --import http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

rpm --import http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

4、安装自动源选择插件--自动选择最快的源

yum install yum-fastestmirror -y

5、如何确认正在使用的是哪个源？

cd /var/cache/yum

cat timedhosts.txt

如果我在那个目录里放了很多源，怎么知道当前用的是那个呢？如果你没有改yum.conf，那么看/var/cache/yum/文件夹里的一个time开头的文件，就知道了

　　如果在使用yum install安装找不到某些包的时候，可以使用下面办法试试

　　wget http://dag.wieers.com/rpm/packages/rpmforge-release/rpmforge-release-0.3.6-1.el5.rf.i386.rpm

　　rpm -Uvh rpmforge-release-0.3.6-1.el5.rf.i386.rpm

yum常用命令

yum -y install 包名（支持*）：自动选择y，全自动

yum install 包名（支持*）：手动选择y or n

yum remove 包名（不支持*）

rpm -ivh 包名（支持*）：安装rpm包

rpm -e 包名（不支持*）：卸载rpm包

更新和升级

yum update 全部更新

yum update package1 更新指定程序包package1

yum check-update 检查可更新的程序

yum upgrade package1 升级指定程序包package1

yum groupupdate group1 升级程序组group1

1 安装

yum install 全部安装

yum install package1 安装指定的安装包package1

yum groupinsall group1 安装程序组group1

2 更新和升级

yum update 全部更新

yum update package1 更新指定程序包package1

yum check-update 检查可更新的程序

yum upgrade package1 升级指定程序包package1

yum groupupdate group1 升级程序组group1

3 查找和显示

yum info package1 显示安装包信息package1

yum list 显示所有已经安装和可以安装的程序包

yum list package1 显示指定程序包安装情况package1

yum groupinfo group1 显示程序组group1信息yum search string 根据关键字string查找安装包

4 删除程序

yum remove | erase package1 删除程序包package1

yum groupremove group1 删除程序组group1

yum deplist package1 查看程序package1依赖情况

5 清除缓存

yum clean packages 清除缓存目录下的软件包

yum clean headers 清除缓存目录下的 headers

yum clean oldheaders 清除缓存目录下旧的 headers

yum clean, yum clean all (= yum clean packages; yum clean oldheaders) 清除缓存目录下的软件包及旧的headers

8、安装tree

yum -y install tree dos2unix

9、安装vimrc

vimrc

"=========================================================================
" DesCRiption: 适合自己使用的vimrc文件，for Linux/Windows, GUI/Console
"
" Last Change: 2010年08月02日 15时13分 
"
" Version:     1.80
"
"=========================================================================
set nocompatible            " 关闭 vi 兼容模式
syntax on                   " 自动语法高亮
colorscheme molokai         " 设定配色方案
set number                  " 显示行号
set cursorline              " 突出显示当前行
set ruler                   " 打开状态栏标尺
set shiftwidth=4            " 设定 << 和 >> 命令移动时的宽度为 4
set softtabstop=4           " 使得按退格键时可以一次删掉 4 个空格
set tabstop=4               " 设定 tab 长度为 4
set nobackup                " 覆盖文件时不备份
set autochdir               " 自动切换当前目录为当前文件所在的目录
filetype plugin indent on   " 开启插件
set backupcopy=yes          " 设置备份时的行为为覆盖
set ignorecase smartcase    " 搜索时忽略大小写，但在有一个或以上大写字母时仍保持对大小写敏感
set nowrapscan              " 禁止在搜索到文件两端时重新搜索
set incsearch               " 输入搜索内容时就显示搜索结果
set hlsearch                " 搜索时高亮显示被找到的文本
set noerrorbells            " 关闭错误信息响铃
set novisualbell            " 关闭使用可视响铃代替呼叫
set t_vb=                   " 置空错误铃声的终端代码
" set showmatch               " 插入括号时，短暂地跳转到匹配的对应括号
" set matchtime=2             " 短暂跳转到匹配括号的时间
set magic                   " 设置魔术
set hidden                  " 允许在有未保存的修改时切换缓冲区，此时的修改由 vim 负责保存
set guioptions-=T           " 隐藏工具栏
set guioptions-=m           " 隐藏菜单栏
set smartindent             " 开启新行时使用智能自动缩进
set backspace=indent,eol,start
                            " 不设定在插入状态无法用退格键和 Delete 键删除回车符
set cmdheight=1             " 设定命令行的行数为 1
set laststatus=2            " 显示状态栏 (默认值为 1, 无法显示状态栏)
set statusline=\\ %<%F[%1*%M%*%n%R%H]%=\\ %y\\ %0(%{&fileformat}\\ %{&encoding}\\ %c:%l/%L%)\\ 
                            " 设置在状态行显示的信息
set foldenable              " 开始折叠
set foldmethod=syntax       " 设置语法折叠
set foldcolumn=0            " 设置折叠区域的宽度
setlocal foldlevel=1        " 设置折叠层数为
" set foldclose=all           " 设置为自动关闭折叠                            
" nnoremap <space> @=((foldclosed(line(\'.\')) < 0) ? \'zc\' : \'zo\')<CR>
                            " 用空格键来开关折叠
" return OS type, eg: windows, or linux, mac, et.st..
function! MySys()
    if has("win16") || has("win32") || has("win64") || has("win95")
        return "windows"
    elseif has("unix")
        return "linux"
    endif
endfunction
" 用户目录变量$VIMFILES
if MySys() == "windows"
    let $VIMFILES = $VIM.\'/vimfiles\'
elseif MySys() == "linux"
    let $VIMFILES = $HOME.\'/.vim\'
endif
" 设定doc文档目录
let helptags=$VIMFILES.\'/doc\'
" 设置字体 以及中文支持
if has("win32")
    set guifont=Inconsolata:h12:cANSI
endif
" 配置多语言环境
if has("multi_byte")
    " UTF-8 编码
    set encoding=utf-8
    set termencoding=utf-8
    set formatoptions+=mM
    set fencs=utf-8,gbk
    if v:lang =~? \'^\\(zh\\)\\|\\(ja\\)\\|\\(ko\\)\'
        set ambiwidth=double
    endif
    if has("win32")
        source $VIMRUNTIME/delmenu.vim
        source $VIMRUNTIME/menu.vim
        language messages zh_CN.utf-8
    endif
else
    echoerr "Sorry, this version of (g)vim was not compiled with +multi_byte"
endif
" Buffers操作快捷方式!
nnoremap <C-RETURN> :bnext<CR>
nnoremap <C-S-RETURN> :bprevious<CR>
" Tab操作快捷方式!
nnoremap <C-TAB> :tabnext<CR>
nnoremap <C-S-TAB> :tabprev<CR>
"关于tab的快捷键
" map tn :tabnext<cr>
" map tp :tabprevious<cr>
" map td :tabnew .<cr>
" map te :tabedit
" map tc :tabclose<cr>
"窗口分割时,进行切换的按键热键需要连接两次,比如从下方窗口移动
"光标到上方窗口,需要<c-w><c-w>k,非常麻烦,现在重映射为<c-k>,切换的
"时候会变得非常方便.
nnoremap <C-h> <C-w>h
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