ceph运维命令合集

Posted 2020-08-10 Python学习之路

一、集群
1、启动一个ceph进程
启动mon进程
[[email protected] ~]#203.109 service ceph start mon.ceph-mon1

启动msd进程
[[email protected] ~]#203.109 service ceph start mds.ceph-mds1

启动osd进程
[[email protected] ~]#203.109 service ceph start osd.0

2、查看机器的监控状态
[[email protected] ~]#203.109 ceph health
HEALTH_OK

3、查看ceph的实时运行状态
[[email protected] ~]#203.109 ceph -w

    cluster fdbb34ad-765a-420b-89e8-443aba4254dd
     health HEALTH_WARN
            clock skew detected on mon.ceph-mon3
            84 pgs stale
            84 pgs stuck stale
            5 requests are blocked > 32 sec
            mds cluster is degraded
            Monitor clock skew detected 
     monmap e1: 3 mons at {ceph-mon1=192.168.203.72:6789/0,ceph-mon2=192.168.203.73:6789/0,ceph-mon3=192.168.203.74:6789/0}
            election epoch 22, quorum 0,1,2 ceph-mon1,ceph-mon2,ceph-mon3
     mdsmap e16: 1/1/1 up {0=ceph-mon2=up:replay}, 2 up:standby
     osdmap e56: 2 osds: 2 up, 2 in
      pgmap v137: 596 pgs, 7 pools, 10442 bytes data, 63 objects
            77032 kB used, 30622 MB / 30697 MB avail
                 512 active+clean
                  84 stale+active+clean

2016-08-28 20:42:51.043538 osd.0 [WRN] slow request 120.842103 seconds old, received at 2016-08-28 20:40:50.201254: osd_op(mds.0.3:4 400.00000000 [read 0~0] 2.64e96f8f ack+read+known_if_redirected e49) currently no flag points reached

4、检查信息状态信息
[[email protected] ~]#203.109 ceph -s
    cluster fdbb34ad-765a-420b-89e8-443aba4254dd
     health HEALTH_WARN
            clock skew detected on mon.ceph-mon3
            84 pgs stale
            84 pgs stuck stale
            5 requests are blocked > 32 sec
            mds cluster is degraded
            Monitor clock skew detected 
     monmap e1: 3 mons at {ceph-mon1=192.168.203.72:6789/0,ceph-mon2=192.168.203.73:6789/0,ceph-mon3=192.168.203.74:6789/0}
            election epoch 22, quorum 0,1,2 ceph-mon1,ceph-mon2,ceph-mon3
     mdsmap e16: 1/1/1 up {0=ceph-mon2=up:replay}, 2 up:standby
     osdmap e56: 2 osds: 2 up, 2 in
      pgmap v139: 596 pgs, 7 pools, 10442 bytes data, 63 objects
            77636 kB used, 30622 MB / 30697 MB avail
                 512 active+clean
                  84 stale+active+clean

5、查看ceph存储空间
[[email protected] ~]#203.109 ceph df
GLOBAL:
    SIZE       AVAIL      RAW USED     %RAW USED 
    30697M     30622M       77636k          0.25 
POOLS:
    NAME                ID     USED     %USED     MAX AVAIL     OBJECTS 
    rbd                 0         0         0        15310M           0 
    cephfs_data         1         0         0        15310M           0 
    cephfs_metadata     2      9594         0        15310M          20 

6、删除一个节点的所有的ceph数据包
[[email protected] ~]#203.109 ceph-deploy purge ceph-mon1
[[email protected] ~]#203.109 ceph-deploy purgedata cdph-mon1

7、为ceph创建一个admin用户并为admin用户创建一个密钥，把密钥保存到/etc/ceph目录下：
[[email protected] ~]#203.109 ceph auth get-or-create client.admin mds ‘allow’ osd ‘allow *’ mon ‘allow *’ > /etc/ceph/ceph.client.admin.keyring
或
[[email protected] ~]#203.109 ceph auth get-or-create client.admin mds ‘allow’ osd ‘allow *’ mon ‘allow *’ -o /etc/ceph/ceph.client.admin.keyring

8、为osd.0创建一个用户并创建一个key
[[email protected] ~]#203.109 ceph auth get-or-create osd.0 mon ‘allow rwx’ osd ‘allow *’ -o /var/lib/ceph/osd/ceph-0/keyring

9、为mds.ceph-mon1创建一个用户并创建一个key
[[email protected] ~]#203.109 ceph auth get-or-create mds.node1 mon ‘allow rwx’ osd ‘allow *’ mds ‘allow *’ -o /var/lib/ceph/mds/ceph-node1/keyring

10、查看ceph集群中的认证用户及相关的key
[[email protected] ~]#203.109 ceph auth list

11、删除集群中的一个认证用户
[[email protected] ~]#203.109 ceph auth del osd.0

12、查看集群健康状态细节
[[email protected] ~]#203.109 ceph health detail
HEALTH_WARN clock skew detected on mon.ceph-mon3; 84 pgs stale; 84 pgs stuck stale; 5 requests are blocked > 32 sec; 2 osds have slow requests; mds cluster is degraded; Monitor clock skew detected 
pg 0.22 is stuck stale for 13269.231220, current state stale+active+clean, last acting [1,0]
pg 0.21 is stuck stale for 13269.231219, current state stale+active+clean, last acting [1,0]
pg 0.20 is stuck stale for 13269.231222, current state stale+active+clean, last acting [1,0]
pg 0.1f is stuck stale for 13269.231224, current state stale+active+clean, last acting [0,1]

13、查看ceph log日志所在的目录
[[email protected] ~]#203.109 ceph-conf –name mon.ceph-adm –show-config-value log_file
/var/log/ceph/ceph-mon.ceph-adm.log

二、mon
1、查看mon的状态信息
[[email protected] ~]# ceph mon stat
e1: 3 mons at {ceph-mon1=192.168.203.72:6789/0,ceph-mon2=192.168.203.73:6789/0,ceph-mon3=192.168.203.74:6789/0}, election epoch 22, quorum 0,1,2 ceph-mon1,ceph-mon2,ceph-mon3

2、查看mon的选举状态
[[email protected] ~]# ceph quorum_status
{“election_epoch”:22,”quorum”:[0,1,2],”quorum_names”:[“ceph-mon1″,”ceph-mon2″,”ceph-mon3″],”quorum_leader_name”:”ceph-mon1″,”monmap”:{“epoch”:1,”fsid”:”fdbb34ad-765a-420b-89e8-443aba4254dd”,”modified”:”0.000000″,”created”:”0.000000″,”mons”:[{“rank”:0,”name”:”ceph-mon1″,”addr”:”192.168.203.72:6789\/0″},{“rank”:1,”name”:”ceph-mon2″,”addr”:”192.168.203.73:6789\/0″},{“rank”:2,”name”:”ceph-mon3″,”addr”:”192.168.203.74:6789\/0″}]}}

3、查看mon的映射信息
[[email protected] ~]# ceph mon dump
dumped monmap epoch 1
epoch 1
fsid fdbb34ad-765a-420b-89e8-443aba4254dd
last_changed 0.000000
created 0.000000
0: 192.168.203.72:6789/0 mon.ceph-mon1
1: 192.168.203.73:6789/0 mon.ceph-mon2
2: 192.168.203.74:6789/0 mon.ceph-mon3

4、删除一个mon节点
[[email protected] ~]# ceph mon remove node1
removed mon.node1 at 10.39.101.1:6789/0, there are now 3 monitors
2014-07-07 18:11:04.974188 7f4d16bfd700  0 monclient: hunting for new mon
5、获得一个正在运行的mon map，并保存在1.txt文件中
[[email protected] ~]# ceph mon getmap -o 1.txt
got monmap epoch 1

6、查看上面获得的map
[[email protected] ~]# monmaptool –print 1.txt 
monmaptool: monmap file 1.txt
epoch 1
fsid fdbb34ad-765a-420b-89e8-443aba4254dd
last_changed 0.000000
created 0.000000
0: 192.168.203.72:6789/0 mon.ceph-mon1
1: 192.168.203.73:6789/0 mon.ceph-mon2
2: 192.168.203.74:6789/0 mon.ceph-mon3

7、把上面的mon map注入新加入的节点
[[email protected] ~]# ceph-mon -i ceph-mon3 –inject-monmap 1.txt

8、查看mon的amin socket
[[email protected] ~]# ceph-conf –name mon.ceph-mon1 –show-config-value admin_socket
/var/run/ceph/ceph-mon.ceph-mon1.asok

9、查看mon的详细状态
[[email protected] ~]# ceph daemon mon.ceph-mon1  mon_status 
{
    “name”: “ceph-mon1”,
    “rank”: 0,
    “state”: “leader”,
    “election_epoch”: 22,
    “quorum”: [
        0,
        1,
        2
    ],
    “outside_quorum”: [],
    “extra_probe_peers”: [],
    “sync_provider”: [],
    “monmap”: {
        “epoch”: 1,
        “fsid”: “fdbb34ad-765a-420b-89e8-443aba4254dd”,
        “modified”: “0.000000”,
        “created”: “0.000000”,
        “mons”: [
            {
                “rank”: 0,
                “name”: “ceph-mon1”,
                “addr”: “192.168.203.72:6789\/0”
            },
            {
                “rank”: 1,
                “name”: “ceph-mon2”,
                “addr”: “192.168.203.73:6789\/0”
            },
            {
                “rank”: 2,
                “name”: “ceph-mon3”,
                “addr”: “192.168.203.74:6789\/0”
            }
        ]
    }
}

10、删除一个mon节点
[[email protected] ~]# ceph mon remove ceph-mon1
removed mon.ceph-mon1 at 192.168.203.72:6789/0, there are now 3 monitors

三、msd
1、查看msd状态
[[email protected] ~]# ceph mds dump
dumped mdsmap epoch 16
epoch 16
flags 0
created 2016-08-28 13:35:38.203824
modified 2016-08-28 20:40:50.048995
tableserver 0
root 0
session_timeout 60
session_autoclose 300
max_file_size 1099511627776
last_failure 0
last_failure_osd_epoch 49
compat compat={},rocompat={},incompat={1=base v0.20,2=client writeable ranges,3=default file layouts on dirs,4=dir inode in separate object,5=mds uses versioned encoding,6=dirfrag is stored in omap,8=no anchor table}
max_mds 1
in 0
up {0=44104}
failed
stopped
data_pools 1
metadata_pool 2
inline_data disabled
44098: 192.168.203.72:6800/1163 ‘ceph-mon1’ mds.-1.0 up:standby seq 1
44099: 192.168.203.74:6800/1140 ‘ceph-mon3’ mds.-1.0 up:standby seq 1
44104: 192.168.203.73:6800/1140 ‘ceph-mon2’ mds.0.3 up:replay seq 1

3、删除一个mds节点
[[email protected] ~]# ceph  mds rm 0 mds.ceph-mon1
 mds gid 0 dne

四、osd
1、查看ceph osd运行状态
[[email protected] ~]# ceph osd stat
     osdmap e56: 2 osds: 2 up, 2 in

2、查看osd映射信息
[[email protected] ~]# ceph osd dump
epoch 56
fsid fdbb34ad-765a-420b-89e8-443aba4254dd
created 2016-08-28 12:27:23.497369
modified 2016-08-28 20:41:10.565810
flags 
pool 0 ‘rbd’ replicated size 2 min_size 1 crush_ruleset 0 object_hash rjenkins pg_num 64 pgp_num 64 last_change 1 flags hashpspool stripe_width 0
pool 1 ‘cephfs_data’ replicated size 2 min_size 1 crush_ruleset 0 object_hash rjenkins pg_num 10 pgp_num 10 last_change 12 flags hashpspool crash_replay_interval 45 stripe_width 0
pool 2 ‘cephfs_metadata’ replicated size 2 min_size 1 crush_ruleset 0 object_hash rjenkins pg_num 10 pgp_num 10 last_change 11 flags hashpspool stripe_width 0
pool 4 ‘.rgw.root’ replicated size 2 min_size 1 crush_ruleset 0 object_hash rjenkins pg_num 128 pgp_num 128 last_change 42 flags hashpspool stripe_width 0
pool 5 ‘.rgw.control’ replicated size 2 min_size 1 crush_ruleset 0 object_hash rjenkins pg_num 128 pgp_num 128 last_change 50 flags hashpspool stripe_width 0
pool 6 ‘.rgw’ replicated size 2 min_size 1 crush_ruleset 0 object_hash rjenkins pg_num 128 pgp_num 128 last_change 52 flags hashpspool stripe_width 0
pool 7 ‘.rgw.gc’ replicated size 2 min_size 1 crush_ruleset 0 object_hash rjenkins pg_num 128 pgp_num 128 last_change 53 flags hashpspool stripe_width 0
max_osd 10
osd.0 up   in  weight 1 up_from 47 up_thru 54 down_at 19 last_clean_interval [0,0) 192.168.203.75:6800/1954 192.168.203.75:6801/1954 192.168.203.75:6802/1954 192.168.203.75:6803/1954 exists,up 56d8c516-f3b4-4b84-a4b5-6d6d051f125f
osd.1 up   in  weight 1 up_from 50 up_thru 54 down_at 19 last_clean_interval [0,0) 192.168.203.76:6800/1954 192.168.203.76:6801/1954 192.168.203.76:6802/1954 192.168.203.76:6803/1954 exists,up c4572946-2d7e-4144-8416-c62bbadb6d2b
blacklist 192.168.203.73:6800/1173 expires 2016-08-28 21:04:49.243225

3、查看osd的目录树
[[email protected] ~]# ceph osd tree
ID WEIGHT  TYPE NAME          UP/DOWN REWEIGHT PRIMARY-AFFINITY 
-1 0.01999 root default                                         
-2 0.00999     host ceph-osd1                                   
 0 0.00999         osd.0           up  1.00000          1.00000 
-3 0.00999     host ceph-osd2                                   
 1 0.00999         osd.1           up  1.00000          1.00000 

4、down掉一个osd硬盘
[[email protected] ~]# ceph osd down 0   #down掉osd.0节点

5、在集群中删除一个osd硬盘
[[email protected] ~]# ceph osd rm 0
removed osd.0

6、在集群中删除一个osd 硬盘 crush map
[[email protected] ~]# ceph osd crush rm osd.0

7、在集群中删除一个osd的host节点
[[email protected] ~]# ceph osd crush rm ceph-osd1
removed item id -2 name ‘ceph-osd1’ from crush map

8、查看最大osd的个数 
[[email protected] ~]# ceph osd getmaxosd
max_osd = 4 in epoch 514           #默认最大是4个osd节点

8、设置最大的osd的个数（当扩大osd节点的时候必须扩大这个值）
[[email protected] ~]# ceph osd setmaxosd 10

9、设置osd crush的权重为1.0
ceph osd crush set {id} {weight} [{loc1} [{loc2} …]]
例如：
[[email protected] ~]# ceph osd crush set 1 3.0 host=ceph-osd1
set item id 1 name ‘osd.1’ weight 3 at location {host=ceph-osd2} to crush map

[[email protected] ~]# ceph osd tree
ID WEIGHT  TYPE NAME          UP/DOWN REWEIGHT PRIMARY-AFFINITY 
-1 3.00999 root default                                         
-2 0.00999     host ceph-osd1                                   
 0 0.00999         osd.0           up  1.00000          1.00000 
-3 3.00000     host ceph-osd2                                   
 1 3.00000         osd.1           up  1.00000          1.00000 

或者用下面的方式
[[email protected] ~]# ceph osd crush reweight osd.0 1.0
reweighted item id 0 name ‘osd.0’ to 1 in crush map

[[email protected] ~]# ceph osd tree
ID WEIGHT  TYPE NAME          UP/DOWN REWEIGHT PRIMARY-AFFINITY 
-1 2.00000 root default                                         
-2 1.00000     host ceph-osd1                                   
 0 1.00000         osd.0           up  1.00000          1.00000 
-3 1.00000     host ceph-osd2                                   
 1 1.00000         osd.1           up  1.00000          1.00000 

10、设置osd的权重
[[email protected] ~]# ceph osd reweight 1 0.5
reweighted osd.1 to 0.5 (8000)
[[email protected] ~]# ceph osd tree
ID WEIGHT  TYPE NAME          UP/DOWN REWEIGHT PRIMARY-AFFINITY 
-1 2.00000 root default                                         
-2 1.00000     host ceph-osd1                                   
 0 1.00000         osd.0           up  1.00000          1.00000 
-3 1.00000     host ceph-osd2                                   
 1 1.00000         osd.1           up  0.50000          1.00000 

11、把一个osd节点逐出集群
[[email protected] ~]# ceph osd out osd.1
marked out osd.1. 
[[email protected] ~]# ceph osd tree
ID WEIGHT  TYPE NAME          UP/DOWN REWEIGHT PRIMARY-AFFINITY 
-1 2.00000 root default                                         
-2 1.00000     host ceph-osd1                                   
 0 1.00000         osd.0           up  1.00000          1.00000 
-3 1.00000     host ceph-osd2                                   
 1 1.00000         osd.1           up        0          1.00000  # osd.1的reweight变为0了就不再分配数据，但是设备还是存活的
 
12、把逐出的osd加入集群
[[email protected] ~]# ceph osd in osd.1
marked in osd.1. 
[[email protected] ~]# ceph osd tree
ID WEIGHT  TYPE NAME          UP/DOWN REWEIGHT PRIMARY-AFFINITY 
-1 2.00000 root default                                         
-2 1.00000     host ceph-osd1                                   
 0 1.00000         osd.0           up  1.00000          1.00000 
-3 1.00000     host ceph-osd2                                   
 1 1.00000         osd.1           up  1.00000          1.00000 

13、暂停osd （暂停后整个集群不再接收数据）
[[email protected] ~]# ceph osd pause
set pauserd,pausewr
      
14、再次开启osd （开启后再次接收数据） 
[[email protected] ~]# ceph osd unpause
unset pauserd,pausewr

五、PG组
1、查看pg组的映射信息
[[email protected] ~]# ceph pg dump |more
dumped all in format plain
version 204
stamp 2016-08-28 21:11:57.715242
last_osdmap_epoch 90
last_pg_scan 53
full_ratio 0.95
nearfull_ratio 0.85
pg_stat objects mip degr misp unf bytes log disklog state state_stamp v reported up up_pr
imary acting acting_primary last_scrub scrub_stamp last_deep_scrub deep_scrub_stamp
7.78 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 active+clean 2016-08-28 21:11:03.832762 0’0 88:53
[1,0] 1 [1,0] 1 0’0 2016-08-28 20:41:06.761508 0’0 2016-08-28 20:41:06.761508
6.79 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 active+clean 2016-08-28 21:11:03.111729 0’0 87:53
[0,1] 0 [0,1] 0 0’0 2016-08-28 20:41:04.937732 0’0 2016-08-28 20:41:04.937732
4.7b 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 active+clean 2016-08-28 21:11:03.834298 0’0 88:50
[1,0] 1 [1,0] 1 0’0 2016-08-28 20:38:50.323737 0’0 2016-08-28 20:38:50.323737
5.7a 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 active+clean 2016-08-28 21:11:03.816663 0’0 88:38
[1,0] 1 [1,0] 1 0’0 2016-08-28 20:40:51.277112 0’0 2016-08-28 20:40:51.277112
下面部分省略

2、查看一个PG的map
[[email protected] ~]# ceph pg map 0.3f
osdmap e90 pg 0.3f (0.3f) -> up [0,1] acting [0,1] 

3、查看PG状态
[[email protected] ~]#  ceph pg stat
v206: 596 pgs: 84 stale+active+clean, 512 active+clean; 10442 bytes data, 89652 kB used, 30610 MB / 30697 MB avail

4、查询一个pg的详细信息
[[email protected] ~]# ceph pg  7.78 query
{
    “state”: “active+clean”,
    “snap_trimq”: “[]”,
    “epoch”: 90,
    “up”: [
        1,
        0
下面部分省略

5、查看pg中stuck的状态
[[email protected] ~]# ceph pg dump_stuck unclean
ok
[[email protected] ~]# ceph pg dump_stuck inactive
ok
[[email protected] ~]# ceph pg dump_stuck stale
ok
pg_stat state up up_primary acting acting_primary
0.22 stale+active+clean [1,0] 1 [1,0] 1
0.21 stale+active+clean [1,0] 1 [1,0] 1
0.20 stale+active+clean [1,0] 1 [1,0] 1

6、显示一个集群中的所有的pg统计
[[email protected] ~]# ceph pg dump –format plain|more
dumped all in format plain
version 208
stamp 2016-08-28 21:15:57.802463
last_osdmap_epoch 90
last_pg_scan 53
full_ratio 0.95
nearfull_ratio 0.85
pg_stat objects mip degr misp unf bytes log disklog state state_stamp v reported up up_pr
imary acting acting_primary last_scrub scrub_stamp last_deep_scrub deep_scrub_stamp 
7.78 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 active+clean 2016-08-28 21:11:03.832762 0’0 88:53
[1,0] 1 [1,0] 1 0’0 2016-08-28 20:41:06.761508 0’0 2016-08-28 20:41:06.761508
下面部分省略

7、恢复一个丢失的pg
ceph pg {pg-id} mark_unfound_lost revert

8、显示非正常状态的pg
ceph pg dump_stuck inactive|unclean|stale

六、pool
1、查看ceph集群中的pool数量
[[email protected] ~]#203.109 ceph osd lspools
0 rbd,1 cephfs_data,2 cephfs_metadata,4 .rgw.root,5 .rgw.control,6 .rgw,7 .rgw.gc,

2、在ceph集群中创建一个pool
[[email protected] ~]#203.109 ceph osd pool create xiao 100  #这里的100指的是PG组
pool ‘xiao’ created

3、为一个ceph pool配置配额
[[email protected] ~]#203.109 ceph osd pool set-quota xiao max_objects 10000
set-quota max_objects = 10000 for pool xiao

3、显示所有的pool
[[email protected] ~]#203.109 ceph osd pool ls
rbd
cephfs_data
cephfs_metadata
xiao

4、在集群中删除一个pool
ceph osd pool delete xiao xiao –yes-i-really-really-mean-it  #集群名字需要重复两次

5、显示集群中pool的详细信息
[[email protected] ~]#203.109 rados df
pool name                 KB      objects       clones     degraded      unfound           rd        rd KB           wr        wr KB
cephfs_data                0            0            0            0           0            0            0            0            0
cephfs_metadata           10           20            0            0           0            0            0           75           52
rbd                        0            0            0            0           0            0            0            0            0
xiao                       0            0            0            0           0            0            0            0            0
  total used           91444           20
  total avail       31343268
  total space       31434712

6、给一个pool创建一个快照
[[email protected] ~]#203.109 ceph osd pool mksnap xiao xiao-snap
created pool xiao snap xiao-snap

7、删除pool的快照
[[email protected] ~]#203.109 ceph osd pool rmsnap xiao xiao-snap
removed pool xiao snap xiao-snap

8、查看data池的pg数量
[[email protected] ~]#203.109 ceph osd pool get xiao pg_num
pg_num: 100

9、设置data池的最大存储空间为100T（默认是1T)
[[email protected] ~]#203.109 ceph osd pool set xiao target_max_bytes 100000000000000
set pool 0 target_max_bytes to 100000000000000

10、设置data池的副本数是3
[[email protected] ~]#203.109 ceph osd pool set xiao size 3
set pool 0 size to 3

11、设置data池能接受写操作的最小副本为2
[[email protected] ~]#203.109 ceph osd pool set xiao min_size 2
set pool 0 min_size to 2

12、查看集群中所有pool的副本尺寸
[[email protected] ~]#203.109 ceph osd dump | grep ‘replicated size’
pool 0 ‘rbd’ replicated size 2 min_size 1 crush_ruleset 0 object_hash rjenkins pg_num 64 pgp_num 64 last_change 1 flags hashpspool stripe_width 0
pool 1 ‘cephfs_data’ replicated size 2 min_size 1 crush_ruleset 0 object_hash rjenkins pg_num 10 pgp_num 10 last_change 12 flags hashpspool crash_replay_interval 45 stripe_width 0
pool 2 ‘cephfs_metadata’ replicated size 2 min_size 1 crush_ruleset 0 object_hash rjenkins pg_num 10 pgp_num 10 last_change 11 flags hashpspool stripe_width 0
pool 8 ‘xiao’ replicated size 3 min_size 2 crush_ruleset 0 object_hash rjenkins pg_num 100 pgp_num 100 last_change 104 flags hashpspool max_objects 10000 stripe_width 0

13、设置一个pool的pg数量
[[email protected] ~]# ceph osd pool set xiao pg_num 100
set pool 0 pg_num to 100

14、设置一个pool的pgp数量
[[email protected] ~]# ceph osd pool set xiao pgp_num 100
set pool 0 pgp_num to 100

七、rados和rbd指令
1、rados命令使用方法
（1）、查看ceph集群中有多少个pool （只是查看pool)
[[email protected] ~]# rados lspools
rbd
cephfs_data
cephfs_metadata
xiao

（2）、查看ceph集群中有多少个pool,并且每个pool容量及利用情况
[[email protected] ~]# rados df 
pool name                 KB      objects       clones     degraded      unfound           rd        rd KB           wr        wr KB
cephfs_data                0            0            0            0           0            0            0            0            0
cephfs_metadata           10           20            0            0           0            0            0           75           52
rbd                        0            0            0            0           0            0            0            0            0
xiao                       0            0            0            0           0            0            0            0            0
  total used           73960           20
  total avail       31360752
  total space       31434712

（3）、创建一个pool
[[email protected] ~]# rados mkpool test
successfully created pool test

(4)、查看ceph pool中的ceph object （这里的object是以块形式存储的）
[[email protected] ~]# rados ls -p volumes | more
rbd_data.348f21ba7021.0000000000000866
rbd_data.32562ae8944a.0000000000000c79
rbd_data.589c2ae8944a.00000000000031ba
rbd_data.58c9151ff76b.00000000000029af
rbd_data.58c9151ff76b.0000000000002c19
rbd_data.58c9151ff76b.0000000000000a5a
rbd_data.58c9151ff76b.0000000000001c69
rbd_data.58c9151ff76b.000000000000281d
rbd_data.58c9151ff76b.0000000000002de1
rbd_data.58c9151ff76b.0000000000002dae

（5）、创建一个对象object 
[[email protected] ~]# rados create test-object -p test

[[email protected] ~]# rados -p test ls
test-object

（6）、删除一个对象
[[email protected] ~]# rados rm test-object -p test
[[email protected] ~]# rados -p test ls

2、rbd命令的用法 
（1）、查看ceph中一个pool里的所有镜像
[[email protected] ~]# rbd ls images
2014-05-24 17:17:37.043659 7f14caa6e700  0 — :/1025604 >> 10.49.101.9:6789/0 pipe(0x6c5400 sd=3 :0 s=1 pgs=0 cs=0 l=1 c=0x6c5660).fault
2182d9ac-52f4-4f5d-99a1-ab3ceacbf0b9
34e1a475-5b11-410c-b4c4-69b5f780f03c

[[email protected] ~]# rbd ls volumes
2014-05-24 17:22:18.649929 7f9e98733700  0 — :/1010725 >> 10.49.101.9:6789/0 pipe(0x96a400 sd=3 :0 s=1 pgs=0 cs=0 l=1 c=0x96a660).fault
volume-0788fc6c-0dd4-4339-bad4-e9d78bd5365c
volume-0898c5b4-4072-4cae-affc-ec59c2375c51

（2）、查看ceph pool中一个镜像的信息
[[email protected] ~]# rbd info -p images –image 74cb427c-cee9-47d0-b467-af217a67e60a
rbd image ’74cb427c-cee9-47d0-b467-af217a67e60a’:
        size 1048 MB in 131 objects
        order 23 (8192 KB objects)
        block_name_prefix: rbd_data.95c7783fc0d0
        format: 2
        features: layering
        
（3）、在test池中创建一个命名为zhanguo的10000M的镜像
[[email protected] ~]# rbd create -p test –size 10000 zhanguo
[[email protected] ~]# rbd -p test info zhanguo    #查看新建的镜像的信息
rbd image ‘zhanguo’:
        size 10000 MB in 2500 objects
        order 22 (4096 KB objects)
        block_name_prefix: rb.0.127d2.2ae8944a
        format: 1

（4）、删除一个镜像
[[email protected] ~]# rbd rm  -p test  lizhanguo
Removing image: 100% complete…done.

（5）、调整一个镜像的尺寸
[[email protected] ~]# rbd resize -p test –size 20000 zhanguo
Resizing image: 100% complete…done.
[[email protected] ~]# rbd -p test info zhanguo   #调整后的镜像大小
rbd image ‘zhanguo’:
        size 20000 MB in 5000 objects
        order 22 (4096 KB objects)
        block_name_prefix: rb.0.127d2.2ae8944a
        format: 1
 
（6）、给一个镜像创建一个快照
[[email protected] ~]# rbd  snap create  test/[email protected]  #池/镜像@快照
[[email protected] ~]# rbd   snap ls  -p test zhanguo
SNAPID NAME           SIZE 
     2 zhanguo123 20000 MB 

[[email protected] ~]# rbd info test/[email protected]
rbd image ‘zhanguo’:
        size 20000 MB in 5000 objects
        order 22 (4096 KB objects)
        block_name_prefix: rb.0.127d2.2ae8944a
        format: 1
        protected: False

（7）、查看一个镜像文件的快照
[[email protected] ~]# rbd snap ls  -p volumes volume-7687988d-16ef-4814-8a2c-3fbd85e928e4
SNAPID NAME                                               SIZE 
     5 snapshot-ee7862aa-825e-4004-9587-879d60430a12 102400 MB 
     
（8）、删除一个镜像文件的一个快照快照
                                 快照所在的池/        快照所在的镜像文件           @ 快照
[[email protected] ~]# rbd snap rm volumes/volume-7687988d-16ef-4814-8a2c[email protected]
rbd: snapshot ‘snapshot-60586eba-b0be-4885-81ab-010757e50efb’ is protected from removal.
2014-08-18 19:23:42.099301 7fd0245ef760 -1 librbd: removing snapshot from header failed: (16) Device or resource busy
上面不能删除显示的报错信息是此快照备写保护了，下面命令是删除写保护后再进行删除。
[[email protected] ~]# rbd snap unprotect volumes/[email protected]5e-4004-9587-879d60430a12
[[email protected] ~]# rbd snap rm volumes/[email protected]5e-4004-9587-879d60430a12

（9）删除一个镜像文件的所有快照
[[email protected] ~]# rbd snap purge  -p volumes volume-7687988d-16ef-4814-8a2c-3fbd85e928e4
Removing all snapshots: 100% complete…done.

（10）、把ceph pool中的一个镜像导出
导出镜像
[[email protected] ~]# rbd export -p images –image 74cb427c-cee9-47d0-b467-af217a67e60a /root/aaa.img
2014-05-24 17:16:15.197695 7ffb47a9a700  0 — :/1020493 >> 10.49.101.9:6789/0 pipe(0x1368400 sd=3 :0 s=1 pgs=0 cs=0 l=1 c=0x1368660).fault
Exporting image: 100% complete…done.

导出云硬盘
[[email protected] ~]# rbd export -p volumes –image volume-470fee37-b950-4eef-a595-d7def334a5d6 /var/lib/glance/ceph-pool/volumes/Message-JiaoBenJi-10.40.212.24
2014-05-24 17:28:18.940402 7f14ad39f700  0 — :/1032237 >> 10.49.101.9:6789/0 pipe(0x260a400 sd=3 :0 s=1 pgs=0 cs=0 l=1 c=0x260a660).fault
Exporting image: 100% complete…done.

（11）、把一个镜像导入ceph中 （但是直接导入是不能用的，因为没有经过openstack,openstack是看不到的）
[[email protected] ~]# rbd import /root/aaa.img -p images –image 74cb427c-cee9-47d0-b467-af217a67e60a  
Importing image: 100% complete…done.