iOS。在钥匙链中预先安装SSL证书--以编程方式安装

Posted 2023-01-31

我想在用户访问网站之前，在钥匙链中安装保存一个证书。我有一个HTTPS服务器，我的应用程序在用户访问之前对用户进行身份验证。https:/mysite.

有什么方法可以让我通过POST请求在keychain中安装保存证书，或者我可以将证书（文件）复制到资源捆绑中来标记它的可信度？

答案

一旦你有德格式的服务器证书，你可以尝试以下代码。

+ (void) addCertToKeychain:(NSData*)certInDer

    OSStatus            err = noErr;
    SecCertificateRef   cert;

    cert = SecCertificateCreateWithData(NULL, (CFDataRef) certInDer);
    assert(cert != NULL);

    CFTypeRef result;

    NSDictionary* dict = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:
                          (id)kSecClassCertificate, kSecClass,
                          cert, kSecValueRef, 
                          nil];

    err = SecItemAdd((CFDictionaryRef)dict, &result);
    assert(err == noErr || err == errSecDuplicateItem);

    CFRelease(cert);

它将会把证书添加到你的应用程序的钥匙链沙盒中 也就是没有其他应用程序会信任你的证书。

另一答案

从: http:/blog.asolutions.com201102使用-tls-自签证书或自定义根证书-ios

您有两个选择：将服务器的证书添加到密钥链中，或者手动执行验证。无论你的方法是什么，你都需要在你的应用程序中包含一个DER编码的X.509公共证书。在下面的例子中，它被命名为 "ios-trusted-cert.der"）并使用它创建一个SecCertificateRef。(如果你的服务器的证书是链到根证书颁发机构的一部分，你应该安装根证书颁发机构，而不是服务器的证书。)

NSBundle *bundle = [NSBundle bundleForClass:[self class]];
NSData *iosTrustedCertDerData =
  [NSData dataWithContentsOfFile:[bundle pathForResource:@"ios-trusted-cert"
                                                    ofType:@"der"]];
SecCertificateRef certificate =
  SecCertificateCreateWithData(NULL,
                               (CFDataRef) iosTrustedCertDerData);

记住，SecCertificateCreateWithData遵循内存所有权的创建规则，所以当你不再需要它时，你必须CFRelease它，以避免内存泄漏。

接下来，你可以将你的证书添加到你的应用程序的钥匙链中。当你希望iOS对你创建的每个新socket都信任你的cert时，这是很合适的。

- (void) useKeychain: (SecCertificateRef) certificate 
  OSStatus err =
    SecItemAdd((CFDictionaryRef) [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:
                                  (id) kSecClassCertificate, kSecClass,
                                  certificate, kSecValueRef,
                                  nil],
               NULL);
  if ((err == noErr) || // success!
    (err == errSecDuplicateItem))  // the cert was already added.  Success!
    // create your socket normally.
    // This is oversimplified.  Refer to the CFNetwork Guide for more details.
    CFReadStreamRef readStream;
    CFWriteStreamRef writeStream;
    CFStreamCreatePairWithSocketToHost(NULL,
                                       (CFStringRef)@"localhost",
                                       8443,
                                       &readStream,
                                       &writeStream);
    CFReadStreamSetProperty(readStream,
                            kCFStreamPropertySocketSecurityLevel,
                            kCFStreamSocketSecurityLevelTLSv1);
    CFReadStreamOpen(readStream);
    CFWriteStreamOpen(writeStream);
   else 
    // handle the error.  There is probably something wrong with your cert.
  

如果您只想为您正在创建的套接字验证证书，而不为您的应用程序中的其他套接字验证证书，您可以手动验证您对证书的信任。首先，创建一个套接字（假设你的服务器与客户端在同一台机器上监听的是8443端口），并在其ssl设置中禁用其证书链验证。

- (void) verifiesManually: (SecCertificateRef) certificate 
  CFReadStreamRef readStream;
  CFWriteStreamRef writeStream;
  CFStreamCreatePairWithSocketToHost(NULL,
                                     (CFStringRef)@"localhost",
                                     8443,
                                     &readStream,
                                     &writeStream);
  // Set this kCFStreamPropertySocketSecurityLevel before
  // setting kCFStreamPropertySSLSettings.
  // Setting kCFStreamPropertySocketSecurityLevel
  // appears to override previous settings in kCFStreamPropertySSLSettings
  CFReadStreamSetProperty(readStream,
                          kCFStreamPropertySocketSecurityLevel,
                          kCFStreamSocketSecurityLevelTLSv1);
  // this disables certificate chain validation in ssl settings.
  NSDictionary *sslSettings =
    [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:
     (id)kCFBooleanFalse, (id)kCFStreamSSLValidatesCertificateChain,
     nil];
  CFReadStreamSetProperty(readStream,
                          kCFStreamPropertySSLSettings,
                          sslSettings);
  NSInputStream *inputStream = (NSInputStream *)readStream;
  NSOutputStream *outputStream = (NSOutputStream *)writeStream;
  [inputStream setDelegate:self];
  [outputStream setDelegate:self];
  [inputStream scheduleInRunLoop:[NSRunLoop currentRunLoop]
                         forMode:NSDefaultRunLoopMode];
  [outputStream scheduleInRunLoop:[NSRunLoop currentRunLoop]
                          forMode:NSDefaultRunLoopMode];
  CFReadStreamOpen(readStream);
  CFWriteStreamOpen(writeStream);

然后，当你收到一个回调，表明你的套接字已经准备好写入数据时，你应该在向服务器写入任何数据或从服务器读取任何数据之前，验证服务器所包含的证书的可信度。首先(1)、用你连接的服务器的主机名创建一个客户端SSL策略。主机名包含在服务器的证书中，以验证DNS引导你的服务器是你信任的服务器。接下来（2），你从套接字中抓取实际的服务器证书。如果服务器的证书是证书链的一部分，可能会有多个证书与服务器相关联。当你有了实际的服务器证书后，你可以 (3) 创建一个信任对象。信任对象代表了信任评估的本地上下文。它隔离了单个的信任评估，而密钥链证书则适用于所有受信任的套接字。有了信任对象之后，你可以(4)设置锚证书，也就是你信任的证书。最后(5)，你可以评估信任对象，发现服务器是否可以被信任。

#pragma mark -
#pragma mark NSStreamDelegate
- (void)stream:(NSStream *)aStream
   handleEvent:(NSStreamEvent)eventCode 
  switch (eventCode) 
    case NSStreamEventNone:
    break;
    case NSStreamEventOpenCompleted:
    break;
    case NSStreamEventHasBytesAvailable:
    break;
    case NSStreamEventHasSpaceAvailable:
      // #1
      // NO for client, YES for server.  In this example, we are a client
      // replace "localhost" with the name of the server to which you are connecting
      SecPolicyRef policy = SecPolicyCreateSSL(NO, CFSTR("localhost"));
      SecTrustRef trust = NULL;
      // #2
      CFArrayRef streamCertificates =
        [aStream propertyForKey:(NSString *) kCFStreamPropertySSLPeerCertificates];
      // #3
      SecTrustCreateWithCertificates(streamCertificates,
                                     policy,
                                     &trust);
      // #4
      SecTrustSetAnchorCertificates(trust,
                                    (CFArrayRef) [NSArray arrayWithObject:(id) self.certificate]);
      // #5
      SecTrustResultType trustResultType = kSecTrustResultInvalid;
      OSStatus status = SecTrustEvaluate(trust, &trustResultType);
      if (status == errSecSuccess) 
        // expect trustResultType == kSecTrustResultUnspecified
        // until my cert exists in the keychain see technote for more detail.
        if (trustResultType == kSecTrustResultUnspecified) 
          NSLog(@"We can trust this certificate! TrustResultType: %d", trustResultType);
         else 
          NSLog(@"Cannot trust certificate. TrustResultType: %d", trustResultType);
        
       else 
        NSLog(@"Creating trust failed: %d", status);
        [aStream close];
      
      if (trust) 
        CFRelease(trust);
      
      if (policy) 
        CFRelease(policy);
      
    break;
    case NSStreamEventErrorOccurred:
      NSLog(@"unexpected NSStreamEventErrorOccurred: %@", [aStream streamError]);
    break;
    case NSStreamEventEndEncountered:
    break;
    default:
    break;