无法在Windows 10和Python 3.7上安装dlib

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我正在尝试在Windows 10上的Anaconda python 3.7上安装OpenCV，dlib。我已经将Visual Studio 2015与CMake一起安装。当我尝试在计算机上安装dlib时，出现以下错误。我也无法安装OpenCV。我尝试使用.whl文件安装dlib。但是，仍然没有运气。

Collecting dlib
  Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/1e/62/aacb236d21fbd08148b1d517d58a9d80ea31bdcd386d26f21f8b23b1eb28/dlib-19.18.0.tar.gz
Building wheels for collected packages: dlib
  Building wheel for dlib (setup.py) ... error
  ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
   command: 'C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Continuum\anaconda3\envs\opencv-env\python.exe' -u -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'C:\\Users\\dbi227\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\pip-install-9vjrsx_l\\dlib\\setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'C:\\Users\\dbi227\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\pip-install-9vjrsx_l\\dlib\\setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' bdist_wheel -d 'C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-wheel-2nm313mu' --python-tag cp37
       cwd: C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-9vjrsx_l\dlib\
  Complete output (73 lines):
  running bdist_wheel
  running build
  running build_py
  package init file 'dlib\__init__.py' not found (or not a regular file)
  running build_ext
  Building extension for Python 3.7.4 (default, Aug  9 2019, 18:34:13) [MSC v.1915 64 bit (AMD64)]
  Invoking CMake setup: 'cmake C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-9vjrsx_l\dlib\tools\python -DCMAKE_LIBRARY_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY=C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-9vjrsx_l\dlib\build\lib.win-amd64-3.7 -DPYTHON_EXECUTABLE=C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Continuum\anaconda3\envs\opencv-env\python.exe -DCMAKE_LIBRARY_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY_RELEASE=C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-9vjrsx_l\dlib\build\lib.win-amd64-3.7 -A x64'
  -- Building for: Visual Studio 14 2015
  -- Selecting Windows SDK version  to target Windows 10.0.17763.
  CMake Error at CMakeLists.txt:3 (project):
    Failed to run MSBuild command:

      C:/Program Files (x86)/MSBuild/14.0/bin/MSBuild.exe

    to get the value of VCTargetsPath:

      Microsoft (R) Build Engine version 14.0.25420.1
      Copyright (C) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.

      Build started 10/23/2019 9:27:01 AM.
      Project "C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-9vjrsx_l\dlib\build\temp.win-amd64-3.7\Release\CMakeFiles\3.15.3\VCTargetsPath.vcxproj" on node 1 (default targets).
      C:\Program Files (x86)\MSBuild\Microsoft.Cpp\v4.0\V140\Platforms\x64\PlatformToolsets\v140\Toolset.targets(36,5): error MSB8036: The Windows SDK version 8.1 was not found. Install the required version of Windows SDK or change the SDK version in the project property pages or by right-clicking the solution and selecting "Retarget solution". [C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-9vjrsx_l\dlib\build\temp.win-amd64-3.7\Release\CMakeFiles\3.15.3\VCTargetsPath.vcxproj]
      Done Building Project "C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-9vjrsx_l\dlib\build\temp.win-amd64-3.7\Release\CMakeFiles\3.15.3\VCTargetsPath.vcxproj" (default targets) -- FAILED.

      Build FAILED.

      "C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-9vjrsx_l\dlib\build\temp.win-amd64-3.7\Release\CMakeFiles\3.15.3\VCTargetsPath.vcxproj" (default target) (1) ->
      (Desktop_PlatformPrepareForBuild target) ->
        C:\Program Files (x86)\MSBuild\Microsoft.Cpp\v4.0\V140\Platforms\x64\PlatformToolsets\v140\Toolset.targets(36,5): error MSB8036: The Windows SDK version 8.1 was not found. Install the required version of Windows SDK or change the SDK version in the project property pages or by right-clicking the solution and selecting "Retarget solution". [C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-9vjrsx_l\dlib\build\temp.win-amd64-3.7\Release\CMakeFiles\3.15.3\VCTargetsPath.vcxproj]

          0 Warning(s)
          1 Error(s)

      Time Elapsed 00:00:00.51


    Exit code: 1



  -- Configuring incomplete, errors occurred!
  See also "C:/Users/dbi227/AppData/Local/Temp/pip-install-9vjrsx_l/dlib/build/temp.win-amd64-3.7/Release/CMakeFiles/CMakeOutput.log".
  Traceback (most recent call last):
    File "<string>", line 1, in <module>
    File "C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-9vjrsx_l\dlib\setup.py", line 261, in <module>
      'Topic :: Software Development',
    File "C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Continuum\anaconda3\envs\opencv-env\lib\site-packages\setuptools\__init__.py", line 145, in setup
      return distutils.core.setup(**attrs)
    File "C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Continuum\anaconda3\envs\opencv-env\lib\distutils\core.py", line 148, in setup
      dist.run_commands()
    File "C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Continuum\anaconda3\envs\opencv-env\lib\distutils\dist.py", line 966, in run_commands
      self.run_command(cmd)
    File "C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Continuum\anaconda3\envs\opencv-env\lib\distutils\dist.py", line 985, in run_command
      cmd_obj.run()
    File "C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Continuum\anaconda3\envs\opencv-env\lib\site-packages\wheel\bdist_wheel.py", line 192, in run
      self.run_command('build')
    File "C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Continuum\anaconda3\envs\opencv-env\lib\distutils\cmd.py", line 313, in run_command
      self.distribution.run_command(command)
    File "C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Continuum\anaconda3\envs\opencv-env\lib\distutils\dist.py", line 985, in run_command
      cmd_obj.run()
    File "C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Continuum\anaconda3\envs\opencv-env\lib\distutils\command\build.py", line 135, in run
      self.run_command(cmd_name)
    File "C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Continuum\anaconda3\envs\opencv-env\lib\distutils\cmd.py", line 313, in run_command
      self.distribution.run_command(command)
    File "C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Continuum\anaconda3\envs\opencv-env\lib\distutils\dist.py", line 985, in run_command
      cmd_obj.run()
    File "C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-9vjrsx_l\dlib\setup.py", line 135, in run
      self.build_extension(ext)
    File "C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-9vjrsx_l\dlib\setup.py", line 172, in build_extension
      subprocess.check_call(cmake_setup, cwd=build_folder)
    File "C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Continuum\anaconda3\envs\opencv-env\lib\subprocess.py", line 347, in check_call
      raise CalledProcessError(retcode, cmd)
  subprocess.CalledProcessError: Command '['cmake', 'C:\\Users\\dbi227\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\pip-install-9vjrsx_l\\dlib\\tools\\python', '-DCMAKE_LIBRARY_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY=C:\\Users\\dbi227\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\pip-install-9vjrsx_l\\dlib\\build\\lib.win-amd64-3.7', '-DPYTHON_EXECUTABLE=C:\\Users\\dbi227\\AppData\\Local\\Continuum\\anaconda3\\envs\\opencv-env\\python.exe', '-DCMAKE_LIBRARY_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY_RELEASE=C:\\Users\\dbi227\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\pip-install-9vjrsx_l\\dlib\\build\\lib.win-amd64-3.7', '-A', 'x64']' returned non-zero exit status 1.
  ----------------------------------------
  ERROR: Failed building wheel for dlib
  Running setup.py clean for dlib
Failed to build dlib
Installing collected packages: dlib
    Running setup.py install for dlib ... error
    ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
     command: 'C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Continuum\anaconda3\envs\opencv-env\python.exe' -u -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'C:\\Users\\dbi227\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\pip-install-9vjrsx_l\\dlib\\setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'C:\\Users\\dbi227\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\pip-install-9vjrsx_l\\dlib\\setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' install --record 'C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-record-3ic8n66v\install-record.txt' --single-version-externally-managed --compile
         cwd: C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-9vjrsx_l\dlib\
    Complete output (75 lines):
    running install
    running build
    running build_py
    package init file 'dlib\__init__.py' not found (or not a regular file)
    running build_ext
    Building extension for Python 3.7.4 (default, Aug  9 2019, 18:34:13) [MSC v.1915 64 bit (AMD64)]
    Invoking CMake setup: 'cmake C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-9vjrsx_l\dlib\tools\python -DCMAKE_LIBRARY_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY=C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-9vjrsx_l\dlib\build\lib.win-amd64-3.7 -DPYTHON_EXECUTABLE=C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Continuum\anaconda3\envs\opencv-env\python.exe -DCMAKE_LIBRARY_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY_RELEASE=C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-9vjrsx_l\dlib\build\lib.win-amd64-3.7 -A x64'
    -- Building for: Visual Studio 14 2015
    -- Selecting Windows SDK version  to target Windows 10.0.17763.
    CMake Error at CMakeLists.txt:3 (project):
      Failed to run MSBuild command:

        C:/Program Files (x86)/MSBuild/14.0/bin/MSBuild.exe

      to get the value of VCTargetsPath:

        Microsoft (R) Build Engine version 14.0.25420.1
        Copyright (C) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.

        Build started 10/23/2019 9:27:03 AM.
        Project "C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-9vjrsx_l\dlib\build\temp.win-amd64-3.7\Release\CMakeFiles\3.15.3\VCTargetsPath.vcxproj" on node 1 (default targets).
        C:\Program Files (x86)\MSBuild\Microsoft.Cpp\v4.0\V140\Platforms\x64\PlatformToolsets\v140\Toolset.targets(36,5): error MSB8036: The Windows SDK version 8.1 was not found. Install the required version of Windows SDK or change the SDK version in the project property pages or by right-clicking the solution and selecting "Retarget solution". [C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-9vjrsx_l\dlib\build\temp.win-amd64-3.7\Release\CMakeFiles\3.15.3\VCTargetsPath.vcxproj]
        Done Building Project "C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-9vjrsx_l\dlib\build\temp.win-amd64-3.7\Release\CMakeFiles\3.15.3\VCTargetsPath.vcxproj" (default targets) -- FAILED.

        Build FAILED.

        "C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-9vjrsx_l\dlib\build\temp.win-amd64-3.7\Release\CMakeFiles\3.15.3\VCTargetsPath.vcxproj" (default target) (1) ->
        (Desktop_PlatformPrepareForBuild target) ->
          C:\Program Files (x86)\MSBuild\Microsoft.Cpp\v4.0\V140\Platforms\x64\PlatformToolsets\v140\Toolset.targets(36,5): error MSB8036: The Windows SDK version 8.1 was not found. Install the required version of Windows SDK or change the SDK version in the project property pages or by right-clicking the solution and selecting "Retarget solution". [C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-9vjrsx_l\dlib\build\temp.win-amd64-3.7\Release\CMakeFiles\3.15.3\VCTargetsPath.vcxproj]

            0 Warning(s)
            1 Error(s)

        Time Elapsed 00:00:00.10


      Exit code: 1



    -- Configuring incomplete, errors occurred!
    See also "C:/Users/dbi227/AppData/Local/Temp/pip-install-9vjrsx_l/dlib/build/temp.win-amd64-3.7/Release/CMakeFiles/CMakeOutput.log".
    Traceback (most recent call last):
      File "<string>", line 1, in <module>
      File "C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-9vjrsx_l\dlib\setup.py", line 261, in <module>
        'Topic :: Software Development',
      File "C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Continuum\anaconda3\envs\opencv-env\lib\site-packages\setuptools\__init__.py", line 145, in setup
        return distutils.core.setup(**attrs)
      File "C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Continuum\anaconda3\envs\opencv-env\lib\distutils\core.py", line 148, in setup
        dist.run_commands()
      File "C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Continuum\anaconda3\envs\opencv-env\lib\distutils\dist.py", line 966, in run_commands
        self.run_command(cmd)
      File "C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Continuum\anaconda3\envs\opencv-env\lib\distutils\dist.py", line 985, in run_command
        cmd_obj.run()
      File "C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Continuum\anaconda3\envs\opencv-env\lib\site-packages\setuptools\command\install.py", line 61, in run
        return orig.install.run(self)
      File "C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Continuum\anaconda3\envs\opencv-env\lib\distutils\command\install.py", line 545, in run
        self.run_command('build')
      File "C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Continuum\anaconda3\envs\opencv-env\lib\distutils\cmd.py", line 313, in run_command
        self.distribution.run_command(command)
      File "C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Continuum\anaconda3\envs\opencv-env\lib\distutils\dist.py", line 985, in run_command
        cmd_obj.run()
      File "C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Continuum\anaconda3\envs\opencv-env\lib\distutils\command\build.py", line 135, in run
        self.run_command(cmd_name)
      File "C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Continuum\anaconda3\envs\opencv-env\lib\distutils\cmd.py", line 313, in run_command
        self.distribution.run_command(command)
      File "C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Continuum\anaconda3\envs\opencv-env\lib\distutils\dist.py", line 985, in run_command
        cmd_obj.run()
      File "C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-9vjrsx_l\dlib\setup.py", line 135, in run
        self.build_extension(ext)
      File "C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-9vjrsx_l\dlib\setup.py", line 172, in build_extension
        subprocess.check_call(cmake_setup, cwd=build_folder)
      File "C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Continuum\anaconda3\envs\opencv-env\lib\subprocess.py", line 347, in check_call
        raise CalledProcessError(retcode, cmd)
    subprocess.CalledProcessError: Command '['cmake', 'C:\\Users\\dbi227\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\pip-install-9vjrsx_l\\dlib\\tools\\python', '-DCMAKE_LIBRARY_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY=C:\\Users\\dbi227\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\pip-install-9vjrsx_l\\dlib\\build\\lib.win-amd64-3.7', '-DPYTHON_EXECUTABLE=C:\\Users\\dbi227\\AppData\\Local\\Continuum\\anaconda3\\envs\\opencv-env\\python.exe', '-DCMAKE_LIBRARY_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY_RELEASE=C:\\Users\\dbi227\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\pip-install-9vjrsx_l\\dlib\\build\\lib.win-amd64-3.7', '-A', 'x64']' returned non-zero exit status 1.
    ----------------------------------------
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1: 'C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Continuum\anaconda3\envs\opencv-env\python.exe' -u -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'C:\\Users\\dbi227\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\pip-install-9vjrsx_l\\dlib\\setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'C:\\Users\\dbi227\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\pip-install-9vjrsx_l\\dlib\\setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' install --record 'C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-record-3ic8n66v\install-record.txt' --single-version-externally-managed --compile Check the logs for full command output.
答案

我尝试了很多事情来使用最新版本的蟒蛇python 3.7。但是我无法这样做。因为.whl文件都不与3.7兼容，但与3.6兼容。因此，按照link将python版本降级为3.6。这样，间谍程序和python都将降级到3.6版本。完成后，我使用以下命令安装了opencv。

pip install opencv-python
pip install opencv-contrib-python

我使用以下命令安装了dlib。

pip install dlib-19.8.1-cp36-cp36m-win_amd64.whl

这已成功安装了最新版本的dlib。

要检查所有设备是否正确安装，我使用的命令以及在Anaconda提示符下获得的输出如下。

(py36) C:\Users\dbi227>python
Python 3.6.9 |Anaconda, Inc.| (default, Jul 30 2019, 14:00:49) [MSC v.1915 64 bit (AMD64)] on win32
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import cv2
>>> cv2.__version__
'4.1.1'
>>> import dlib
>>> dlib.__version__
'19.8.1'

检查您的iPython是否也降级到3.6很重要。为此，除了启动选项的spyder（anaconda3）外，我还有一个选项spyder（py36）。确保单击spyder（py36）。因为那是安装库的地方。要检查它，您只需键入

import cv2
import dlib

如果这些命令没有显示任何错误，则说明库已正确安装。

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