如何使用包含Swift中相同键的多个值的查询参数构建URL？

Posted 2021-04-13

我在我的ios应用程序中使用AFNetworking，并且对于它所做的所有GET请求，我从基本URL构建url，然后使用NSDictionary键值对添加参数。

问题是我需要相同的键来表示不同的值。

以下是我需要最终URL的示例 -

http://example.com/.....&id=21212&id=21212&id=33232

NSDictionary中不可能在相同的键中具有不同的值。所以我尝试了NSSet但是没有用。

let productIDSet: Set = [prodIDArray]
let paramDict = NSMutableDictionary()
paramDict.setObject(productIDSet, forKey: "id")

答案

你需要的只是NSURLComponents。基本思想是为你的id创建一堆查询项。这是您可以粘贴到游乐场的代码：

import UIKit
import XCPlayground

let queryItems = [NSURLQueryItem(name: "id", value: "2121"), NSURLQueryItem(name: "id", value: "3232")]
let urlComps = NSURLComponents(string: "www.apple.com/help")!
urlComps.queryItems = queryItems
let URL = urlComps.URL!
XCPlaygroundPage.currentPage.captureValue(URL.absoluteString, withIdentifier: "URL")

你应该看到一个输出

呜呜呜.apple.com/help?ID=2121&ID=3232

另一答案

它可以将QueryItem添加到现有URL。

extension URL {

    func appending(_ queryItem: String, value: String?) -> URL {

        guard var urlComponents = URLComponents(string: absoluteString) else { return absoluteURL }

        // Create array of existing query items
        var queryItems: [URLQueryItem] = urlComponents.queryItems ??  []

        // Create query item
        let queryItem = URLQueryItem(name: queryItem, value: value)

        // Append the new query item in the existing query items array
        queryItems.append(queryItem)

        // Append updated query items array in the url component object
        urlComponents.queryItems = queryItems

        // Returns the url from new url components
        return urlComponents.url!
    }
}

如何使用

var url = URL(string: "https://www.example.com")!
let finalURL = url.appending("test", value: "123")
                  .appending("test2", value: nil)

另一答案

func queryString(_ value: String, params: [String: String]) -> String? {    
    var components = URLComponents(string: value)
    components?.queryItems = params.map { element in URLQueryItem(name: element.key, value: element.value) }

    return components?.url?.absoluteString
}

另一答案

用于附加查询项的URL扩展，类似于Bhuvan Bhatt的想法，但具有不同的签名：

• 它可以检测故障（通过返回nil而不是self），从而允许自定义处理URL不符合RFC 3986的情况。
• 它通过实际传递任何查询项作为参数来允许nil值。
• 为了提高性能，它允许一次传递多个查询项。

extension URL {
    /// Returns a new URL by adding the query items, or nil if the URL doesn't support it.
    /// URL must conform to RFC 3986.
    func appending(_ queryItems: [URLQueryItem]) -> URL? {
        guard var urlComponents = URLComponents(url: self, resolvingAgainstBaseURL: true) else {
            // URL is not conforming to RFC 3986 (maybe it is only conforming to RFC 1808, RFC 1738, and RFC 2732)
            return nil
        }
        // append the query items to the existing ones
        urlComponents.queryItems = (urlComponents.queryItems ?? []) + queryItems

        // return the url from new url components
        return urlComponents.url
    }
}

Usage

let url = URL(string: "https://example.com/...")!
let queryItems = [URLQueryItem(name: "id", value: nil),
                  URLQueryItem(name: "id", value: "22"),
                  URLQueryItem(name: "id", value: "33")]
let newUrl = url.appending(queryItems)!
print(newUrl)

输出：

https://example.com/...?id&id=22&id=33

另一答案

在Swift Forming URL中有多个参数

func rateConversionURL(with array: [String]) -> URL? {
            var components = URLComponents()
            components.scheme = "https"
            components.host = "example.com"
            components.path = "/hello/"
            components.queryItems = array.map { URLQueryItem(name: "value", value: $0)}

        return components.url
    }

另一答案

我想你只需做这样的事情：

let params = ["id" : [1, 2, 3, 4], ...];

将被编码为：.... id％5B％5D = 1＆id％5B％5D = 2＆id％5B％5D = 3＆id％5B％5D = 4 ....