MySQL5.6多实例部署
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无论是迫于预算,亦或者是领导要求,多实例的安装也是DBA必须掌握的技术,他的启停和登录方式和单实例安装数据库略有不同,本文记录下如何完成mysql5.6多实例部署。
首先我们看一下my.cnf和单实例的区分:
[[email protected] scripts]# cat /etc/my.cnf [client] #port = 3306 #socket = /tmp/mysql.sock #default-character-set = utf8 [mysql] #default-character-set = utf8 [mysqld3306] port = 3306 basedir = /usr/local/mysql datadir = /data/mysql_3306 socket = /tmp/mysql_3306.sock slow_query_log_file = /data/mysql_3306/slow.log log-error = /data/mysql_3306/error.log log-bin = /data/mysql_3306/mysql-bin sync_binlog = 1 binlog_format = row transaction_isolation = REPEATABLE-READ innodb_buffer_pool_size = 100m [mysqld3308] port = 3308 basedir = /usr/local/mysql datadir = /data/mysql_3308 socket = /tmp/mysql_3308.sock slow_query_log = 1 slow_query_log_file = /data/mysql_3308/slow.log log-error = /data/mysql_3308/error.log long_query_time = 1 log-bin = /data/mysql_3308/mysql-bin sync_binlog = 1 binlog_cache_size = 4M default-storage-engine = InnoDB binlog_format = row transaction_isolation = REPEATABLE-READ innodb_buffer_pool_size = 100m [mysqld_multi] mysqld=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe mysqladmin=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin [mysqldump] quick max_allowed_packet = 32M
可以看出,多实例的my.cnf实际上就是如上所示,本文为了演示实验环境,innodb_buffer_pool_size仅仅开了100m,真实的生产库中多实例部署该参数要开大些,两个实例该参数的值达到内存的50%-80%都可以。
下面开始初始化我们的数据库
首先创建我们的数据目录
[[email protected] ~]#mkdir -p /data/mysql_3306 [[email protected] ~]#mkdir -p /data/mysql_3308 [[email protected] ~]#echo "export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/lib" >>/etc/profile
进入到mysql的scripts文件夹下对数据库进行初始化,这里我们对3306端口数据库进行初始化
[[email protected] scripts]#./mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql_3306 --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --user=mysql
这里我们对3308端口数据库进行初始化
[[email protected] scripts]# ./mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql_3308 --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --user=mysql
初始化完成后,我们便可以启停数据库了,和单实例不同,多实例采用mysqld_multi来启停数据库
[[email protected] bin]# ./mysqld_multi --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --user=root --password=MANAGER start 3306,3308
可以利用mysqld_multi的report命令来检测多实例的运行状况
[[email protected] bin]#./mysqld_multi report Reporting MySQL servers MySQL server from group: mysqld3306 is running MySQL server from group: mysqld3308 is running
登录方式和单实例大体相同,不过由于多实例的存在,我们需要指定不同的端口号
[[email protected] bin]# mysql -uroot -p -P3306 -h 192.168.1.48 Enter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 6 Server version: 5.6.16-log MySQL Community Server (GPL) Copyright (c) 2000, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement. mysql> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | 3306db | | mysql | | performance_schema | | test | +--------------------+ 5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
当然,利用socket文件登录也是可以的
[[email protected] bin]#mysql -uroot -p -S /data/mysql_3306/mysql_3306.sock Enter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 7 Server version: 5.6.16-log MySQL Community Server (GPL) Copyright (c) 2000, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement. mysql> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | 3306db | | mysql | | performance_schema | | test | +--------------------+ 5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
这里是登录3308端口数据库
[[email protected] bin]#mysql -uroot -p -P3308 -h 192.168.1.48 Enter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 8 Server version: 5.6.16-log MySQL Community Server (GPL) Copyright (c) 2000, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement. Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement. mysql> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | 3308db | | mysql | | performance_schema | | test | +--------------------+ 5 rows in set (0.00sec) mysql> quit Bye
利用3308端口的socket文件登录数据库
[[email protected] bin]#mysql -uroot -p -S /data/mysql_3308/mysql_3308.sock Enter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 9 Server version: 5.6.16-log MySQL Community Server (GPL) Copyright (c) 2000, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement. mysql> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | 3308db | | mysql | | performance_schema | | test | +--------------------+ 5 rows in set (0.00sec)
至此,MySQL5.6多实例部署完成。
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