python 小功能

Posted 2020-08-07 hello！world！

 

目录

1、上传文件　　

2、验证码　　

 

 

一、上传文件

首先了解一下 request.FILES ：

字典 request.FILES 中的每一个条目都是一个UploadFile对象。UploadFile对象有如下方法：
1、UploadFile.read():
从文件中读取全部上传数据。当上传文件过大时，可能会耗尽内存，慎用。
2、UploadFile.multiple_chunks():
如上传文件足够大，要分成多个部分读入时，返回True.默认情况,当上传文件大于2.5M时，返回True。但这一个值可以配置。
3、UploadFile.chunks():
返回一个上传文件的分块生成器。如multiple_chunks()返回True,必须在循环中使用chrunks()来代替read()。一般情况下直接使用chunks()就行。
4、UploadFile.name:上传文件的文件名
5、UplaodFile.size:上传文件的文件大小（字节）

 

 

django普通版本上传

models.py

class UploadFile(models.Model):
    username =models.CharField(max_length=50)
    uploadfile = models.FileField(upload_to=\'./static/\')#指定的upload目录相对于根目录下media目录

    def __str__(self):
        return self.username

　　

index.html

<form method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
    <label>用户名：</label><input type="text" name="username" />
    <label>文 件：</label><input type="file" name="uploadfile" />
    <input type="submit" value="\'提交" />
</form>

　

views.py

def index(request):
    if request.method == \'POST\':
        un = request.POST.get(\'username\')
        print(un)
        f = request.FILES.get(\'uploadfile\')#\'uploadfile\'与提交表单中input名一致，多个文件参见getlist()
        filename = os.path.join(\'static\', f.name)  #存放内容的目标文件
        # 123 = os.path.join(\'static\', \'images\', filename.name)
        with open(filename, \'wb\') as keys:
            for chunk in f.chunks():#chunks()方法将文件切分成为块(<=2.5M)的迭代对象
                keys.write(chunk)
                #新数据表信息
        models.UploadFile.objects.create(username=un, uploadfile=filename)
        return HttpResponse(filename + \'ok\')
    return render_to_response(\'index.html\', {})

　　

django from上传

models.py

class UploadFile(models.Model):
    username =models.CharField(max_length=50)
    uploadfile = models.FileField(upload_to=\'./static/\')#指定的upload目录相对于根目录下media目录

    def __str__(self):
        return self.username

　　

mo.html

<form method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
{{ uf.username }}
{{ uf.uploadfile }}
    <input type="submit" value="\'提交" />
</form>

　　

forms.py

from django import forms

class UploadForm(forms.Form):
    username = forms.CharField()
    uploadfile = forms.FileField()

　　

views.py

def model(request):
    if request.method ==\'POST\':
        uf =forms.UploadForm(request.POST,request.FILES)
        if uf.is_valid():
            username =uf.cleaned_data[\'username\']
            uploadfile=uf.cleaned_data[\'uploadfile\']
            u = models.UploadFile()
            u.username=username
            u.uploadfile=uploadfile
            u.save()
            return HttpResponse(\'ok\')
    uf = forms.UploadForm()
    return render_to_response(\'mo.html\',{\'uf\':uf})

　　

Ajax上传文件 

html文件

    <div>
        {{ uf.uploadfile }}
       <input type="button" id="submitj" value="提交" />
   </div>
    
<script src="/static/jquery-2.1.4.min.js"></script>
<script>
    $(\'#submitj\').bind("click",function () {
        var file = $(\'#id_uploadfile\')[0].files[0];
        console.log("fff",file);
        var form = new FormData();
        form.append(\'uploadfile\', file);
         $.ajax({

                type:\'POST\',
                url: \'/mo/\',
                data: form,
                processData: false,  // tell jQuery not to process the data
                contentType: false,  // tell jQuery not to set contentType
                success: function(arg){

                }
            })
    })
</script>

　　

views.py

def UploadFile(request):
    print(request.FILES)
    uf = forms.uploadForm(request.POST, request.FILES)
    print(uf.is_valid())
    if uf.is_valid():
        upoad = models.UploadFile()
        print(123234)
        upoad.username = \'alex\'
        upoad.uploadfile = uf.cleaned_data[\'uploadfile\']
        upoad.save()
    return render(request,\'ajax.html\',locals())

　

forms.py　

from django import forms

class uploadForm(forms.Form):

    uploadfile = forms.FileField()

　　

 models.py

class UploadFile(models.Model):
    username =models.CharField(max_length=50)
    uploadfile = models.FileField(upload_to=\'./static/\')#指定的upload目录相对于根目录下media目录

    def __str__(self):
        return self.username

　　

二、验证码

views.py

import io
import os
from django_code import check_code


def check_coder(request):
    mstream = io.BytesIO()
    img, code = check_code.create_validate_code()
    img.save(mstream, "GIF")
    request.session["CheckCode"] = code   ##写入session
    print(mstream.getvalue())
    return HttpResponse(mstream.getvalue())

　　

check_code.py 文件

#!/usr/bin/env python
#coding:utf-8

import random
from PIL import Image, ImageDraw, ImageFont, ImageFilter

_letter_cases = "abcdefghjkmnpqrstuvwxy"  # 小写字母，去除可能干扰的i，l，o，z
_upper_cases = _letter_cases.upper()  # 大写字母
_numbers = \'\'.join(map(str, range(3, 10)))  # 数字
init_chars = \'\'.join((_letter_cases, _upper_cases, _numbers))

def create_validate_code(size=(120, 30),
                         chars=init_chars,
                         img_type="GIF",
                         mode="RGB",
                         bg_color=(255, 255, 255),
                         fg_color=(0, 0, 255),
                         font_size=18,
                         font_type="Monaco.ttf",
                         length=4,
                         draw_lines=True,
                         n_line=(1, 2),
                         draw_points=True,
                         point_chance = 2):
    \'\'\'
    @todo: 生成验证码图片
    @param size: 图片的大小，格式（宽，高），默认为(120, 30)
    @param chars: 允许的字符集合，格式字符串
    @param img_type: 图片保存的格式，默认为GIF，可选的为GIF，JPEG，TIFF，PNG
    @param mode: 图片模式，默认为RGB
    @param bg_color: 背景颜色，默认为白色
    @param fg_color: 前景色，验证码字符颜色，默认为蓝色#0000FF
    @param font_size: 验证码字体大小
    @param font_type: 验证码字体，默认为 ae_AlArabiya.ttf
    @param length: 验证码字符个数
    @param draw_lines: 是否划干扰线
    @param n_lines: 干扰线的条数范围，格式元组，默认为(1, 2)，只有draw_lines为True时有效
    @param draw_points: 是否画干扰点
    @param point_chance: 干扰点出现的概率，大小范围[0, 100]
    @return: [0]: PIL Image实例
    @return: [1]: 验证码图片中的字符串
    \'\'\'

    width, height = size # 宽， 高
    img = Image.new(mode, size, bg_color) # 创建图形
    draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img) # 创建画笔

    def get_chars():
        \'\'\'生成给定长度的字符串，返回列表格式\'\'\'
        return random.sample(chars, length)

    def create_lines():
        \'\'\'绘制干扰线\'\'\'
        line_num = random.randint(*n_line) # 干扰线条数

        for i in range(line_num):
            # 起始点
            begin = (random.randint(0, size[0]), random.randint(0, size[1]))
            #结束点
            end = (random.randint(0, size[0]), random.randint(0, size[1]))
            draw.line([begin, end], fill=(0, 0, 0))

    def create_points():
        \'\'\'绘制干扰点\'\'\'
        chance = min(100, max(0, int(point_chance))) # 大小限制在[0, 100]

        for w in range(width):
            for h in range(height):
                tmp = random.randint(0, 100)
                if tmp > 100 - chance:
                    draw.point((w, h), fill=(0, 0, 0))

    def create_strs():
        \'\'\'绘制验证码字符\'\'\'
        c_chars = get_chars()
        strs = \' %s \' % \' \'.join(c_chars) # 每个字符前后以空格隔开

        font = ImageFont.truetype(font_type, font_size)
        font_width, font_height = font.getsize(strs)

        draw.text(((width - font_width) / 3, (height - font_height) / 3),
                    strs, font=font, fill=fg_color)

        return \'\'.join(c_chars)

    if draw_lines:
        create_lines()
    if draw_points:
        create_points()
    strs = create_strs()

    # 图形扭曲参数
    params = [1 - float(random.randint(1, 2)) / 100,
              0,
              0,
              0,
              1 - float(random.randint(1, 10)) / 100,
              float(random.randint(1, 2)) / 500,
              0.001,
              float(random.randint(1, 2)) / 500
              ]
    img = img.transform(size, Image.PERSPECTIVE, params) # 创建扭曲

    img = img.filter(ImageFilter.EDGE_ENHANCE_MORE) # 滤镜，边界加强（阈值更大）

    return img, strs

View Code

文件连接 Monaco.ttf 字体文件

http://www.gringod.com/2006/02/24/return-of-monacottf/