Underscore.js基础入门
Posted kuillldan
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公司产品集成了对Underscore.js,所以需要对这个库有一定的了解。通过查阅资料,发现这个库主是对Array和JSON的处理支持。通过Underscore.js库,可以方便的对Array和JSON数据进行操作。下面是一些我学习中做测试写的示例,po在这里,供将来复习。
var $ = lib.c.$; var _ = lib.Underscore.require(); /* 这个函数演示了map的使用方法 map接受JSON和Array map函数第一个参数是一个Array/JSON(object)类型的数据,第二个参数是一个处理函数 返回值是一个数组 */ function mapDemo() { var personInfo = { name:"sheldon", age:28, gender:"male", cellNumber:"15527738495" }; var result = _.map(personInfo,function(value, key) { return value; }); print(result); print(result[2]); print("================="); var numberArray = [1,3,2,1,2,3]; result = _.map(numberArray,function(item) { return item * item; }); print(result); print(result[2]); } function everyAndSomeDemo() { var numberArray = [1,3,2,1,2,3]; var result = _.every(numberArray,function(item) { return item > 2; }); print("所有的元素都大于2: " + result); result = _.some(numberArray,function(item) { return item > 2; }); print("部分元素都大于2: " + result); var boxInfo = {height:true,width:false,length:true}; result = _.every(boxInfo,function(val,key) { return val == true; }); print("箱子的所有指标(长/宽/高)都正确: " + result); result = _.some(boxInfo,function(val,key) { return val == true; }); print("箱子的部分指标(长/宽/高)正确: " + result); } function maxDemo() { var numberArray = [1,3,2,1,2,3]; var maxNumber = _.max(numberArray); print("max number in array:" + maxNumber); //NOTE: the key should not be length. otherwise the result is infinity var numberObject = {"height":133,"width":146,"length":122}; maxNumber = _.max(numberObject); print("max number in JSON(object):" + maxNumber); var numberObject1 = {"height":133,"width":146,"length1":122}; maxNumber = _.max(numberObject1); print("max number in JSON(object):" + maxNumber); } function groupByDemo() { var scoresInArray = [20, 81, 75, 40, 91, 59, 77, 66, 72, 88, 99]; var result = _.groupBy(scoresInArray,function(item) { if(item < 60 ) return "不及格"; else if(item >= 60 && item < 80) return "合格"; else return "优秀"; }); for(var key in result) { print(key + ":" + result[key]); } var scoresInObject = { "小明":22, "小张":67, "小红":45, "小华":99, "小贾":85 }; //对object进行分组的时候,只对value进行分组 result = _.groupBy(scoresInObject,function(value) { if(value < 60 ) return "不及格"; else if(value >= 60 && value < 80) return "合格"; else return "优秀"; }); for(var key in result) { print(key + ":" + result[key]); } } //用洗牌算法随机打乱一个集合: function shuffleDemo() { // 注意每次结果都不一样: var result = _.shuffle([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]); // [3, 5, 4, 6, 2, 1] print(result); } //随机选择一个或多个元素: function sampleDemo() { // 注意每次结果都不一样: // 随机选1个: var result = _.sample([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]); // 2 print(result); // 随机选3个: result = _.sample([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6], 3); // [6, 1, 4] print(result); } //keys()可以非常方便地返回一个object自身所有的key,但不包含从原型链继承下来的: function keysDemo() { function Student(name,age) { this.name = name; this.age = age; } var xm = new Student("xiaoming",23); var keysXM = _.keys(xm);// [‘name‘, ‘age‘] for(var index in keysXM) { var key = keysXM[index]; print(key + ":" + xm[key]); } } //和keys()类似,values()返回object自身但不包含原型链继承的所有值: function valuesDemo() { function Student(name,age) { this.name = name; this.age = age; } var xm = new Student("xiaoming",23); var valuesXM = _.values(xm);// [‘小明‘, 20] for(var index in valuesXM) { print(valuesXM[index]); } } //invert()把object的每个key-value来个交换,key变成value,value变成key: function invertDemo() { function Scores(math,english,computer) { this.math = math; this.english = english; this.computer = computer; } var testResult = new Scores(66,75,94); var testResultInverted = _.invert(testResult); var keysOfTestResult = _.keys(testResult); var keysOfTestResultInverted = _.keys(testResultInverted); for(var index in keysOfTestResult) { var key = keysOfTestResult[index]; print(key + ":" + testResult[key]); } print("==============="); for(var index in keysOfTestResultInverted) { var key = keysOfTestResultInverted[index]; print(key + ":" + testResultInverted[key]); } } //如果我们要复制一个object对象,就可以用clone()方法,它会把原有对象的所有属性都复制到新的对象中: function cloneDemo() { var source = { name: ‘小明‘, age: 20, skills: [‘javascript‘, ‘CSS‘, ‘html‘] }; var copied = _.clone(source); print(copied == source); print(copied.name == source.name); print(copied.age == source.age); //注意,clone()是“浅复制”。所谓“浅复制”就是说,两个对象相同的key所引用的value其实是同一对象: print(copied.skills == source.skills); } //isEqual()对两个object进行深度比较,如果内容完全相同,则返回true //isEqual()对两个object进行深度比较,如果内容完全相同,则返回true function isEqualDemo() { var o1 = { name: ‘Bob‘, skills: { Java: 90, JavaScript: 99 }}; var o2 = { name: ‘Bob‘, skills: { JavaScript: 99, Java: 90 }}; print(o1 === o2); // false print(_.isEqual(o1, o2)); // true //isEqual()其实对Array也可以比较 o1 = [‘Bob‘, { skills: [‘Java‘, ‘JavaScript‘] }]; o2 = [‘Bob‘, { skills: [‘Java‘, ‘JavaScript‘] }]; print(o1 === o2); // false print(_.isEqual(o1, o2)); // true } function chainDemo() { var numberArray = [1,3,2,1,2,3,2,7,7,8,2]; var result = _.chain(numberArray).filter(function(item) { return item%2 == 0; }).map(function (item) { return item*2; }).value(); print(result); }
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