Lamp源码安装参考教程
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Lamp源码安装参考教程
1、确认搭建LAMP所需的环境是否已经安装:
[[email protected] ~]#rpm -q make gcc gcc-c++ zlib-devel libtool libtool-ltdl libtool-ltdl-devel bisonncurses-devel
备注:安装libpng时需要zlib-devel
安装php时需要libtool、libtool-ltdl、libtool-ltdl-devel
安装mysql时需要bison、ncurses-devel
2、如果没安装则yum安装:
[[email protected]~]#yum -y install make gcc gcc-c++ zlib-devel libtool libtool-ltdllibtool-ltdl-devel bison ncurses-devel
3、由于要使用编译安装,所以查看httpd、mysql、php是否安装:
[[email protected] ~]#rpm -q httpd mysql php
如果安装则卸载:
[[email protected] ~]#rpm -e httpd --nodeps
[[email protected] ~]#rpm -e mysql --nodeps
[[email protected] ~]#rpm -e php --nodeps
编译安装过程介绍:
1)解压tar.gz为后缀的压缩软件包:LAMP环境搭建所需要的每个软件的软代码文件,都是以tar.gz或.tgz提供给我们的打包压缩文件,所以我们必须将其解压再解包。命令如下:
tar–zxvf *.tar.gz
2)在linux系统中源代码包安装过程:LAMP环境搭建所需要的软件都是使用C语言开发的,所以安装源代码文件最少需要配置、编译和安装三个步骤
配置(configure)、编译(make)、安装(makeinstall)
4、编译安装libxml2
[[email protected]]# tar -zxvf libxml2-2.6.30.tar.gz
[[email protected]]# cd libxml2-2.6.30
[[email protected]]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libxml2
[[email protected]]# make
[[email protected]]# make install
5、编译安装libmcrypt
[[email protected]]# tar -zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz
[[email protected]]# cd libmcrypt-2.5.8
[[email protected]]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libmcrypt
[[email protected]]# make
[[email protected]]# make install
6、编译安装zlib
[[email protected]]# tar -zxvf zlib-1.2.3.tar.gz
[[email protected]]# cd zlib-1.2.3
[[email protected]]# CFLAGS="-O3 -fPIC" ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/zlib/
(用64位元的方法进行编译)
[[email protected]]# make
[[email protected]]# make install
7、编译安装libpng
[[email protected]]# tar -zxvf libpng-1.2.31.tar.gz
[[email protected]]# cd libpng-1.2.31
[[email protected]]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libpng \
>--enable-shared (建立共享库使用的GNU的libtool)
[[email protected]]# make
[[email protected]]# make install
8、编译安装jpeg
[[email protected]]# tar -zxvf jpegsrc.v6b.tar.gz
[[email protected]]# cd jpeg-6b
[[email protected]]# mkdir /usr/local/jpeg (创建jpeg软件的安装目录)
[[email protected]]# mkdir /usr/local/jpeg/bin (创建存放命令的目录)
[[email protected]]# mkdir /usr/local/jpeg/lib (创建jpeg库文件所在目录)
[[email protected]]# mkdir /usr/local/jpeg/include (创建存放头文件目录)
[[email protected]]# mkdir -p /usr/local/jpeg/man/man1 (建立存放手册的目录)
[[email protected]]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/jpeg \
>--enable-shared \ (建立共享库使用的GUN的libtool)
>--enable-static (建立静态库使用的GUN的libtool)
[[email protected]]# make
[[email protected]lhostjpeg-6b]# make install
执行make时如果出现如下错误:
./libtool --mode=compile gcc-O2 -I. -c ./jcapimin.c
make: ./libtool: Command notfound
make: *** [jcapimin.lo] Error 127
解决方法:
默认已安装libtool及libtool-ltdl-devel(如需帮助请看过程2)
[[email protected]]# find / -name config.sub
/usr/share/libtool/config/config.sub
[[email protected]]# find / -name config.guess
/usr/share/libtool/config/config.guess
[[email protected]]# cp -vRp /usr/share/libtool/config/config.sub .
[[email protected]]# cp -vRp /usr/share/libtool/config/config.guess .
也就是把libtool里面的两个配置文件拿来覆盖掉jpeg-6b目录下的对应文件
make clean 再重新configure
9、编译安装freetype
[[email protected]]# tar -zxvf freetype-2.3.5.tar.gz
[[email protected]]# cd freetype-2.3.5
[[email protected]]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/freetype \
>--enable-shared (建立共享库使用的GUN的libtool)
[[email protected]]# make
[[email protected]]# make install
10、编译安装autoconf
[[email protected]]# tar -zxvf autoconf-2.61.tar.gz
[[email protected]]# cd autoconf-2.61
[[email protected]]# ./configure
[[email protected]]# make
[[email protected]]# make install
11、编译安装GD
[[email protected]]# tar -zxvf gd-2.0.35.tar.gz
[[email protected]]# cd gd-2.0.35
[[email protected]]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/gd \
>--with-zlib=/usr/local/zlib/ \ (指定zlib库文件的位置)
>--with-jpeg=/usr/local/jpeg/ \ (指定jpeg库文件的位置)
>--with-png=/usr/local/libpng/ \ (指定png库文件的位置)
>--with-freetype=/usr/local/freetype/ (指定freetype字体库的位置)
[[email protected]]# make
[[email protected]]# make install
执行make时如果出现如下错误:
make[2]: *** [gd_png.lo] Error 1
make[2]: Leaving directory`/usr/src/linux/gd-2.0.35‘
make[1]: *** [all-recursive]Error 1
make[1]: Leaving directory`/usr/src/linux/gd-2.0.35‘
make: *** [all] Error 2
解决方法:
[[email protected]]# find / -name gd_png.c
/usr/src/linux/gd-2.0.35/gd_png.c
[[email protected]]# find / -name png.h
/usr/local/libpng/include/png.h
[[email protected]]# vi /usr/src/linux/gd-2.0.35/gd_png.c
将#include "png.h"
改为#include "/usr/local/libpng/include/png.h"
编译安装apr
[[email protected]]# tar -zxvf apr-1.4.6.tar.gz
[[email protected]]# cd apr-1.4.6
[[email protected] apr-1.4.6]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr
[[email protected] apr-1.4.6]# make
[[email protected] apr-1.4.6]# make install
编译安装apr-utill
[[email protected]]# tar -zxvf apr-utill-1.4.1.tar.gz
[[email protected]]# cd apr-utill-1.4.1
[[email protected] apr-utill-1.4.1]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-utill
[[email protected] apr-utill-1.4.1]# make
[[email protected] apr-utill-1.4.1]# make install
编译安装pcre
[[email protected]]# tar -zxvf pcre-8.12.tar.gz
[[email protected]]# cd pcre-8.12
[[email protected] pcre-8.12]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/pcre
[[email protected] pcre-8.12]# make
[[email protected] pcre-8.12]# make install
注意以上三个是apache的依赖包,如果不在apache前安装,在编译apache时会报错。
12、编译安装apache
[[email protected]]# tar -zxvf httpd-2.2.9.tar.gz
[[email protected]]# cd httpd-2.2.9
[[email protected]]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache \
--with-sysconfdir=/etc/httpd/ \ 指定apache配置文件的存放位置
--with-z=/usr/local/zlib/ \ 指定zlib库文件存放位置
--with-apr=/usr/local/apr/ \ 指定apr文件位置
--with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util/ \ 指定apr-util文件位置
--with-pcre=/usr/local/pcre/ \指定pcre文件位置
(apr,apr-util,pcre配置项也可简略写成--with-included-apr)
--enable-deflate=shared \ 缩小传输码的支持
--enable-expires=shared \ 期满头控制
--enable-static-support \ 建立一个静态链接版本的支持
> --enable-so \ (以动态共享对象编译)注意:这个必须配置,否则apache运行异常
>--enable-rewrite (基于规则的URL操控)
[[email protected]]# make
[[email protected]]# make install
将apache加入开机启动↓
[[email protected]]# cp -vRp /usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl /etc/init.d/httpd
[[email protected]]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/httpd
添加apache服务↓
[[email protected]]# chkconfig --add httpd
[[email protected]]# chkconfig --level 2345 httpd on
[[email protected]]# service httpd start
启动服务时,如果出现如下错误:
httpd: Could not reliablydetermine the server‘s fully qualified domain name, using localhost.localdomainfor ServerName
解决方法:
[[email protected]]# vi /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf
添加上:ServerName localhost:80
执行chkconfig时,如果出现如下错误:
service httpd does not supportchkconfig
解决方法:
[[email protected]]# vi /etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd
在文件第二行加入
#chkconfig:2345 10 90
#description:Activates/DeactivatesApache Web Server
保存后再执行chkconfig
13、编译安装mysql(最新版本都需要cmake编译安装)
编译安装 cmake
[[email protected]]# tar -zxvf cmake-2.8.7.tar.gz
[[email protected]]# cd cmake-2.8.7
[[email protected]]# ./bootstrap
[[email protected]]# gmake
[[email protected]]# gmake install
编译安装 MySQL5.5.20
[[email protected]]# groupadd mysql
[[email protected]]# useradd -g mysql mysql
[[email protected]]# tar -zxvf mysql-5.5.15.tar.gz
[[email protected]]# cd mysql-5.5.15
cmake-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \ (安装根目录)
> -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.sock \ (UNIX socket文件)
>-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \ (默认字符集)
>-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \ (默认编码)
>-DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=utf8,gbk \ (额外的编码)
>-DWITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \(启用PERFSCHEMA引擎支持)
>-DWITH_FEDERATED_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ (启用FEDERATED引擎支持)
> -DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1\ (启用PARTITION引擎支持)
>-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ (启用ARCHIVE引擎支持)
>-DWITH_READLINE=1 \(使用readline功能)
>-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data \ (数据库数据目录)
>-DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 (TCP/IP端口)
[[email protected]]# make
[[email protected]]# make install
[[email protected]]# cp -vRp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf
修改配置文件↓
[[email protected]]# vi /etc/my.cnf
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
log-error=/usr/local/mysql/data/error.log
pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.pid
初始化数据库文件↓
[[email protected]]# /usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db \
>--defaults-flie=/etc/my.cnf \
> --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/\
>--datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data \
>--pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.pid \
> --user=mysql
权限设置↓
[[email protected]]# chown -R root .
[[email protected]]# chown -R mysql data
[[email protected]]# chgrp -R mysql .
将mysql加入开机启动↓
[[email protected]]# cp -vRp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
[[email protected]]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld
添加mysql服务↓
[[email protected]]# chkconfig --add mysqld
[[email protected]]# chkconfig --level 345 mysqld on
[[email protected]]# service mysqld start
配置mysql↓
[[email protected]]# bin/mysql
mysql> deletefrom mysql.user where Host!=‘localhost‘; (只留允许本机登录的帐号)
mysql> flushprivileges; (刷新授权表)
mysql> setpassword for ‘root‘@‘localhost‘=password(‘123456‘); (设置用户密码)
mysql> exit
[[email protected]]# bin/mysql -h localhost -u root -p123456 (登录mysql)
编译安装mysql低于mysql5.5版本的方法.以下是mysql5.1.6编译安装的一个实例
[[email protected]]# tar -zxvf mysql-5.1.6.tar.gz
[[email protected]]# cd mysql-5.1.6
[[email protected] mysql-5.1.6]# groupadd mysql #添加一个mysql标准组
[[email protected] mysql-5.1.6]#useradd mysql mysql # 添加一个mysql用户并且加入到mysql组中
[[email protected] mysql-5.1.6]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql \
--with-extra-charsets=all #让mysql 支持所有字符集
[[email protected] mysql-5.1.6] # make
[[email protected] mysql-5.1.6] # make install
权限设置↓
[[email protected] mysql-5.1.6] # cd /usr/local/mysql
[[email protected]]# chown -R root . 注意:这一行root 后面的’.’一定要加上,表示当前目录的所有文件,否则会报错
[[email protected]]# chown -R mysql data #这个是数据库库文件存放目录
[[email protected]]# chgrp -R mysql . 注意:这一行mysql 后面的’.’一定要加上,表示当前目录的所有文件,否则会报错
[[email protected]]# netstat –tnl #查看3306端口是否开启
[[email protected]]# ./bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql & 启动mysql
[[email protected]]# ./bin/mysqladmin version 查看mysql的版本信息
[[email protected]]# ./bin/mysql 进入mysql
[[email protected]]# select * from mysql.user \G 查看mysql的用户
[[email protected]]# delete from mysql.user where host!=’localhost’; 把不是localhost用户删除以确保mysql的安全性。
[[email protected]]# flush privileges 刷新mysql用户表
[[email protected]]# set password for ‘root’@’localhost’=password(‘123456’); 设置mysql登录密码
[[email protected]]# exit; 退出再登录测试是否设置密码成功。
[[email protected]]# ./bin/mysqladmin –u root –p 123456 shutdown 关闭mysql
把mysql和apache的启动追加到开机文件中,避免每次登录进来都要启动mysql和apache
[[email protected]]# echo “/usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl start” >> /etc/rc.local
[[email protected]]# echo “/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &” >> /etc/rc.local
14、编译安装php
[[email protected]]# tar -zxvf php-5.3.19.tar.gz
[[email protected]]# cd php-5.3.19
[[email protected]]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php \
>--with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache/bin/apxs \
>--with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc/ \
>--with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql/ \
>--with-libxml-dir=/usr/local/libxml2/ \
>--with-png-dir=/usr/local/libpng/ \
>--with-jpeg-dir=/usr/local/jpeg/ \
>--with-freetype-dir=/usr/local/freetype/ \
> --with-gd=/usr/local/gd/\
>--with-mcrypt=/usr/local/libmcrypt/ \
>--with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config \
> --enable-soap\ (变量激活SOAP和web services支持)
>--enable-mbstring=all \ (使多字节字符串支持)
>--enable-sockets (变量激活socket通讯特性)
[[email protected]]# make
[[email protected]]# make install
[[email protected]]# cp -vRp php.ini-development /etc/php.ini
[[email protected]]# vi /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf
添加上:
AddType application/x-httpd-php .php
[[email protected]]# service httpd stop
[[email protected]]# service httpd start
[[email protected]]# vi /usr/local/apache/htdocs/phpinfo.php
整合lamp
[[email protected]]# cp php.ini-dist /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
注意:有些版本的源码包php下的配置可能是php.ini-development或者php.ini-product什么的,你可以根据实际复制一个到php的etc下就ok了。
[[email protected]] # vi /usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf
AddType-application/x-httpd-php .php 把这一行添加到apache的配置文件里,然后重启apache;
在/apache2/htdos下创建test.php
添加内容为:
<?php
phpinfo();
?>
另外提醒一点就是在apache的配置文件里找到<dir_module>
</dir_module>在里面添加index.php index.html 会默认读取项目根目录的这两个文件,这样可以避免没输入index.php或index.html时出现一个文件列表的情况。
打开浏览器进行访问,如果出现PHP版本界面,及安装成功。
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