python day6 面向对象

Posted 2020-08-05 一个人的北京

把一个类变成具体的实例化的过程叫做类

实例化：把一个类变成一个具体对象的过程

__init__  构造函数，在实例化时初始化数据

__init__方法的第一个参数永远是self，表示创建的实例本身，因此，在__init__方法内部，就可以把各种属性绑定到self，因为self就指向创建的实例本身。

class dog:

    def __init__(self):

        pass

    def res(self,name):
        print("%s miao xingren" % name)
    def bulk(self,age):
        print("%s miao xingren" %age)
a1=dog()
a1.bulk("dddd")
a1.res("dddd")

__del__方法是个析构函数，是用来将实例销毁的函数，做收尾工作，例如关闭数据库等

# #----先去实例里去找，如果没有 再去类里去找
# class Role(object):
#     n=123
#     name="alex"
#     n_list=[]
#     def __init__(self,  role, weapon, life_value=100, money=15000):
#         #self.name = name
#
#         self.role = role
#
#         self.weapon = weapon
#
#         self.__life_value = life_value
#
#         self.money = money
#
#     def shot(self):
#         print("shooting...")
#
#     def got_shot(self):
#         print (type(self.__life_value))
#         self.__life_value -=50
#         print("ah...,I got shot...%s"%self.__life_value)
#
#     def show_status(self):
#         return ("life_val:%s"%self.__life_value)
#
#     def buy_gun(self, gun_name):
#         print("%s has  just bought %s"%(self.name, gun_name) )
#     def __del__(self): #析构函数
#         pass
#        # print("%s 死了"%(self.name))
# r1 = Role(‘police‘, ‘AK47‘) #实例化
# r2 = Role( ‘terrorist‘, ‘B22‘)  #生成一个角色
# r1.buy_gun("AKR1")
# r1.got_shot()
# print(r1.show_status())

#del r1

 

#子类继承父类的功能
class people:
    def __init__(self,name,age):
        self._NAME=name
        self._AGE=age
    def cry(self):
        print ("%s man "%self._NAME)
    def sleep(self):
        print("%s is sleep"%self._NAME)
class man(people):
    def piao(self):
        print ("%s is piao..."%self._NAME)
        people.sleep(self)
        print("%s is sleep"%self._NAME)
class women(people):
    def shop(self):
        print("%s is shop..."%self._NAME)
M1=man("zhangsan",22)
M1.piao()
M1.sleep()
M2=women("lisi",11)
M2.shop()

# super用法
class people:
    def __init__(self,name,age):
        self._NAME=name
        self._AGE=age
    def cry(self):
        print ("%s man "%self._NAME)
    def sleep(self):
        print("%s is sleep"%self._NAME)
class man(people):
    def __init__(self,name,age,money):
        #people.__init__(self,name,age)
        super(man,self).__init__(name,age) ###一般都用这个
        self.MOENEY=money
        print("%s is money%s"%(self._NAME,self.MOENEY))
    def piao(self):
        print ("%s is piao..."%self._NAME)
        people.sleep(self)
        print("%s is sleep"%self._NAME)
class women(people):
    def shop(self):
        print("%s is shop..."%self._NAME)
M1=man("zhangsan",22,100)
M1.piao()
M1.sleep()
M2=women("lisi",11)
M2.shop()

多态：一种接口 多种形态，多态是接口重用

#-*- coding:utf8 -*-
class school(object):
    def __init__(self,name,adree):
        self._name=name
        self._addree=adree
        self.students=[]
        self.teachers=[]
        self.staffs=[]
    def enroll(self,stu_obj):
        print("为%s同学办理入学手续"%stu_obj._name)
        self.students.append(stu_obj)
    def hire(self,staff_obj):
        self.staffs.append(staff_obj)
        print("为%s  雇佣新员工" % staff_obj._name)
class school_member(object):
    def __init__(self,name,age,sex):
      self._name=name
      self._age=age
      self._sex=sex
    def tell(self):
        print(‘‘‘
            info of is %s
            name:%s
            age:%s
            sex:%s
            salary:%s
            course:%s
            ‘‘‘ % (self._name, self._age, self._sex, self._course, self._salary))
class teacher(school_member):
    def __init__(self,name,age,sex,salary,course):
        super(teacher,self).__init__(name,age,sex)
        self._salary=salary
        self._course=course

    def tell(self):
        print(‘‘‘
        -------info of is %s---------
        name:%s
        age:%s
        sex:%s
        salary:%s
        course:%s

        ‘‘‘%(self._name,self._name,self._age,self._sex,self._course,self._salary))
    def teach (self):
        print("%s is teaching course[%s]"%(self._name,self._course))

class student(school_member):
    def __init__(self,name,age,sex,stu_id,grade):
        super(student,self).__init__(name,age,sex)
        self._stu_id=stu_id
        self._grade=grade
    def tell(self):
        print(‘‘‘
            info of is %s
            name:%s
            age:%s
            sex:%s
            stu_id:%s
            grade:%s
            ‘‘‘ % (self._name,self._name, self._age, self._sex, self._stu_id, self._grade))
    def pay_tuition(self,amount):
        print("%s jiao le $%s"%(self._name,amount))
t1=teacher("tom",20,"MF",777,"LINUX")
t2=teacher("JONSON",20,"F",7707,"PYTHON")
s1=student("zhangsan",20,"M",1001,"LINUX")
s2=student("lisi",20,"M",1002,"python")
SCHOOL=school("老男孩It","沙河")

t2.tell() #显示教师信息
s1.tell() #显示学生信息
s2.pay_tuition(1000)#学生可以教学费
SCHOOL.enroll(s1)#学校为学生注册
SCHOOL.hire(t2)#学校雇佣老师
print(SCHOOL.students)
print(SCHOOL.staffs)
SCHOOL.staffs[0].teach() 
for stu in SCHOOL.students:
    stu.pay_tuition(5000)

class Animal:
    def __init__(self, name):  # Constructor of the class

        self.name = name

    def talk(self):
       pass
class Cat(Animal):
    def talk(self):
        print(‘Meow!‘)
class Dog(Animal):
    def talk(self):
        print(‘Woof! Woof!‘)
d1=Cat("zhangsan")
d1.talk()
d2=Dog("lisi")
d2.talk()

#另一种方法
class Animal:
    def __init__(self, name):  # Constructor of the class

        self.name = name

    def talk(self):  # Abstract method, defined by convention only

        #raise NotImplementedError("Subclass must implement abstract method")
       pass
    @staticmethod
    def animal_talk(obj):

        obj.talk()

class Cat(Animal):
    def talk(self):
        print(‘Meow!‘)
class Dog(Animal):
    def talk(self):
        print(‘Woof! Woof!‘)
d1=Cat("zhangsan")
d2=Dog("lisi")
Animal.animal_talk(d1)
Animal.animal_talk(d2)

继承的查找策略（广度优先--python3、深度优先python2）

#-*- coding:utf8 -*-
class A(object):
    def __init__(self):
        print("A")
class B (A):
    def __init__(self):
        print("B")
class C (A):
        pass
    # def __init__(self):
    #     print("C")
class D(B,C):
    pass
    # def __init__(self):
    #
    #     print("D")
obj=D()


#注意：
#python3中先D-B-C-A     
#python2中先D-B-A-C