文件上传之 commons-fileupload
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对commons fileupload上传组件的简单封装
在上一篇文章《利用Jakarta commons
fileupload组件实现多文件上传》中,我介绍了commons
fileupload组件的基本原理和实现方法。但是在实际操作中,我们需要分析每个FileItem,然后从该FileItem中读取该控件的name和value,显然这不符合我们的习惯。比如我们在页面上有个text文本框:
<input type="text" name="possess">
我们要取得possess传过来的value,一般我们是这么写的:
String possess = request.getParameter("possess")
但是在commons fileupload中我们却需要这么处理:
DiskFileItemFactory factory = new DiskFileItemFactory();
//Create a new file upload handler
ServletFileUpload upload = new ServletFileUpload(factory);
String possess = "";
try {
List items = upload.parseRequest(request);
Iterator iterator = items.iterator();
while(iterator.hasNext()){
FileItem item = (FileItem)iterator.next();
if(item.isFormField()){
String fieldName = item.getFieldName();
String value = item.getString();
if(fieldName.equals("possess")){
possess = value;
}
}
}
} catch (FileUploadException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
//Create a new file upload handler
ServletFileUpload upload = new ServletFileUpload(factory);
String possess = "";
try {
List items = upload.parseRequest(request);
Iterator iterator = items.iterator();
while(iterator.hasNext()){
FileItem item = (FileItem)iterator.next();
if(item.isFormField()){
String fieldName = item.getFieldName();
String value = item.getString();
if(fieldName.equals("possess")){
possess = value;
}
}
}
} catch (FileUploadException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
按照上面处理的话,很是不爽,因此我想包装一下,使得使用起来符合我们的习惯。
总体设计思想:
1.我们可以像以前那样,传入控件的name,就可以取得该控件的value,因此我想可以遍历所有FileItem,然后把他们存入一个Map中(key中存入fieldname,value中存入该控件的value),这样就可以达到以上目的了。
2.在该包装类中,我们还要可以设置一些值,从而我们可以更改commons fileupload中的一些配置。
2.在该包装类中,我们还要可以设置一些值,从而我们可以更改commons fileupload中的一些配置。
具体实现:
根据以上要求,我写出了一个MutiFileUpload类,代码如下,稍后再做详细解释。
以上代码很简单,看过commons FileUpload组件API的程序员,应该都能看明白。值得注意一下的是:编码问题(setHeaderEncoding),这个方法是从FileUploadBase类里继承的,根据其说明,当读取上传表单的各部分时会用到该encoding,如果没有指定encoding则使用系统缺省的encoding。建议在这里设置成utf-8,并把jsp的charset也设置成utf-8,否则可能会出现乱码。
测试demo
好了,下面我就写个简单的demo吧,说明一下MutiFileUpload的用法。
1.新建一个jsp页面,注意设置form表单的enctype,如下:
2.新建一个UploadServlet并继承自MutiFileUpload,如下:
3.然后在post方法中如下处理:
选择上传文件,然后我们就可以在/root/upload下看到我们上传的文件了。
好了,先写到这里吧,具体应用时,我们可能需要很多变通,比如集成到spring,hibernate中,关键是给出一个想法,我们可以对他进行包装变更,使其更适合我们的系统。
package chb.commons.fileupload.web;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileItem;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileUploadException;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.disk.DiskFileItemFactory;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.servlet.ServletFileUpload;
public class MutiFileUpload extends HttpServlet{
private static final long serialVersionUID = 670829239023754119L;
protected Map<String, String> parameters;//保存普通form表单域
protected Map<String, FileItem> files;//保存上传的文件
private int sizeThreshold = DiskFileItemFactory.DEFAULT_SIZE_THRESHOLD;
private long sizeMax = -1;
private String encoding = "utf-8";//字符编码,当读取上传表单的各部分时会用到该encoding
public String getEncoding() {
return encoding;
}
public void setEncoding(String encoding) {
this.encoding = encoding;
}
public long getSizeMax() {
return sizeMax;
}
public void setSizeMax(long sizeMax) {
this.sizeMax = sizeMax;
}
public int getSizeThreshold() {
return sizeThreshold;
}
public void setSizeThreshold(int sizeThreshold) {
this.sizeThreshold = sizeThreshold;
}
public void parse(HttpServletRequest request){
parameters = new HashMap<String, String>();
files = new HashMap<String, FileItem>();
//Create a factory for disk-based file items
DiskFileItemFactory factory = new DiskFileItemFactory();
//Set factory constraints
factory.setSizeThreshold(sizeThreshold);
//factory.setRepository(repository);
//Create a new file upload handler
ServletFileUpload upload = new ServletFileUpload(factory);
//Set overall request size constraint
upload.setSizeMax(sizeMax);
upload.setHeaderEncoding(encoding);
try { List items = upload.parseRequest(request); Iterator iterator = items.iterator(); while(iterator.hasNext()){ FileItem item = (FileItem)iterator.next(); if(item.isFormField()){ String fieldName = item.getFieldName(); String value = item.getString(); parameters.put(fieldName, value); }else{ String fieldName = item.getFieldName(); files.put(fieldName, item); } } } catch (FileUploadException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } public String getFileName(FileItem item){ String fileName = item.getName(); fileName = replace(fileName,"\\","/"); fileName = fileName.substring(fileName.lastIndexOf("/")+1); return fileName; } public static String replace(String source, String oldString, String newString) { StringBuffer output = new StringBuffer(); int lengthOfSource = source.length(); int lengthOfOld = oldString.length(); int posStart = 0; int pos; while ((pos = source.indexOf(oldString, posStart)) >= 0) { output.append(source.substring(posStart, pos)); output.append(newString); posStart = pos + lengthOfOld; } if (posStart < lengthOfSource) { output.append(source.substring(posStart)); } return output.toString(); } }
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileItem;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileUploadException;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.disk.DiskFileItemFactory;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.servlet.ServletFileUpload;
public class MutiFileUpload extends HttpServlet{
private static final long serialVersionUID = 670829239023754119L;
protected Map<String, String> parameters;//保存普通form表单域
protected Map<String, FileItem> files;//保存上传的文件
private int sizeThreshold = DiskFileItemFactory.DEFAULT_SIZE_THRESHOLD;
private long sizeMax = -1;
private String encoding = "utf-8";//字符编码,当读取上传表单的各部分时会用到该encoding
public String getEncoding() {
return encoding;
}
public void setEncoding(String encoding) {
this.encoding = encoding;
}
public long getSizeMax() {
return sizeMax;
}
public void setSizeMax(long sizeMax) {
this.sizeMax = sizeMax;
}
public int getSizeThreshold() {
return sizeThreshold;
}
public void setSizeThreshold(int sizeThreshold) {
this.sizeThreshold = sizeThreshold;
}
public void parse(HttpServletRequest request){
parameters = new HashMap<String, String>();
files = new HashMap<String, FileItem>();
//Create a factory for disk-based file items
DiskFileItemFactory factory = new DiskFileItemFactory();
//Set factory constraints
factory.setSizeThreshold(sizeThreshold);
//factory.setRepository(repository);
//Create a new file upload handler
ServletFileUpload upload = new ServletFileUpload(factory);
//Set overall request size constraint
upload.setSizeMax(sizeMax);
upload.setHeaderEncoding(encoding);
try { List items = upload.parseRequest(request); Iterator iterator = items.iterator(); while(iterator.hasNext()){ FileItem item = (FileItem)iterator.next(); if(item.isFormField()){ String fieldName = item.getFieldName(); String value = item.getString(); parameters.put(fieldName, value); }else{ String fieldName = item.getFieldName(); files.put(fieldName, item); } } } catch (FileUploadException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } public String getFileName(FileItem item){ String fileName = item.getName(); fileName = replace(fileName,"\\","/"); fileName = fileName.substring(fileName.lastIndexOf("/")+1); return fileName; } public static String replace(String source, String oldString, String newString) { StringBuffer output = new StringBuffer(); int lengthOfSource = source.length(); int lengthOfOld = oldString.length(); int posStart = 0; int pos; while ((pos = source.indexOf(oldString, posStart)) >= 0) { output.append(source.substring(posStart, pos)); output.append(newString); posStart = pos + lengthOfOld; } if (posStart < lengthOfSource) { output.append(source.substring(posStart)); } return output.toString(); } }
以上代码很简单,看过commons FileUpload组件API的程序员,应该都能看明白。值得注意一下的是:编码问题(setHeaderEncoding),这个方法是从FileUploadBase类里继承的,根据其说明,当读取上传表单的各部分时会用到该encoding,如果没有指定encoding则使用系统缺省的encoding。建议在这里设置成utf-8,并把jsp的charset也设置成utf-8,否则可能会出现乱码。
测试demo
好了,下面我就写个简单的demo吧,说明一下MutiFileUpload的用法。
1.新建一个jsp页面,注意设置form表单的enctype,如下:
<form id="form1" method="post" action="../servlet/UploadServlet" enctype="multipart/form-data">
<tr>
<td width="25%" align="right">上传图片:</td>
<td>
<input id="file1" type="file" NAME="file1" style="width:300px;">
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="25%" align="right">上传音频:</td>
<td>
<input id="file2" type="file" NAME="file2" style="width:300px;">
</td>
</tr>
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td height="60" colspan="2">
<input type="submit" id="BtnOK" value="确认上传">
<button onclick="javascript:window.opener == null;window.close();">取消上传</button> </td>
</tr>
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td height="60" colspan="2">
<input type="text" name="possess" value="private">
</td>
</tr>
</form>
<tr>
<td width="25%" align="right">上传图片:</td>
<td>
<input id="file1" type="file" NAME="file1" style="width:300px;">
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="25%" align="right">上传音频:</td>
<td>
<input id="file2" type="file" NAME="file2" style="width:300px;">
</td>
</tr>
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td height="60" colspan="2">
<input type="submit" id="BtnOK" value="确认上传">
<button onclick="javascript:window.opener == null;window.close();">取消上传</button> </td>
</tr>
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td height="60" colspan="2">
<input type="text" name="possess" value="private">
</td>
</tr>
</form>
public class UploadServlet extends MutiFileUpload {
}
}
3.然后在post方法中如下处理:
public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
parse(request);
System.out.println(parameters.get("possess"));
Iterator iterator = files.values().iterator();
while(iterator.hasNext()){
FileItem item = (FileItem) iterator.next();
String fileName = getFileName(item);
File file = new File("/root/upload/",fileName);
try {
item.write(file);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
throws ServletException, IOException {
parse(request);
System.out.println(parameters.get("possess"));
Iterator iterator = files.values().iterator();
while(iterator.hasNext()){
FileItem item = (FileItem) iterator.next();
String fileName = getFileName(item);
File file = new File("/root/upload/",fileName);
try {
item.write(file);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
好了,先写到这里吧,具体应用时,我们可能需要很多变通,比如集成到spring,hibernate中,关键是给出一个想法,我们可以对他进行包装变更,使其更适合我们的系统。
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