SSH2框架搭建 和 配置文件详解
Posted 长江后浪
tags:
篇首语:本文由小常识网(cha138.com)小编为大家整理,主要介绍了SSH2框架搭建 和 配置文件详解相关的知识,希望对你有一定的参考价值。
-----------补充说明-----------
文章中所列出的struts2的2.2jar包已经不是最新的了,这个版本有严重漏洞,
现在最新版本为2.3.15,所以。你懂的 http://struts.apache.org/download.cgi#struts23151
感谢网友提醒,现在不做ssh2的开发了,所以也忘了更新这篇文章,误导大家了,抱歉!
SSH框架,当今最为流行的项目开发框架组合,那么掌握他的第一步是学习如何配置环境,java Web开发的无论哪种框架都离不开各种xml配置,虽然说配置在网上到处都有,但是要成为合格的程序猿,必须要明白配置中每一部分的意义,分析它的规律,因此这一步至关重要。
SSH分为SSH1和SSH2,区别主要在于Struts的版本,即Struts1和Struts2,Struts1与Struts2在配置上有所差别,
这回主要为大家介绍的是基于Struts2的SSH2框架搭建。
我们在搭建框架之前,首先一定要注意各个框架的版本,不同的版本集成方式和所需的jar包是有区别的。
SSH2框架的版本为:struts-2.2.3 + spring-2.5.6 + hibernate-3.6.8
1. 所需jar包:猛击下载免费jar包资源
struts2:
struts2-core-2.2.3.jar
struts2-spring-plugin-2.2.3.jar
xwork-core-2.2.3.jar
commons-io-2.0.1.jar
commons-lang-2.5.jar
commons-fileupload-1.2.2.jar
freemarker-2.3.16.jar
ognl-3.0.1.jar
javassist-3.12.0.GA.jar(hibernate同样需要)
spring:
spring.jar
commons-logging-1.1.1.jar
common-annotations.jar
aspectjrt.jar
aspectjweaver.jar
cglib-nodep-2.1_3.jar
(如果用BasicDataSource来配置数据库连接,还要加入以下2个包)
commons-dbcp.jar
commons-pool.jar
hibernate:
hibernate3.jar
hibernate-jpa-2.0-api-1.0.1.Final.jar
antlr-2.7.6.jar
commons-collections-3.1.jar
dom4j-1.6.1.jar
javassist-3.12.0.GA.jar
jta-1.1.jar
slf4j-api-1.6.1.jar
slf4j-nop-1.6.4.jar(这个jar包要去slf4j官网下载slf4j-1.6.4集成包)
jdbc:
ojdbc14.jar(oracle)
2. web.xml配置
- <span style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255)"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">
- <display-name>testSSH</display-name>
- <welcome-file-list>
- <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
- </welcome-file-list>
- <!-- 配置资源 -->
- <context-param>
- <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
- <param-value>classpath:config/applicationContext.xml</param-value>
- </context-param>
- <!-- 配置自定义filter,并由spring管理 -->
- <!--
- <filter>
- <filter-name>myFilter</filter-name>
- <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy</filter-class>
- <init-param>
- <param-name>targetFilterLifecycle</param-name>
- <param-value>true</param-value>
- </init-param>
- <init-param>
- <param-name>encoding</param-name>
- <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
- </init-param>
- </filter>
- <filter-mapping>
- <filter-name>myFilter</filter-name>
- <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
- </filter-mapping>
- -->
- <!-- 配置CharacterEncoding,设置字符集 -->
- <filter>
- <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
- <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
- <init-param>
- <param-name>encoding</param-name>
- <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
- </init-param>
- <init-param>
- <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
- <param-value>true</param-value>
- </init-param>
- </filter>
- <filter-mapping>
- <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
- <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
- </filter-mapping>
- <!-- 将HibernateSession开关控制配置在Filter,保证一个请求一个session,并对lazy提供支持 -->
- <filter>
- <filter-name>hibernateFilter</filter-name>
- <filter-class>org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-class>
- <init-param>
- <param-name>singleSession</param-name>
- <param-value>true</param-value>
- </init-param>
- </filter>
- <filter-mapping>
- <filter-name>hibernateFilter</filter-name>
- <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
- </filter-mapping>
- <!-- 配置struts2 -->
- <filter>
- <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
- <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
- <init-param>
- <param-name>config</param-name>
- <param-value>struts-default.xml,struts-plugin.xml,/config/struts.xml</param-value>
- </init-param>
- </filter>
- <filter-mapping>
- <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
- <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
- </filter-mapping>
- <!-- 配置spring -->
- <listener>
- <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
- </listener>
- <!-- 页面session配置 -->
- <session-config>
- <session-timeout>20</session-timeout>
- </session-config>
- <!-- 错误页面 -->
- <error-page>
- <error-code>404</error-code>
- <location>/error404.html</location>
- </error-page>
- </web-app></span>
注意:
① 配置自定义filter即DelegatingFilterProxy时,参数targetFilterLifecycle设为true是将filter放入web容器中成为真正意义上的filter。否则只是个代理filter,不具有filter的生命周期,因此无法执行filter的init、destroy方法。因为统一交由spring管理,所以在spring资源配置文件(如applicationContext.xml)中必须相应的并且名称为myFilter的bean。
② OpenSessionInViewFilter要将参数singleSession设置为true,否则意义不大。
③ 配置struts2建议采用StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter。struts.xml默认放在src根目录下,若想放置到其他地方还要将struts-default.xml和struts-plugin.xml一同配置下,否则在于其他框架结合时(如spring)就会报错。配置struts2的filter标签要放到所有filter标签的最下面,否则会有问题。
3. struts.xml配置
- <span style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255)"><!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
- "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"
- "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd">
- <struts>
- <!-- 将Action的创建交给spring来管理 -->
- <constant name="struts.objectFactory" value="spring" />
- <!-- 更改struts2请求Action的后缀名,默认为action。若想去掉后缀,设为","即可 -->
- <constant name="struts.action.extension" value="do"></constant>
- <package name="struts" namespace="/" extends="struts-default">
- <!-- 配置拦截器 -->
- <interceptors>
- <interceptor name="myInterceptor" class="myInterceptor"></interceptor>
- <interceptor-stack name="myDefult">
- <interceptor-ref name="myInterceptor"></interceptor-ref>
- <interceptor-ref name="defaultStack"></interceptor-ref>
- </interceptor-stack>
- </interceptors>
- <action name="myLogin" class="loginAction">
- <result name="success">/success.jsp</result>
- <result name="error" type="redirect">/index.jsp</result>
- </action>
- <action name="testSession" class="sessionAction">
- <interceptor-ref name="myDefult"></interceptor-ref>
- <result name="success">/success.jsp</result>
- <result name="error" type="redirect">/login.jsp</result>
- </action>
- </package>
- </struts></span>
注意:
① 执行完自定义拦截器后,还要执行struts2默认的拦截器defaultStack,否则可能会出错。
② action标签的class属性,与spring结合后要写成spring中bean的名称name。
4. applicationContext.xml
- <span style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255)"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
- xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
- xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
- xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
- xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
- xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">
- <!-- 启用spring注解支持 -->
- <context:annotation-config/>
- <!-- 第一种方法配置sessionFactory -->
- <bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
- <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:config/hibernate.cfg.xml"></property>
- </bean>
- <!-- 第二种方法配置sessionFactory
- <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close">
- <property name="driverClassName" value="oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver"/>
- <property name="url" value="jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:wang"/>
- <property name="username" value="wang"/>
- <property name="password" value="wang"/>
- </bean>
- <bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
- <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
- <property name="hibernateProperties">
- <props>
- <prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.Oracle10gDialect</prop>
- <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
- </props>
- </property>
- <property name="mappingLocations">
- <list>
- <value>classpath:test/entity/User.hbm.xml</value>
- </list>
- </property>
- </bean>
- -->
- <!-- 第一种方法配置事务 -->
- <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
- <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"/>
- </bean>
- <tx:advice id="txadvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
- <tx:attributes>
- <tx:method name="add*" propagation="REQUIRED" rollback-for="Exception"/>
- <tx:method name="del*" propagation="REQUIRED" no-rollback-for="MyException"/>
- <tx:method name="update*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
- <tx:method name="*" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="true"/>
- </tx:attributes>
- </tx:advice>
- <aop:config>
- <aop:pointcut id="daoMethods" expression="execution(* test.dao.*.*(..))"/>
- <aop:advisor advice-ref="txadvice" pointcut-ref="daoMethods"/>
- </aop:config>
- <!-- 第二种方法配置事务
- <bean id="transactionProxy" class= "org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean" abstract="true">
- 必须为true时CGLIB才不用强制编写DAO接口
- <property name="proxyTargetClass" value="true" />
- <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />
- <property name="transactionAttributes">
- <props>
- <prop key="add*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED, -Exception</prop>
- <prop key="del*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED, +MyException</prop>
- <prop key="update">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>
- <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED, readOnly</prop>
- </props>
- </property>
- </bean>
- <bean id="userService" parent="transactionProxy">
- <property name="target" ref="iUserService"></property>
- </bean>
- <bean id="iUserService" class="test.service.UserServiceImpl"></bean>
- -->
- <bean id="userService" class="test.service.UserServiceImpl"></bean>
- <bean id="userDao" class="test.dao.UserDaoImpl">
- <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
- </bean>
- <!-- spring管理的自定义filter -->
- <bean id="myFilter" class="test.service.MyFilter"></bean>
- <!-- spring管理struts2的Action -->
- <bean id="loginAction" class="test.action.LoginAction" scope="prototype"></bean>
- <bean id="sessionAction" class="test.action.SessionAction" scope="prototype"></bean>
- <bean id="myInterceptor" class="test.service.MyInterceptor" scope="prototype"></bean>
- </beans></span>
注意:
① 配置事务时,如果事务是与含有sessionFactory的DAO层关联的话,要将<aop:config>标签的proxy-target-class属性设为true(第二种方法是proxyTargetClass属性),否则就会报错
② 采用Resource或Autowired注解时,bean中无需配置property属性标签。
③ 采用第二种方法配置sessionFactory时,还需要另外引入两个包(详见上述“所需jar”部分)。
5. filter与拦截器
● MyFilter.java
- <span style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255)">package test.service;
- import java.io.IOException;
- import javax.servlet.Filter;
- import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
- import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;
- import javax.servlet.ServletException;
- import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
- import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
- public class MyFilter implements Filter {
- private String encoding;
- @Override
- public void destroy() {
- }
- @Override
- public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
- request.setCharacterEncoding(encoding);
- response.setCharacterEncoding(encoding);
- chain.doFilter(request, response);
- }
- @Override
- public void init(FilterConfig config) throws ServletException {
- System.out.println("========" + config.getInitParameter("encoding") + "========");
- encoding = config.getInitParameter("encoding");
- }
- }</span>
● MyInterceptor.java
- <span style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255)">package test.service;
- import java.util.Map;
- import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionInvocation;
- import com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.Interceptor;
- @SuppressWarnings("serial")
- public class MyInterceptor implements Interceptor{
- @Override
- public void destroy() {
- }
- @Override
- public void init() {
- }
- @Override
- public String intercept(ActionInvocation invocation) throws Exception {
- Map sessionMap = invocation.getInvocationContext().getSession();
- String username = (String)sessionMap.get("username");
- if (username != null) {
- return invocation.invoke();
- }
- return "error";
- }
- }</span>
filter与拦截器(interceptor)的区别:
二者不论从结构还是功能都非常相似,但是二者是有区别的,:
① filter是基于servlet容器的,而interceptor仅限于struts2,因此filter的作用域要远大于interceptor。
② filter中doFilter方法是基于回调函数,而interceptor中intercept方法则是基于java反射。
③ filter的功能要远大于interceptor,filter除了过滤请求外通过通配符可以保护页面,图片,文件,还可以进行加密、安全过滤、权限管理等等,而Interceptor基本只能过滤请求。
④ filter拦截请求的粒度较粗,interceptor拦截请求的粒度较细。
6. action层
● LoginAction.java
- <span style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255)">package test.action;
- import javax.annotation.Resource;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
- import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext;
- import test.entity.User;
- import test.service.IUserService;
- import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
- @SuppressWarnings("serial")
- public class LoginAction extends ActionSupport {
- @Resource
- private IUserService userService;
- private String username;
- private String password;
- public String getUsername() {
- return username;
- }
- public void setUsername(String username) {
- this.username = username;
- }
- public String getPassword() {
- return password;
- }
- public void setPassword(String password) {
- this.password = password;
- }
- @Override
- public String execute() throws Exception {
- User user = new User();
- user.setUsername(username);
- user.setPassword(password);
- try {
- userService.addUser(user);
- HttpServletRequest request = ServletActionContext.getRequest();
- request.getSession().setAttribute("username", username);
- return "success";
- } catch (Exception e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- return "error";
- }
- }</span>
7. service层
● UserServiceImpl.java
- <span style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255)">package test.service;
- import java.util.List;
- import javax.annotation.Resource;
- import test.dao.IUserDao;
- import test.entity.User;
- public class UserServiceImpl implements IUserService{
- @Resource
- private IUserDao userDao;
- @Override
- public void addUser(User user) throws Exception {
- userDao.addUser(user);
- if (!"admin".equals(user.getUsername()) || !"admin".equals(user.getPassword())) {
- throw new Exception();
- }
- }
- @Override
- public boolean updateUser(User user) {
- return false;
- }
- @Override
- public boolean delUser(String username) {
- return false;
- }
- @Override
- public List<User> findAllUser() {
- return null;
- }
- }</span>
接口因为很简单,就不展示了,这里我将filter和拦截器也放到了service层,仅是个示例而已,filter或interceptor最好单独放在一层。
8. dao层
● UserDaoImpl.java
- <span style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255)">package test.dao;
- import java.util.Date;
- import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport;
- import test.entity.User;
- public class UserDaoImpl extends HibernateDaoSupport implements IUserDao{
- @Override
- public void addUser(User user){
- user.setName("wang");
- user.setCreateTime(new Date());
- user.setModifyTime(new Date());
- this.getHibernateTemplate().save(user);
- }
- }</span>
9. entity层
- <span style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255)">package test.entity;
- import java.util.Date;
- public class User {
- private String username;
- private String password;
- private String name;
- private String email;
- private String tell;
- private Date createTime;
- private Date modifyTime;
- public String getUsername() {
- return username;
- }
- public void setUsername(String username) {
- this.username = username;
- }
- public String getPassword() {
- return password;
- }
- public void setPassword(String password) {
- this.password = password;
- }
- public String getName() {
- return name;
- }
- public void setName(String name) {
- this.name = name;
- }
- public String getEmail() {
- return email;
- }
- public void setEmail(String email) {
- this.email = email;
- }
- public String getTell() {
- return tell;
- }
- public void setTell(String tell) {
- this.tell = tell;
- }
- public Date getCreateTime() {
- return createTime;
- }
- public void setCreateTime(Date createTime) {
- this.createTime = createTime;
- }
- public Date getModifyTime() {
- return modifyTime;
- }
- public void setModifyTime(Date modifyTime) {
- this.modifyTime = modifyTime;
- }
- }</span>
以上是关于SSH2框架搭建 和 配置文件详解的主要内容,如果未能解决你的问题,请参考以下文章
SSH2框架中 applicationContext.xml怎么配置?
Hibernate入门核心配置文件和orm元数据配置文件详解