docker学习 docker-compose使用示例

Posted 2020-06-13

上一回学习了如何利用docker搭建一个mysql + java service + nginx，总共4个docker容器，如果采用docker run的方式一个一个容器去创建十分麻烦。为了能更高效的批量创建容器，docker推出了docker-compose工具，只需要定义一个docker-compose.yml文件即可快速搞定一组容器的创建，仍然以上一回的例子演示：

mysql:
  image: daocloud.io/yjmyzz/mysql-osx:latest
  volumes:
      - ./mysql/db:/var/lib/mysql
  ports:
      - 3306:3306
  environment:
      - MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456

service1:
  image: java:latest
  volumes:
      - ./java:/opt/app
  expose:
      - 8080
  #ports:
  #    - 9081:8080
  links:
      - mysql:default
  command: java -jar /opt/app/spring-boot-rest-framework-1.0.0.jar

service2:
  image: java:latest
  volumes:
      - ./java:/opt/app
  expose:
      - 8080
  #ports:
  #    - 9082:8080
  links:
      - mysql:default
  command: java -jar /opt/app/spring-boot-rest-framework-1.0.0.jar

nginx1:
   image: nginx:latest
   volumes:
      - ./nginx/html:/usr/share/nginx/html:ro
      - ./nginx/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf:ro
      - ./nginx/conf.d:/etc/nginx/conf.d:ro
   #expose:
   #   - 80
   ports:
      - "80:80"
   links:
      - service1:service1
      - service2:service2

内容不复杂，具体的关键字说明见本文最后的参考文章链接。

 

问题：这个文件放在哪里？

参见下面的目录结构：

mysql-java-nginx
├── docker-compose.yml
├── java
│   └── spring-boot-rest-framework-1.0.0.jar
├── mysql
│   └── db
└── nginx
    ├── conf
    ├── conf.d
    │   └── default.conf
    ├── html
    │   └── index.html
    └── nginx.conf

 

创建容器：

cd mysql-java-nginx
docker-compose up

就是这么简单，一个up就搞定了所有容器的创建，up通常用于首次创建，可以观察终端实时输出的日志内容判断容器是否启动正常，如果没什么问题，直接Ctrl+C退出，然后

docker-compose start

以后台方式启动容器。　　

 

其它命令还有：

Commands:
  build              Build or rebuild services
  help               Get help on a command
  kill               Kill containers
  logs               View output from containers
  pause              Pause services
  port               Print the public port for a port binding
  ps                 List containers
  pull               Pulls service images
  restart            Restart services
  rm                 Remove stopped containers
  run                Run a one-off command
  scale              Set number of containers for a service
  start              Start services
  stop               Stop services
  unpause            Unpause services
  up                 Create and start containers
  migrate-to-labels  Recreate containers to add labels
  version            Show the Docker-Compose version information

基本上看名字就知道意思了。　　

　　

参考文章：

https://docs.docker.com/compose/compose-file/