hash模块 hashlib 和hmac

Posted 2020-08-03

hashlib模块 

1. 用于加密相关的操作，代替md5模块和sha模块，主要提供SHA１，SHA224,SSHA256,SHA384,SHA512,MD5算法  
2. 直接看代码案例： 

---------md5----------- 

hash = hashlib.md5()  
hash.update(bytes(\'admin\',encoding=\'utf-8\'))  

hash.update(bytes(\'123\',encoding=\'utf-8\'))

print(hash.hexdigest()) 

print(hash.digest())

----------sha1--------- 

hash = hashlib.sha1()  
hash.update(bytes(\'admin\',encoding=\'utf-8\'))  
print(hash.hexdigest())  

----------sha256------- 

hash = hashlib.sha256()  
hash.update(bytes(\'admin\',encoding=\'utf-8\'))  
print(hash.hexdigest())

---------sha384-------- 

hash = hashlib.sha384()  
hash.update(bytes("admin",encoding=\'utf-8\'))  
print(hash.hexdigest())  

------------sha512-------- 

hash = hashlib.sha512()  
hash.update(bytes(\'admin\',encoding=\'utf-8\'))  
print(hash.hexdigest())  

 注意  

以上加密算法虽然非常厉害，但有时存在缺陷，即：通过撞库可以反解。  

所以，有必要对加密算法中添加自定义key再来加密 

hash = hashlib.md5(bytes(\'790dfhdfe3\',encoding=\'utf-8\'))  
hash.update(bytes(\'admin\',encoding=\'utf-8\'))  
print(hash.hexdigest())  
-------------------------------  
python 内置还有一个hmac模块，它内部对我们创建key和内容进行进一步的处理然后再加密  
import hmac  
h = hmac.new(bytes(\'dfew3\',encoding="utf-8"))  
h.update(bytes(\'admin\',encoding="utf-8"))  
print(h.hexdigest())  
  

 计算得到文件md5值

def MD5(file):
    import hashlib
    md5_value = hashlib.md5()
    with open(file, \'rb\') as file:
        while True:
            data = file.read(2048)
            if not data:
                break
            md5_value.update(data)
    return md5_value.hexdigest()



ret = MD5(r"C:\\Users\\Administrator\\Desktop\\aaaa\\cgss2008append.dta")
print(ret)

 

Base64加密解密方法

base64代码博文链接：http://www.cnblogs.com/txw1958/archive/2012/07/19/python3-base64.html

import base64

copyright = \'Copyright (c) 2012 Doucube Inc. All rights reserved.\'

def main():
    #转成bytes string
    bytesString = copyright.encode(encoding="utf-8")
    print(bytesString)

    #base64 编码
    encodestr = base64.b64encode(bytesString)
    print(encodestr)
    print(encodestr.decode())

    #解码
    decodestr = base64.b64decode(encodestr)
    print(decodestr.decode())


if __name__ == \'__main__\':
    main()