java导入导出excel (仅作为个人学习使用)

Posted 2020-11-25 L12345

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原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/phil_jing/article/details/78307819

maven 依赖

<dependency>  
    <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>  
    <artifactId>commons-collections4</artifactId>  
    <version>4.1</version>  
</dependency>
 
<dependency>
    <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
    <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
    <version>2.4</version>
</dependency>
 
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.xmlbeans</groupId>
    <artifactId>xmlbeans</artifactId>
    <version>2.6.0</version>
</dependency>
 
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
    <artifactId>poi</artifactId>
    <version>3.17</version>
</dependency>
 
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
    <artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId>
    <version>3.17</version>
</dependency>
 
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
    <artifactId>poi-ooxml-schemas</artifactId>
    <version>3.17</version>
</dependency>

一、导入

模板示例

新建模板Bean

import lombok.Data;
 
@Data
public class RefPartExcel {
 
    private String partNo;
 
    private String partName;
 
    private String refPartNo;
    
    private String refPartName;;
 
    private String length;
    
    private String width;
}

Lombok 注解在线帮助文档：http://projectlombok.org/features/index
介绍几个常用的 lombok 注解：
@Data ：注解在类上；提供类所有属性的 get 和 set 方法，此外还提供了equals、canEqual、hashCode、toString 方法
@Setter：注解在属性上；为属性提供 sett方法
@Getter：注解在属性上；为属性提供 get 方法
@Log4j ：注解在类上；为类提供一个属性名为log 的 log4j 日志对象
@NoArgsConstructor：注解在类上；为类提供一个无参的构造方法
@AllArgsConstructor：注解在类上；为类提供一个全参的构造方法
加一个注解，让属性对应列名

import java.lang.annotation.Documented;
import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;
 
@Target({ElementType.FIELD})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
public @interface ExcelColumn{
    
    public String value() default "";
}

这样Bean改写成

import com.phil.annotation.ExcelColumn;
 
import lombok.Data;
 
@Data
public class RefPartExcel {
 
    @ExcelColumn("原零件号")
    private String partNo;
 
    @ExcelColumn("原零件名称")
    private String partName;
 
    @ExcelColumn("参考零件号")
    private String refPartNo;
    
    @ExcelColumn("参考零件名称")
    private String refPartName;;
 
    @ExcelColumn("长")
    private String length;
    
    @ExcelColumn("宽")
    private String width;
}

上传我是采用的MultipartFile，可以读取.xlsx或者.xls格式的Excel(POI3.15以上版本可以兼容，不用再分别读取了)

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.text.DecimalFormat;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.LinkedList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Objects;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;
 
import org.apache.commons.io.IOUtils;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.time.FastDateFormat;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Cell;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.DateUtil;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Row;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Sheet;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Workbook;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.WorkbookFactory;
import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;
 
import com.phil.excel.annotation.ExcelColumn;
 
/**
 * 功能说明：Excel 导入/导出
 * 典型用法：无
 * 特殊用法：无
 * 创建者：phil
 * 创建时间： 2017年11月9日
 * 修改人：phil
 * 修改时间：
 * 修改原因： 
 * 修改内容：
 * 版本号：1.0
 */
public class ExcelUtil {
    
    private static final DecimalFormat DECIMAL_FORMAT = new DecimalFormat("0");// 格式化 number为整
    
    private static final DecimalFormat DECIMAL_FORMAT_PERCENT = new DecimalFormat("##.00%");//格式化分比格式，后面不足2位的用0补齐
    
//    private static final DecimalFormat df_per_ = new DecimalFormat("0.00%");//格式化分比格式，后面不足2位的用0补齐,比如0.00,%0.01%
    
//    private static final SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy/MM/dd"); // 格式化日期字符串
    
    private static final FastDateFormat FAST_DATE_FORMAT = FastDateFormat.getInstance("yyyy/MM/dd");
    
    private static final DecimalFormat DECIMAL_FORMAT_NUMBER  = new DecimalFormat("0.00E000"); //格式化科学计数器
 
    private static final Pattern POINTS_PATTERN = Pattern.compile("0.0+_*[^/s]+"); //小数匹配
    
    /**
     * 对外提供读取excel 的方法
     * @param file
     * @return
     * @throws IOException
     */
    public static List<List<Object>> readExcel(MultipartFile file) throws IOException {
        String extension = file.getOriginalFilename().substring(file.getOriginalFilename().lastIndexOf(".") + 1).toLowerCase();
        if(Objects.equals("xls", extension) || Objects.equals("xlsx", extension)) {
            return readExcel(file.getInputStream());
        } else {
            throw new IOException("不支持的文件类型");
        }
    }
    
    /**
     * 对外提供读取excel 的方法
     * @param file
     * @param cls
     * @return
     * @throws IOException
     */
    public static <T> List<T> readExcel(MultipartFile file, Class<T> cls) throws IOException {
        String extension = file.getOriginalFilename().substring(file.getOriginalFilename().lastIndexOf(".") + 1).toLowerCase();
        if(Objects.equals("xls", extension) || Objects.equals("xlsx", extension)) {
            return readExcel(file.getInputStream(), cls);
        } else {
            throw new IOException("不支持的文件类型");
        }
    }
 
    /**
     * 读取 office excel
     * 
     * @param stream
     * @return
     * @throws IOException
     */
    private static List<List<Object>> readExcel(InputStream inputStream) throws IOException {
        List<List<Object>> list = new LinkedList<>();
        Workbook workbook = null;
        try {
            workbook = WorkbookFactory.create(inputStream);
            int sheetsNumber = workbook.getNumberOfSheets();
            for (int n = 0; n < sheetsNumber; n++) {
                Sheet sheet = workbook.getSheetAt(n);
                Object value = null;
                Row row = null;
                Cell cell = null;
                for (int i = sheet.getFirstRowNum() + 1; i <= sheet.getPhysicalNumberOfRows(); i++) { // 从第二行开始读取
                    row = sheet.getRow(i);
                    if (StringUtils.isEmpty(row)) {
                        continue;
                    }
                    List<Object> linked = new LinkedList<>();
                    for (int j = row.getFirstCellNum(); j <= row.getLastCellNum(); j++) {
                        cell = row.getCell(j);
                        if (StringUtils.isEmpty(cell)) {
                            continue;
                        }
                        value = getCellValue(cell);
                        linked.add(value);
                    }
                    list.add(linked);
                }
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            IOUtils.closeQuietly(workbook);
            IOUtils.closeQuietly(inputStream);
        }
        return list;
    }
 
    /**
     * 获取excel数据 将之转换成bean
     * 
     * @param path
     * @param cls
     * @param <T>
     * @return
     */
    private static <T> List<T> readExcel(InputStream inputStream, Class<T> cls) {
        List<T> dataList = new LinkedList<T>();
        Workbook workbook = null;
        try {
            workbook = WorkbookFactory.create(inputStream);
            Map<String, List<Field>> classMap = new HashMap<String, List<Field>>();
            Field[] fields = cls.getDeclaredFields();
            for (Field field : fields) {
                ExcelColumn annotation = field.getAnnotation(ExcelColumn.class);
                if (annotation != null) {
                    String value = annotation.value();
                    if (!classMap.containsKey(value)) {
                        classMap.put(value, new ArrayList<Field>());
                    }
                    field.setAccessible(true);
                    classMap.get(value).add(field);
                }
            }
            Map<Integer, List<Field>> reflectionMap = new HashMap<Integer, List<Field>>();
            int sheetsNumber = workbook.getNumberOfSheets();
            for (int n = 0; n < sheetsNumber; n++) {
                Sheet sheet = workbook.getSheetAt(n);
                for (int j = sheet.getRow(0).getFirstCellNum(); j < sheet.getRow(0).getLastCellNum(); j++) { //首行提取注解
                    Object cellValue = getCellValue(sheet.getRow(0).getCell(j)); 
                    if (classMap.containsKey(cellValue)) {
                        reflectionMap.put(j, classMap.get(cellValue));
                    }
                }
                Row row = null;
                Cell cell = null;
                for (int i = sheet.getFirstRowNum() + 1; i < sheet.getPhysicalNumberOfRows(); i++) {
                    row = sheet.getRow(i);
                    T t = cls.newInstance();
                    for (int j = row.getFirstCellNum(); j < row.getLastCellNum(); j++) {
                        cell = row.getCell(j);
                        if (reflectionMap.containsKey(j)) {                        
                            Object cellValue = getCellValue(cell);
                            List<Field> fieldList = reflectionMap.get(j);
                            for (Field field : fieldList) {
                                try {
                                    field.set(t, cellValue);
                                } catch (Exception e) {
                                    //logger.error()
                                }
                            }
                        }
                    }
                    dataList.add(t);
                }
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            dataList = null;
        } finally {
            IOUtils.closeQuietly(workbook);
            IOUtils.closeQuietly(inputStream);
        }
        return dataList;
    }
 
    /**
     * 获取excel 单元格数据
     * 
     * @param cell
     * @return
     */
    private static Object getCellValue(Cell cell) {
        Object value = null;
        switch (cell.getCellTypeEnum()) {
        case _NONE:
            break;
        case STRING:
            value = cell.getStringCellValue();
            break;
        case NUMERIC:
            if(DateUtil.isCellDateFormatted(cell)){ //日期
                value = FAST_DATE_FORMAT.format(DateUtil.getJavaDate(cell.getNumericCellValue()));//统一转成 yyyy/MM/dd
            } else if("@".equals(cell.getCellStyle().getDataFormatString())
                    || "General".equals(cell.getCellStyle().getDataFormatString()) 
                    || "0_ ".equals(cell.getCellStyle().getDataFormatString())){
                //文本  or 常规 or 整型数值
                value = DECIMAL_FORMAT.format(cell.getNumericCellValue());
            } else if(POINTS_PATTERN.matcher(cell.getCellStyle().getDataFormatString()).matches()){ //正则匹配小数类型    
                value = cell.getNumericCellValue();  //直接显示
            } else if("0.00E+00".equals(cell.getCellStyle().getDataFormatString())){//科学计数
                value = cell.getNumericCellValue();    //待完善             
                value = DECIMAL_FORMAT_NUMBER.format(value);
            } else if("0.00%".equals(cell.getCellStyle().getDataFormatString())){//百分比                        
                value = cell.getNumericCellValue(); //待完善
                value = DECIMAL_FORMAT_PERCENT.format(value);
            } else if("# ?/?".equals(cell.getCellStyle().getDataFormatString())){//分数
                value = cell.getNumericCellValue(); ////待完善
            } else { //货币        
                value = cell.getNumericCellValue();
                value = DecimalFormat.getCurrencyInstance().format(value);
            }
            break;
        case BOOLEAN:
            value = cell.getBooleanCellValue();
            break;
        case BLANK:
            //value = ",";
            break;
        default:
            value = cell.toString();
        }
        return value;
    }
}

控制层调用

@RequestMapping(value = "/fileUpload",method = RequestMethod.POST,
    consumes = "application/json",produces = "application/json")
    public Map<String, Object> fileUpload(HttpServletRequest request,@RequestParam("file") MultipartFile file) {
        Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        // 判断文件是否为空
        if (!StringUtils.isEmpty(file)) {
            try {
                List<RefPartExcel> excelBeans = ExcelUtil .readExcel(request,RefPartExcel.class);
                System.out.println(excelBeans.size());
                for(RefPartExcel ep : excelBeans){
                    System.out.println(ep.toString());
                }
                //........逻辑
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        return map;
    }

二、导出excel

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.regex.Matcher;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;
 
import org.apache.commons.io.IOUtils;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.time.FastDateFormat;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFClientAnchor;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFRichTextString;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.BorderStyle;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Cell;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.CellStyle;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.ClientAnchor;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.ClientAnchor.AnchorType;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Comment;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Drawing;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.FillPatternType;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Font;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.HorizontalAlignment;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.IndexedColors;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.RichTextString;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Row;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Sheet;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.VerticalAlignment;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Workbook;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.streaming.SXSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFClientAnchor;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFRichTextString;
import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;
 
/**
 * 功能说明：导出模板(待重构)
 * 典型用法：无 
 * 特殊用法：无 
 * 创建者：phil
 * 创建时间： 2017年10月13日 
 * 修改人：phil 
 * 修改时间：2017年10月18日
 * 修改原因： 升级poi3.17 重写 修改内容： 版本号：2.0
 */
public class ExportExcel<T> {
 
    /**
     * 
     * @param sheetTitle
     *            sheet名称
     * @param headers
     *            列表标题
     * @param dataset
     *            内容
     * @param out
     */
    // public void exportExcel(String sheetTitle, String[] headers, String[]
    // columns, Collection<T> dataset,
    // OutputStream out, String datePattern) {
    // exportExcelByColumn(sheetTitle, headers, columns, dataset, out, datePattern);
    // }
 
    /**
     * 导出 xls格式Excel HSSF
     * @param title excel表底部标签名
     * @param headers 列名
     * @param columns 列名对应字段
     * @param dataset 导出数据
     * @param out
     * @param pattern
     */
    public void exportHSExcelByColumn(String title, String[] headers, String[] columns, Collection<T> dataset,
            OutputStream out, String pattern) {
        Workbook workbook = new SXSSFWorkbook();
        // 生成一个表格
        Sheet sheet = workbook.createSheet(title);
        // 设置表格默认列宽度为20个字节
        sheet.setDefaultColumnWidth(20);
        sheet.setDefaultRowHeightInPoints(24);
        // 生成一个 表格标题行样式
        CellStyle style = workbook.createCellStyle();
        // 设置这些样式
        style.setFillForegroundColor(IndexedColors.GREY_25_PERCENT.getIndex());
        style.setFillPattern(FillPatternType.SOLID_FOREGROUND);
        style.setBorderBottom(BorderStyle.THIN);
        style.setBorderLeft(BorderStyle.THIN);
        style.setBorderRight(BorderStyle.THIN);
        style.setBorderTop(BorderStyle.THIN);
        style.setAlignment(HorizontalAlignment.CENTER);
        // 生成一个字体
        Font font = workbook.createFont();
        font.setColor(IndexedColors.WHITE.getIndex());
        font.setFontHeightInPoints((short) 12);
        font.setBold(true);
        // font.setBoldweight((short)700));
        // 把字体应用到当前的样式
        style.setFont(font);
 
        // 生成并设置另一个样式 内容的背景
        CellStyle style2 = workbook.createCellStyle();
        style2.setFillForegroundColor(IndexedColors.WHITE.getIndex());
        style2.setFillPattern(FillPatternType.SOLID_FOREGROUND);
        style2.setBorderBottom(BorderStyle.THIN);
        style2.setBorderLeft(BorderStyle.THIN);
        style2.setBorderRight(BorderStyle.THIN);
        style2.setBorderTop(BorderStyle.THIN);
        style2.setAlignment(HorizontalAlignment.CENTER);
        style2.setVerticalAlignment(VerticalAlignment.CENTER);
        // 生成另一个字体
        Font font2 = workbook.createFont();
        font.setBold(true);
        // font2.setBoldweight(HSSFFont.BOLDWEIGHT_NORMAL);
        // 把字体应用到当前的样式
        style2.setFont(font2);
 
        // 声明一个画图的顶级管理器
        Drawing<?> patriarch = sheet.createDrawingPatriarch();
        // 定义注释的大小和位置
         Comment comment = patriarch.createCellComment(new HSSFClientAnchor(0, 0, 0,
         0, (short)4, 2, (short)6, 5));
        // 设置注释内容
         comment.setString(new HSSFRichTextString("Created By Phil"));
        // 设置注释作者，当鼠标移动到单元格上是可以在状态栏中看到该内容.
         comment.setAuthor("phil");
 
        // 产生表格标题行
        Row row = sheet.createRow(0);
        for (int i = 0; i < headers.length; i++) {
            Cell cell = row.createCell(i);
            cell.setCellStyle(style);
            RichTextString text = new HSSFRichTextString(headers[i]);
            cell.setCellValue(text);
        }
        
        if(StringUtils.isEmpty(pattern)) {
            pattern = "yyyy/MM/dd";
        }
        FastDateFormat instance = FastDateFormat.getInstance(pattern);
        // 遍历集合数据，产生数据行
        Iterator<T> it = dataset.iterator();
        int index = 0;
        int count = 0;
        while (it.hasNext()) {
            index++;
            row = sheet.createRow(index);
            T t = (T) it.next();
            // 利用反射，根据javabean属性的先后顺序，动态调用getXxx()方法得到属性值
            // Field[] fields = t.getClass().getDeclaredFields();
            count = headers.length < columns.length ? headers.length : columns.length;
            for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
                Cell cell = row.createCell(i);
                cell.setCellStyle(style2);
                String fieldName = columns[i];
                String getMethodName = "get" + fieldName.substring(0, 1).toUpperCase() + fieldName.substring(1);
                try {
                    Class<? extends Object> tCls = t.getClass();
                    Method getMethod = tCls.getMethod(getMethodName, new Class[] {});
                    Object value = getMethod.invoke(t, new Object[] {});
                    // 判断值的类型后进行强制类型转换
                    String textValue = null;
                    if (value instanceof Date) {
                        Date date = (Date) value;
                        textValue = instance.format(date);
                    } else if (value instanceof byte[]) {
                        // 有图片时，设置行高为60px;
                        row.setHeightInPoints(60);
                        // 设置图片所在列宽度为80px,注意这里单位的一个换算
                        sheet.setColumnWidth(i, (short) (35.7 * 80));
                        // sheet.autoSizeColumn(i);
                        byte[] bsValue = (byte[]) value;
                        ClientAnchor anchor = new HSSFClientAnchor(0, 0, 1023, 255, (short) 6, index, (short) 6, index);
                        anchor.setAnchorType(AnchorType.MOVE_DONT_RESIZE);
                        patriarch.createPicture(anchor, workbook.addPicture(bsValue, SXSSFWorkbook.PICTURE_TYPE_JPEG));
                    } else {
                        // 其它数据类型都当作字符串简单处理
//                        if (value != null) {
//                            textValue = value.toString();
//                            if (textValue.equalsIgnoreCase("VLD")) {
//                                textValue = "有效";
//                            } else if (textValue.equalsIgnoreCase("IVD")) {
//                                textValue = "无效";
//                            }
//                        } else {
//                            textValue = "";
//                        }
                    }
                    // 如果不是图片数据，就利用正则表达式判断textValue是否全部由数字组成
                    if (textValue != null) {
                        Pattern p = Pattern.compile("^//d+(//.//d+)?$");
                        Matcher matcher = p.matcher(textValue);
                        if (matcher.matches()) {
                            // 是数字当作double处理
                            cell.setCellValue(Double.parseDouble(textValue));
                        } else {
                            RichTextString richString = new HSSFRichTextString(textValue);
                            Font font3 = workbook.createFont();
                            font3.setColor(IndexedColors.BLACK.index); // 内容
                            richString.applyFont(font3);
                            cell.setCellValue(richString);
                        }
                    }
                } catch (SecurityException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                } catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                } 
            }
        }
        try {
            workbook.write(out);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            IOUtils.closeQuietly(workbook);
            IOUtils.closeQuietly(out);
        }
    }
 
    /**
     * 导出 xlsx格式Excel XSSF
     * @param title
     * @param headers
     * @param columns
     * @param dataset
     * @param out
     * @param pattern
     */
    public void exportXSExcelByColumn(String title, String[] headers, String[] columns,
            Collection<Map<String, Object>> dataset, OutputStream out, String pattern) {
        Workbook workbook = new SXSSFWorkbook();
        // 生成一个表格
        Sheet sheet = workbook.createSheet(title);
        // 设置表格默认列宽度为20个字节
        sheet.setDefaultColumnWidth(20);
        sheet.setDefaultRowHeightInPoints(24);
        // 生成一个 表格标题行样式
        CellStyle style = workbook.createCellStyle();
        // 设置这些样式
        style.setFillForegroundColor(IndexedColors.GREY_25_PERCENT.getIndex());
        style.setFillPattern(FillPatternType.SOLID_FOREGROUND);
        style.setBorderBottom(BorderStyle.THIN);
        style.setBorderLeft(BorderStyle.THIN);
        style.setBorderRight(BorderStyle.THIN);
        style.setBorderTop(BorderStyle.THIN);
        style.setAlignment(HorizontalAlignment.CENTER);
        // 生成一个字体
        Font font = workbook.createFont();
        font.setColor(IndexedColors.WHITE.getIndex());
        font.setFontHeightInPoints((short) 12);
        font.setBold(true);
        // font.setBoldweight((short)700));
        // 把字体应用到当前的样式
        style.setFont(font);
 
        // 生成并设置另一个样式 内容的背景
        CellStyle style2 = workbook.createCellStyle();
        style2.setFillForegroundColor(IndexedColors.WHITE.getIndex());
        style2.setFillPattern(FillPatternType.SOLID_FOREGROUND);
        style2.setBorderBottom(BorderStyle.THIN);
        style2.setBorderLeft(BorderStyle.THIN);
        style2.setBorderRight(BorderStyle.THIN);
        style2.setBorderTop(BorderStyle.THIN);
        style2.setAlignment(HorizontalAlignment.CENTER);
        style2.setVerticalAlignment(VerticalAlignment.CENTER);
        // 生成另一个字体
        Font font2 = workbook.createFont();
        font.setBold(true);
        // font2.setBoldweight(HSSFFont.BOLDWEIGHT_NORMAL);
        // 把字体应用到当前的样式
        style2.setFont(font2);
 
        // 声明一个画图的顶级管理器
        Drawing<?> patriarch = sheet.createDrawingPatriarch();
        // 定义注释的大小和位置
         Comment comment = patriarch.createCellComment(new XSSFClient以上是关于java导入导出excel (仅作为个人学习使用)的主要内容，如果未能解决你的问题，请参考以下文章 
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