setV：一个管理 Python 虚拟环境的 Bash 函数

Posted 2021-03-13 a5651651616

 

了解一下 setV，它是一个轻量级的 Python 虚拟环境管理器，是 virtualenvwrapper 的替代产品。-- Sachin Patil（作者）

 

这一年多来，我的 bash_scripts 项目中悄悄隐藏这 setV ，但现在是时候该公开了。setV 是一个 Bash 函数，我可以用它代替 virtualenvwrapper 。它提供了使你能够执行以下操作的基本功能：

• 默认使用 Python 3
• 创建一个新的虚拟环境
• 使用带有 -p（或 --python）的自定义 Python 路径来创建新的虚拟环境
• 删除现有的虚拟环境
• 列出所有现有的虚拟环境
• 使用制表符补全（以防你忘记虚拟环境名称）

安装

要安装 setV，请下载该脚本：

curl https://gitlab.com/psachin/setV/raw/master/install.sh

审核一下脚本，然后运行它：

sh ./install.sh

当安装 setV 时，安装脚本会要求你引入（source）一下 ~/.bashrc 或 ~/.bash_profile 的配置，根据你的喜好选择一个。

用法

基本的命令格式是 setv。

创建虚拟环境

setv --new rango # setv -n rango# 或使用定制的 Python 路径setv --new --python /opt/python/python3 rango # setv -n -p /opt/python/python3 rango

激活已有的虚拟环境

setv VIRTUAL_ENVIRONMENT_NAME

# 示例setv rango

列出所有的虚拟环境

setv --list# 或setv [TAB] [TAB]

删除虚拟环境

setv --delete rango

切换到另外一个虚拟环境

# 假设你现在在 ‘rango‘，切换到 ‘tango‘setv tango

制表符补完

如果你不完全记得虚拟环境的名称，则 Bash 式的制表符补全也可以适用于虚拟环境名称。

参与其中

setV 在 GNU GPLv3 下开源，欢迎贡献。要了解更多信息，请访问它的 GitLab 存储库中的 setV 的 README 的贡献部分。

setV 脚本

#!/usr/bin/env bash# setV - A Lightweight Python virtual environment manager.# Author: Sachin (psachin) <[e-mail]># Author‘s URL: https://psachin.gitlab.io/about## License: GNU GPL v3, See LICENSE file## Configure(Optional):# Set `SETV_VIRTUAL_DIR_PATH` value to your virtual environments# directory-path. By default it is set to ‘~/virtualenvs/‘## Usage:# Manual install: Added below line to your .bashrc or any local rc script():# ---# source /path/to/virtual.sh# ---## Now you can ‘activate‘ the virtual environment by typing# $ setv <YOUR VIRTUAL ENVIRONMENT NAME>## For example:# $ setv rango## or type:# setv [TAB] [TAB](to list all virtual envs)## To list all your virtual environments:# $ setv --list## To create new virtual environment:# $ setv --new new_virtualenv_name## To delete existing virtual environment:# $ setv --delete existing_virtualenv_name## To deactivate, type:# $ deactivate# Path to virtual environment directorySETV_VIRTUAL_DIR_PATH="$HOME/virtualenvs/"# Default python version to use. This decides whether to use `virtualenv` or `python3 -m venv`SETV_PYTHON_VERSION=3# Defaults to Python3SETV_PY_PATH=$(which python${SETV_PYTHON_VERSION})function _setvcomplete_(){# Bash-autocompletion.# This ensures Tab-auto-completions work for virtual environment names.local cmd="${1##*/}" # to handle command(s). # Not necessary as such. ‘setv‘ is the only commandlocal word=${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]} # Words thats being completedlocal xpat=‘${word}‘ # Filter pattern. Include # only words in variable ‘$names‘local names=$(ls -l "${SETV_VIRTUAL_DIR_PATH}" | egrep ‘^d‘ | awk -F " " ‘{print $NF}‘) # Virtual environment namesCOMPREPLY=($(compgen -W "$names" -X "$xpat" -- "$word")) # compgen generates the results}function _setv_help_() {# Echo help/usage messageecho "Usage: setv [OPTIONS] [NAME]"echo Positional argument:echo -e "NAME Activate virtual env."echo Optional arguments:echo -e "-l, --list List all Virtual Envs."echo -e "-n, --new NAME Create a new Python Virtual Env."echo -e "-d, --delete NAMEDelete existing Python Virtual Env."echo -e "-p, --python PATHPython binary path."}function _setv_custom_python_path(){if [ -f "${1}" ];thenif [ "`expr $1 : ‘.*python([2,3])‘`" = "3" ];thenSETV_PYTHON_VERSION=3elseSETV_PYTHON_VERSION=2fiSETV_PY_PATH=${1}_setv_create $2elseecho "Error: Path ${1} does not exist!"fi}function _setv_create(){# Creates new virtual environment if ran with -n|--new flagif [ -z ${1} ];thenecho "You need to pass virtual environment name"_setv_help_elseecho "Creating new virtual environment with the name: $1"if [ ${SETV_PYTHON_VERSION} -eq 3 ];then${SETV_PY_PATH} -m venv ${SETV_VIRTUAL_DIR_PATH}${1}elsevirtualenv -p ${SETV_PY_PATH} ${SETV_VIRTUAL_DIR_PATH}${1}fiecho "You can now activate the Python virtual environment by typing: setv ${1}"fi}function _setv_delete(){# Deletes virtual environment if ran with -d|--delete flag# TODO: Refactorif [ -z ${1} ];thenecho "You need to pass virtual environment name"_setv_help_elseif [ -d ${SETV_VIRTUAL_DIR_PATH}${1} ];thenread -p "Really delete this virtual environment(Y/N)? " yes_nocase $yes_no inY|y) rm -rvf ${SETV_VIRTUAL_DIR_PATH}${1};;N|n) echo "Leaving the virtual environment as it is.";;*) echo "You need to enter either Y/y or N/n"esacelseecho "Error: No virtual environment found by the name: ${1}"fifi}function _setv_list(){# Lists all virtual environments if ran with -l|--list flagecho -e "List of virtual environments you have under ${SETV_VIRTUAL_DIR_PATH}:
"for virt in $(ls -l "${SETV_VIRTUAL_DIR_PATH}" | egrep ‘^d‘ | awk -F " " ‘{print $NF}‘)doecho ${virt}done}function setv() {# Main functionif [ $# -eq 0 ];then_setv_help_elif [ $# -le 3 ];thencase "${1}" in-n|--new) _setv_create ${2};;-d|--delete) _setv_delete ${2};;-l|--list) _setv_list;;*) if [ -d ${SETV_VIRTUAL_DIR_PATH}${1} ]; then # Activate the virtual environment source ${SETV_VIRTUAL_DIR_PATH}${1}/bin/activate else # Else throw an error message echo "Sorry, you don‘t have any virtual environment with the name: ${1}" _setv_help_ fi ;;esacelif [ $# -le 5 ];thencase "${2}" in-p|--python) _setv_custom_python_path ${3} ${4};;*) _setv_help_;;esacfi}# Calls bash-complete. The compgen command accepts most of the same# options that complete does but it generates results rather than just# storing the rules for future use.complete-F _setvcomplete_ setv

 

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