用Tkinter实现一个串口调试助手
Posted cbdeng
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2020年元旦，武汉出现了不明原因肺炎，搞得人心惶惶，只好宅在家里。闲着也是闲着，于是把很久之前用python写的一个串口调试助手再修改一下。
简单说明一下：
- 以前是准备在debian系统里调试单片机用的，基于python 2.6，GUI是用自带Tkinter做的，不用安装第三方库。
- 修改了之后，可以跨linux、windows平台（我没有MacOS系统，只能放弃），python 2.6/2.7/3.7都简单测试了一下，暂时只能说都可以用。
- 只实现了基本功能，没有自动发送、发送文件、保存等功能，这些以后有时间再增加。
- 需要第三方pyserial库，请“pip install pyserial”自行安装。
先上一个截图
下面是代码，供大家参考（我比较懒，没添加注释）。
serialassistant.py：
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- import sys import serial import serial.tools.list_ports import threading import signal import binascii import strings_zh as strings if sys.version_info.major == 2: import Tkinter as tk import tkMessageBox as msgbox elif sys.version_info.major == 3: import tkinter as tk from tkinter import messagebox as msgbox WINDOWSIZE = ‘710x510+50+50‘ # Common baudrate BAUDRATES = (1200, 2400, 4800, 9600, 14400, 19200, 38400, 57600, 115200) BYTESIZES = (5, 6, 7, 8) PARITIES = {‘None‘: ‘N‘, ‘Even‘: ‘E‘, ‘Odd‘: ‘O‘, ‘Mark‘: ‘M‘, ‘Space‘: ‘S‘} STOPBITS = (1, 1.5, 2) BYTETYPES = (‘1 Byte‘, ‘2 Bytes‘, ‘4 Bytes‘) TIMEOUT = 0.015 font = ("宋体", 10, "normal") font_text = ("Courier", 9, "normal") def format_data(data): li = data.split(‘ ‘) result = [] k = 0 for each in li: if len(each) <= 2: result.append(each) if len(each) > 2: while k < len(each): result.append(each[k: k + 2]) k = k + 2 k = 0 for i in range(len(result)): if len(result[i]) == 1: result[i] = ‘0‘ + result[i] return result def getAvailabelSerialPort(): available_ports = [] coms = serial.tools.list_ports.comports() if coms is not None: for com in coms: if sys.platform == ‘win32‘: available_ports.append(com.device) elif sys.platform == ‘linux2‘: if com[2] != ‘n/a‘: available_ports.append(com[0]) return tuple(available_ports) if sys.platform == ‘win32‘: PORTS = sorted(getAvailabelSerialPort(), key=lambda n: int(n[3:])) else: PORTS = getAvailabelSerialPort() class SerialAssistantGUI(object): def __init__(self): self.root = tk.Tk() self.root.title(‘%s v%s by %s‘ % (strings.APP_NAME, strings.APP_VER, strings.AUTHOR)) self.root.geometry(WINDOWSIZE) self.root.resizable(width=False, height=False) self.__recv_area() self.__send_area() self.__cmd_area() self.__opt_area() self.root.mainloop() def __recv_area(self): recv_lframe = tk.LabelFrame(self.root, text=strings.recv_buf_text, height=250) recv_lframe.pack(fill=tk.X, padx=5) recv_optframe = tk.Frame(recv_lframe) recv_txtframe = tk.Frame(recv_lframe) recv_optframe.pack(fill=tk.Y, side=tk.LEFT, padx=5, pady=5) recv_txtframe.pack(fill=tk.Y, side=tk.RIGHT, padx=5, pady=5) self.recv_mode = tk.IntVar() self.recv_mode.set(0) recv_radbtn1 = tk.Radiobutton(recv_optframe, text=strings.text_mode_text, font=font, variable=self.recv_mode, value=0) recv_radbtn2 = tk.Radiobutton(recv_optframe, text=strings.hex_mode_text, font=font, variable=self.recv_mode, value=1) recv_clrbtn = tk.Button(recv_optframe, width=15, text=strings.clear_recv_text, font=font, command=self.clear_received) recv_radbtn1.pack(anchor=tk.W) recv_radbtn2.pack(anchor=tk.W) recv_clrbtn.pack(fill=tk.X) self.recv_txtarea = tk.Text(recv_txtframe, height=15, width=74, font=font_text) self.recv_txtarea.pack(side=tk.LEFT, fill=tk.X) recv_scrbar = tk.Scrollbar(recv_txtframe) recv_scrbar.pack(side=tk.RIGHT, fill=tk.Y) self.recv_txtarea[‘yscrollcommand‘] = recv_scrbar.set recv_scrbar[‘command‘] = self.recv_txtarea.yview def __send_area(self): send_lframe = tk.LabelFrame(self.root, text=strings.send_buf_text, height=100) send_lframe.pack(fill=tk.X, padx=5) send_optframe = tk.Frame(send_lframe) send_txtframe = tk.Frame(send_lframe) send_optframe.pack(fill=tk.Y, side=tk.LEFT, padx=5, pady=5) send_txtframe.pack(fill=tk.Y, side=tk.RIGHT, padx=5, pady=5) self.send_mode = tk.IntVar() self.send_mode.set(0) send_radbtn1 = tk.Radiobutton(send_optframe, text=strings.text_mode_text, font=font, variable=self.send_mode, value=0) send_radbtn2 = tk.Radiobutton(send_optframe, text=strings.hex_mode_text, font=font, variable=self.send_mode, value=1) self.linebreak = tk.IntVar() if sys.platform == ‘win32‘: self.linebreak.set(1) elif sys.platform == ‘linux2‘: self.linebreak.set(0) send_chkbtn = tk.Checkbutton(send_optframe, text=strings.line_break_text, font=font, variable=self.linebreak) send_clrbtn = tk.Button(send_optframe, text=strings.clear_send_text, font=font, width=15, command=self.clear_sent) send_radbtn1.pack(anchor=tk.W) send_radbtn2.pack(anchor=tk.W) send_chkbtn.pack(anchor=tk.W) send_clrbtn.pack(fill=tk.X) self.send_txtarea = tk.Text(send_txtframe, height=7, width=74, font=font_text) self.send_txtarea.pack(side=tk.LEFT, fill=tk.X) send_scrbar = tk.Scrollbar(send_txtframe) send_scrbar.pack(side=tk.RIGHT, fill=tk.Y) self.send_txtarea[‘yscrollcommand‘] = send_scrbar.set send_scrbar[‘command‘] = self.send_txtarea.yview def __cmd_area(self): cmd_frame = tk.Frame(self.root) cmd_frame.pack(fill=tk.X, padx=5, pady=5) cmd_btn = tk.Button(cmd_frame, text=strings.send_btn_text, font=font, command=self.send_data) cmd_btn.pack(side=tk.LEFT) def __opt_area(self): opt_frame = tk.Frame(self.root) opt_frame.pack(fill=tk.X, padx=5, pady=5) # Serial port setting port_label = tk.Label(opt_frame, text=strings.port_lbl_text, font=font) self.port_var = tk.StringVar() self.port_var.set(strings.select_port) if len(PORTS) == 0: port_opmenu = tk.OptionMenu(opt_frame, self.port_var, ‘‘) else: port_opmenu = tk.OptionMenu(opt_frame, self.port_var, *PORTS) port_opmenu.config(anchor=tk.W, width=10, font=font) port_label.pack(side=tk.LEFT) port_opmenu.pack(side=tk.LEFT) # Baudrate setting brt_label = tk.Label(opt_frame, text=strings.baud_lbl_text, font=font) self.brt_var = tk.StringVar() self.brt_var.set(BAUDRATES[3]) brt_opmenu = tk.OptionMenu(opt_frame, self.brt_var, *BAUDRATES) brt_opmenu.config(anchor=tk.W, width=3, font=font) brt_label.pack(side=tk.LEFT) brt_opmenu.pack(side=tk.LEFT) # Bytesize setting size_label = tk.Label(opt_frame, text=strings.size_lbl_text, font=font) self.size_var = tk.StringVar() self.size_var.set(BYTESIZES[3]) size_opmenu = tk.OptionMenu(opt_frame, self.size_var, *BYTESIZES) size_opmenu.config(anchor=tk.W, width=3, font=font) size_label.pack(side=tk.LEFT) size_opmenu.pack(side=tk.LEFT) # Parity setting parity_label = tk.Label(opt_frame, text=strings.parity_lbl_text, font=font) self.parity_var = tk.StringVar() self.parity_var.set(‘None‘) parity_opmenu = tk.OptionMenu(opt_frame, self.parity_var, *PARITIES) parity_opmenu.config(anchor=tk.W, width=3, font=font) parity_label.pack(side=tk.LEFT) parity_opmenu.pack(side=tk.LEFT) # Stopbit setting stop_label = tk.Label(opt_frame, text=strings.stopbit_lbl_text, font=font) self.stop_var = tk.StringVar() self.stop_var.set(STOPBITS[0]) stop_opmenu = tk.OptionMenu(opt_frame, self.stop_var, *STOPBITS) stop_opmenu.config(anchor=tk.W, width=3, font=font) stop_label.pack(side=tk.LEFT) stop_opmenu.pack(side=tk.LEFT) # Set buttons control_frame = tk.Frame(self.root, width=300) status_frame = tk.Frame(self.root, width=300) control_frame.pack(side=tk.LEFT) status_frame.pack(side=tk.RIGHT) start_btn = tk.Button(control_frame, text=strings.start_port_text, width=12, command=self.start_port) close_btn = tk.Button(control_frame, text=strings.close_port_text, width=12, command=self.close_port) start_btn.pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=5) close_btn.pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=5) self.state_lbl = tk.Label(control_frame, text=‘‘) self.state_lbl.pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=5) # Status frame widgets send_cnt_label = tk.Label(status_frame, text=strings.send_lbl_text, font=font) self.send_cnt = tk.StringVar() self.send_cnt.set(self.TX) send_cnt_entry = tk.Entry(status_frame, textvariable=self.send_cnt, width=10, font=font, relief=tk.SUNKEN, state=tk.DISABLED, justify=tk.RIGHT) send_cnt_label.pack(side=tk.LEFT) send_cnt_entry.pack(side=tk.LEFT) recv_cnt_label = tk.Label(status_frame, text=strings.recv_lbl_text, font=font) self.recv_cnt = tk.StringVar() self.recv_cnt.set(self.RX) recv_cnt_entry = tk.Entry(status_frame, textvariable=self.recv_cnt, width=10, font=font, relief=tk.SUNKEN, state=tk.DISABLED, justify=tk.RIGHT) recv_cnt_label.pack(side=tk.LEFT) recv_cnt_entry.pack(side=tk.LEFT) clr_btn = tk.Button(status_frame, text=strings.clear_btn_text, font=font, command=self.clear_count) clr_btn.pack() def clear_received(self): self.recv_txtarea.delete(0.0, tk.END) def clear_sent(self): self.send_txtarea.delete(0.0, tk.END) def clear_count(self): pass def start_port(self): pass def send_data(self): pass def recv_data(self): pass class SerialAssistant(SerialAssistantGUI): portisopen = 0 TX = 0 RX = 0 def __init__(self): super(SerialAssistant, self).__init__() def clear_count(self): self.RX = 0 self.TX = 0 self.send_cnt.set(self.RX) self.recv_cnt.set(self.TX) def start_port(self): port = self.port_var.get() baudrate = int(self.brt_var.get()) bytesize = int(self.size_var.get()) parity = PARITIES[self.parity_var.get()] stopbits = float(self.stop_var.get()) try: self.s = serial.Serial(port=port, baudrate=baudrate, bytesize=bytesize, parity=parity, stopbits=stopbits, timeout=TIMEOUT) except serial.SerialException as e: msgbox.showerror("OpenError", e) except serial.SerialTimeoutException as e: msgbox.showerror("OpenError", e) else: self.portisopen = 1 self.state_lbl.config(background=‘green‘, text=port + strings.opening) self.th = threading.Thread(target=self.recv_data) self.th.daemon = True self.th.start() def send_data(self): if self.portisopen: data_fmt = [] data = self.send_txtarea.get(0.0, tk.END) if len(data) == 1: return if self.send_mode.get(): if data[-1] == ‘x0a‘: data = data[0:-1] data_fmt = format_data(data) for each in data_fmt: try: x = binascii.a2b_hex(each) except TypeError: x = ‘x00‘ self.s.write(x) self.TX += 1 else: if data[-1] == ‘ ‘: data = data[0:-1] if self.linebreak.get(): data = data.replace(‘ ‘, ‘ ‘) self.s.write(data.encode(‘utf-8‘)) self.TX += len(data) self.send_cnt.set(self.TX) else: msgbox.showerror("Error", "Port NOT open!") return def recv_data(self): while self.portisopen: data = self.s.read() if len(data) != 0: if self.recv_mode.get() == 1: data = binascii.b2a_hex(data) if sys.version_info.major == 3: data += b‘ ‘ elif sys.version_info.major == 2: data += ‘ ‘ self.RX += 1 else: self.RX += len(data) self.recv_cnt.set(self.RX) if data != ‘x0d‘: self.recv_txtarea.insert(tk.END, data) self.recv_txtarea.see(tk.END) return def close_port(self): if self.portisopen: self.portisopen = 0 self.s.close() self.state_lbl.config(background=‘red‘, text=self.port_var.get() + strings.closed) else: return def handler(self, signum, frame): self.portisopen = 0 self.th.join() def __del__(self): self.close_port() signal.signal(signal.SIGINT, self.handler) def main(): SerialAssistant() if __name__ == ‘__main__‘: main()
strings_zh.py：
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- APP_NAME = ‘串口调试助手‘ APP_VER = ‘0.3‘ AUTHOR = ‘cbdeng‘ recv_buf_text = "接收缓冲区" text_mode_text = "文本模式" hex_mode_text = "16进制模式" clear_recv_text = "清空接收" send_buf_text = "发送缓冲区" line_break_text = "换行符:‘\\r\\n‘" clear_send_text = "清空发送" send_btn_text = "发送数据" port_lbl_text = "串口:" baud_lbl_text = "波特率:" size_lbl_text = "数据位:" parity_lbl_text = "校验位:" stopbit_lbl_text = "停止位:" send_lbl_text = "SEND" recv_lbl_text = "RECV" clear_btn_text = "清除" opening = "已打开" closed = "已关闭" select_port = "请选择串口" start_port_text = "打开串口" close_port_text = "关闭串口"
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