arduino之16*16点阵庆祝祖国70周年

Posted 2022-12-30 dz-study

　　之前电脑上存了很多自己写的关于arduino的有趣的小demo，因为重装了系统，不小心误删了所有的文件(气的半死)，所以现在准备一有空就重写一下之前写过的东东，顺带再温习一次，这次总不能再删了吧，嘿嘿。

这次主要想记录一下点阵的使用，方便以后查阅，也分享出来和伙伴们一起学习进步。这次在代码中，用的最多的就是指针的使用，就当回顾知识点了。

　　用到的材料：一个16*16点阵（由4块8*8的led点阵组成的），arduino的uno。

　　用到的库文件：LedControl.h ，因为点阵是使用的max7219，这个库很不错。

先看看效果，下面是视频链接：

arduino之庆祝祖国70周年

 

下面直接上代码，有兴趣的小伙伴可以玩玩。

  1 #include <LedControl.h>
  2 const int DIN = 12;
  3 const int CLK = 10;
  4 const int CS = 11;
  5 int maxLen;//字的总个数
  6 int row;//纵向移动数组的行数
  7 int col;//横向移动数组的列数
  8 //自定义函数
  9 void showWordByArr(LedControl led, byte[][2]); //通过数组显示
 10 void showWordByPtr(LedControl led, byte(*word)[2]); //通过数组指针显示
 11 void showWords(LedControl led, byte(*words)[16][2]); //显示一组文字
 12 void showTopMoveWords(LedControl led, byte(*words)[16][2]); //向上移动显示文字
 13 void showLeftMoveWords(LedControl led, byte(*words)[16][2]); //向左移动显示文字
 14 
 15 //初始化对象
 16 LedControl led = LedControl(DIN, CLK, CS , 4);
 17 byte a[][2] =  //实心五角星
 18 
 19   0x01, 0x00, //第一，二个设备
 20   0x01, 0x00,
 21   0x03, 0x80,
 22   0x03, 0x80,
 23   0x03, 0x80,
 24   0x07, 0xC0,
 25   0xFF, 0xFE,
 26   0x7F, 0xFC,
 27   0x3F, 0xF8, //第三，四个设备
 28   0x0F, 0xE0,
 29   0x0F, 0xE0,
 30   0x1F, 0xF0,
 31   0x1E, 0xF0,
 32   0x18, 0x30,
 33   0x20, 0x08,
 34   0x00, 0x00
 35 ;
 36 byte b[][2] =  //空心五角星
 37 
 38   0x01, 0x00, 0x01, 0x00, 0x02, 0x80, 0x02, 0x80, 0x02, 0x80, 0x04, 0x40, 0xFC, 0x7E, 0x40, 0x04,
 39   0x30, 0x18, 0x08, 0x20, 0x08, 0x20, 0x11, 0x90, 0x16, 0x50, 0x18, 0x30, 0x20, 0x08, 0x00, 0x00
 40 ;
 41 byte c[][2] =  //空心取反
 42 
 43   0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFC, 0x7F, 0xFC, 0x7F, 0xFC, 0x7F, 0xF8, 0x3F, 0x00, 0x01, 0x80, 0x03,
 44   0xC0, 0x07, 0xF0, 0x1F, 0xF0, 0x1F, 0xE0, 0x0F, 0xE1, 0x0F, 0xE7, 0xCF, 0xDF, 0xF7, 0xFF, 0xFF
 45 ;
 46 
 47 byte topWords[][16][2] = //庆祝祖国70周年
 48 
 49   0x00,
 50    
 51       0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x80, 0x3F, 0xFE, 0x20, 0x00, 0x20, 0x80, 0x20, 0x80, 0x20, 0x80, 0x2F, 0xFC,
 52       0x20, 0x80, 0x21, 0x40, 0x21, 0x40, 0x22, 0x20, 0x42, 0x20, 0x44, 0x10, 0x88, 0x08, 0x10, 0x06
 53   ,
 54   
 55       0x20, 0x00, 0x13, 0xFC, 0x12, 0x04, 0xFA, 0x04, 0x0A, 0x04, 0x12, 0x04, 0x13, 0xFC, 0x38, 0x90,
 56       0x54, 0x90, 0x94, 0x90, 0x10, 0x90, 0x11, 0x12, 0x11, 0x12, 0x12, 0x12, 0x14, 0x0E, 0x18, 0x00
 57   ,
 58    
 59       0x20, 0x00, 0x11, 0xF8, 0x11, 0x08, 0xF9, 0x08, 0x09, 0x08, 0x11, 0xF8, 0x11, 0x08, 0x39, 0x08,
 60       0x55, 0x08, 0x95, 0xF8, 0x11, 0x08, 0x11, 0x08, 0x11, 0x08, 0x11, 0x08, 0x17, 0xFE, 0x10, 0x00
 61   ,
 62    
 63       0x00, 0x00, 0x7F, 0xFC, 0x40, 0x04, 0x40, 0x04, 0x5F, 0xF4, 0x41, 0x04, 0x41, 0x04, 0x4F, 0xE4,
 64       0x41, 0x04, 0x41, 0x44, 0x41, 0x24, 0x5F, 0xF4, 0x40, 0x04, 0x40, 0x04, 0x7F, 0xFC, 0x40, 0x04
 65   ,
 66    
 67       0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x7C, 0x18, 0x44, 0x24, 0x44, 0x42, 0x08, 0x42, 0x08, 0x42,
 68       0x10, 0x42, 0x10, 0x42, 0x10, 0x42, 0x10, 0x24, 0x10, 0x18, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00
 69   ,
 70    
 71       0x00, 0x00, 0x3F, 0xF8, 0x21, 0x08, 0x21, 0x08, 0x2F, 0xE8, 0x21, 0x08, 0x21, 0x08, 0x3F, 0xF8,
 72       0x20, 0x08, 0x27, 0xC8, 0x24, 0x48, 0x24, 0x48, 0x27, 0xC8, 0x40, 0x08, 0x40, 0x28, 0x80, 0x10
 73   ,
 74    
 75       0x10, 0x00, 0x10, 0x00, 0x1F, 0xFC, 0x20, 0x80, 0x20, 0x80, 0x40, 0x80, 0x1F, 0xF8, 0x10, 0x80,
 76       0x10, 0x80, 0x10, 0x80, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0x00, 0x80, 0x00, 0x80, 0x00, 0x80, 0x00, 0x80, 0x00, 0x80
 77   ,
 78   
 79       0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
 80       0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x30,0x00,0x30,0x00,0x10,0x00,0x20,0x00,0x00,0x00
 81   
 82  
 83 ;
 84 byte words[][16][2]= //愿祖国繁荣昌盛，越来越好,
 85 
 86     
 87         0x00,0x00,0x3F,0xFE,0x20,0x80,0x27,0xF8,0x24,0x08,0x27,0xF8,0x24,0x08,0x27,0xF8,
 88         0x22,0x50,0x24,0x48,0x29,0x44,0x20,0x80,0x20,0x44,0x4A,0x42,0x4A,0x12,0x91,0xF0
 89     ,
 90      
 91         0x20,0x00,0x11,0xF8,0x11,0x08,0xF9,0x08,0x09,0x08,0x11,0xF8,0x11,0x08,0x39,0x08,
 92         0x55,0x08,0x95,0xF8,0x11,0x08,0x11,0x08,0x11,0x08,0x11,0x08,0x17,0xFE,0x10,0x00
 93     ,
 94      
 95         0x00,0x00,0x7F,0xFC,0x40,0x04,0x40,0x04,0x5F,0xF4,0x41,0x04,0x41,0x04,0x4F,0xE4,
 96         0x41,0x04,0x41,0x44,0x41,0x24,0x5F,0xF4,0x40,0x04,0x40,0x04,0x7F,0xFC,0x40,0x04
 97     ,
 98     
 99         0x20,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x40,0x3E,0xBE,0x48,0x2A,0xA8,0xFF,0x28,0x4A,0x10,0x7F,0x28,
100         0x04,0x46,0x08,0x80,0x1F,0x00,0x02,0x10,0x3F,0xF8,0x01,0x08,0x15,0x20,0x22,0x10
101     ,
102     
103         0x08,0x20,0x08,0x20,0xFF,0xFE,0x08,0x20,0x00,0x00,0x7F,0xFE,0x40,0x02,0x81,0x04,
104         0x01,0x00,0x7F,0xFC,0x03,0x80,0x05,0x40,0x09,0x20,0x31,0x18,0xC1,0x06,0x01,0x00
105     ,
106     
107         0x1F,0xF0,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x1F,0xF0,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x1F,0xF0,0x00,0x00,
108         0x3F,0xF8,0x20,0x08,0x20,0x08,0x3F,0xF8,0x20,0x08,0x20,0x08,0x3F,0xF8,0x20,0x08
109     ,
110     
111         0x00,0x90,0x00,0x88,0x3F,0xFC,0x20,0x80,0x20,0x88,0x3E,0x48,0x22,0x50,0x22,0x24,
112         0x4A,0x54,0x44,0x8C,0x81,0x04,0x3F,0xF8,0x24,0x48,0x24,0x48,0xFF,0xFE,0x00,0x00
113     ,
114     
115         0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
116         0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x30,0x00,0x30,0x00,0x10,0x00,0x20,0x00,0x00,0x00
117     ,
118     
119         0x10,0x28,0x10,0x24,0x10,0x20,0x7D,0xFC,0x11,0x20,0x11,0x24,0xFD,0x24,0x11,0x28,
120         0x11,0x28,0x51,0x10,0x5D,0x94,0x51,0x2C,0x70,0x44,0x50,0x00,0x4F,0xFE,0x80,0x00
121     ,
122     
123         0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x7F,0xFC,0x01,0x00,0x11,0x10,0x09,0x10,0x09,0x20,
124         0xFF,0xFE,0x03,0x80,0x05,0x40,0x09,0x20,0x31,0x18,0xC1,0x06,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00
125     ,
126     
127         0x10,0x28,0x10,0x24,0x10,0x20,0x7D,0xFC,0x11,0x20,0x11,0x24,0xFD,0x24,0x11,0x28,
128         0x11,0x28,0x51,0x10,0x5D,0x94,0x51,0x2C,0x70,0x44,0x50,0x00,0x4F,0xFE,0x80,0x00
129     ,
130     
131         0x10,0x00,0x10,0xFC,0x10,0x04,0x10,0x08,0xFC,0x10,0x24,0x20,0x24,0x20,0x25,0xFE,
132         0x24,0x20,0x48,0x20,0x28,0x20,0x10,0x20,0x28,0x20,0x44,0x20,0x84,0xA0,0x00,0x40
133     ,
134     
135         0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
136         0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x30,0x00,0x30,0x00,0x10,0x00,0x20,0x00,0x00,0x00
137     
138 ;
139 byte leftWords[][16][2]=  //我爱你中国！
140 
141     
142         0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
143         0x00,0x00,0x1A,0x1C,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00
144     ,
145     
146         0x04,0x24,0x24,0x24,0x7F,0xC4,0x44,0x04,0x04,0xFF,0x04,0x44,0x34,0x05,0x04,0x00,
147         0x00,0x10,0x12,0x21,0xFE,0x40,0x82,0x02,0x04,0xC8,0x30,0x28,0x44,0x82,0x1F,0x00
148     ,
149     
150         0x01,0x26,0x34,0x2C,0x24,0x24,0x37,0x4C,0x44,0x44,0x4C,0x74,0xC4,0x45,0x06,0x00,
151         0x00,0x82,0x84,0x89,0x91,0xE1,0xB2,0xAA,0xA4,0xA4,0xAA,0xB2,0x81,0x01,0x01,0x00
152     ,
153     
154         0x00,0x01,0x06,0x1F,0xE0,0x02,0x04,0x18,0xF0,0x10,0x13,0x10,0x10,0x14,0x18,0x00,
155         0x80,0x00,0x00,0xFF,0x00,0x08,0x30,0xC0,0x02,0x01,0xFE,0x00,0x80,0x60,0x18,0x00
156     ,
157     
158         0x00,0x00,0x0F,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0xFF,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x0F,0x00,0x00,0x00,
159         0x00,0x00,0xF0,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0xFF,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0xF0,0x00,0x00,0x00
160     ,
161     
162         0x00,0x7F,0x40,0x48,0x49,0x49,0x49,0x4F,0x49,0x49,0x49,0x48,0x40,0x7F,0x00,0x00,
163         0x00,0xFF,0x02,0x12,0x12,0x12,0x12,0xF2,0x12,0x52,0x32,0x12,0x02,0xFF,0x00,0x00
164     ,
165     
166         0x00,0x00,0x00,0x7F,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
167         0x00,0x00,0x00,0xCC,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00
168     
169 ;
170 
171 
172 void setup() 
173   for (int i = 0; i < 4; ++i)
174   
175     led.shutdown(i, false);//关闭省电模式，这一步必须做，否则显示不出来
176     led.clearDisplay(i);//清空数据
177   
178   maxLen = sizeof(words)/sizeof(*words);//计算总的字数
179   row = 16 * (sizeof(topWords) / sizeof(*topWords));
180   col = 16 * (sizeof(leftWords) / sizeof(*leftWords));
181 
182 
183 void loop() 
184   // put your main code here, to run repeatedly:
185   showWordByPtr(led, b); //空心
186   delay(500);
187   for(int i =0;i<5;++i)
188   
189     showWordByArr(led, a); //实心
190     delay(200);
191     showWordByArr(led, c); //空心取反
192     delay(200);
193   
194   showWordByArr(led, a); //实心
195   delay(800);
196   showTopMoveWords(led, topWords);
197   delay(500);
198   showWords(led, words);
199   delay(100);
200   showLeftMoveWords(led, leftWords);
201   delay(1000);
202 
203 
204 void showWordByArr(LedControl led, byte word[][2]) 
205 
206   for (int i = 0; i < 4; ++i)
207   
208     if (i < 2)
209     
210       for (int j = 0; j < 8; ++j)
211       
212         led.setRow(i, j, word[j][i]);
213       
214     
215     else
216     
217       for (int j = 0; j < 8; ++j)
218       
219         led.setRow(i, j, word[j + 8][i - 2]);
220       
221     
222   
223 
224 
225 void showWordByPtr(LedControl led, byte (*word)[2])
226 
227   for (int i = 0; i < 4; ++i)
228   
229     if (i < 2)
230     
231       for (int j = 0; j < 8; ++j)
232       
233         led.setRow(i, j, *(*(word + j) + i));
234       
235     
236     else
237     
238       for (int j = 0; j < 8; ++j)
239       
240         led.setRow(i, j, *(*(word + j + 8) + i - 2));
241       
242     
243   
244 
245 
246 void showWords(LedControl led, byte (*words)[16][2])
247 
248   for (int i = 0; i < maxLen; ++i)
249   
250     showWordByPtr(led, *(words + i));
251     delay(800);
252   
253 
254 
255 void showTopMoveWords(LedControl led, byte(*words)[16][2])
256 
257   byte *temp = *(*words); //获取第一个二维数组的第一行的(第一个元素)的指针
258   byte* dump = temp;
259   for(int n =0;n<=row-16;++n)
260   
261     dump = temp;
262     for (int i = 0; i < 4; ++i)//共4块8*8led点阵，每块显示完再到下一块
263     
264       dump = temp;
265       if (i < 2)  //第一、二块的点阵
266       
267         for (int j = 0; j < 8; ++j)  //每块点阵共8行，所以循环8次
268         
269           led.setRow(i, j, *(dump + i));
270           dump+=2;  //指向下一行的第一个位置
271         
272       
273       else  //第三、四块点阵显示
274       
275         dump+=16;  //因为是显示二维数组的后半部分，这里要加一下。
276         for (int j = 0; j < 8; ++j)
277         
278           led.setRow(i, j, *(dump+i-2));
279           dump+=2;
280         
281       
282     
283     temp += 2;//每次循环完，指向下一行。
284     delay(35); //每次显示之间间隔35ms,这是我自己测试的，如果想要更快或更慢可以相应调整这个参数。
285   
286 
287 
288 void showLeftMoveWords(LedControl led, byte(*words)[16][2])
289 
290     byte* first = *(*words);
291     byte* firstChangeFlag = first + 15;//开始遍历的指针需要变换的标志(也就是当first和firstChangeFlag相等时，说明first需要再偏移17).
292     byte* temp = first; //负责显示第一、二个led点阵的指针
293     byte* temp1 = first + 16; //负责显示第三、四个点阵的指针
294     for (int n = 0; n < col - 16; ++n)
295     
296         temp = first;
297         temp1 = first + 16;
298         for (int i=0;i<4;++i)
299         
300             if (i < 2) //第一、二个点阵
301             
302                 for (int j = 0; j < 8; ++j)
303                 
304                     led.setColumn(i, j, *temp);
305                     if (temp == firstChangeFlag)
306                     
307                         temp += 17;
308                     
309                     else
310                     
311                         temp++;
312                     
313                 
314             
315             else  //第三、四个点阵
316             
317                 for (int k=0; k<8; ++k)
318                 
319                     led.setColumn(i, k, *temp1);
320                     if (temp1 == firstChangeFlag+16)
321                     
322                         temp1 += 17;
323                     
324                     else
325                     
326                         temp1++;
327                     
328                 
329             
330         
331         if (first == firstChangeFlag)
332         
333             first += 17;
334             firstChangeFlag = first + 15;
335         
336         else
337         
338             first++;
339         
340         //delay(1000);
341     
342 

最后总结一下：

　　1. 汉字的点阵数组是使用16*16字模软件提取出来的，我用的是字模提取 v2.2版本，网上搜一下就有。

　　2. 原来写过的，只是单纯的显示汉字，这次把文字移动显示加上去了。

　　3. 向左移动文字的那个函数想了好久才写出来的，主要是太浮躁了，后来静下心来仔细推敲，是发现指针遍历数组的顺序有问题，这才解决了。

　　4. 通过视频可以看到，向左移动显示的效果还是有点问题的，上面一半的显示和下面一半的显示有一点不同步，难道是处理器跟不上？(自我安慰)。希望有路过大神指点一下。

　　5. 最后要感谢下面的文章，是当初玩点阵入门的时候的参考资料。

LedControl库的使用

Arduino Uno 使用MAX7219驱动单个8*8点阵LED模块 - 凌顺实验室