Django组件——forms组件
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Django组件——forms组件
一、校验字段功能
针对一个实例：注册用户。
模型：models.py
class UserInfo(models.Model):
name=models.CharField(max_length=32)
pwd=models.CharField(max_length=32)
email=models.EmailField()
tel=models.CharField(max_length=32)模板：register.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="" method="post">
% csrf_token %
<div>
<label for="user">用户名</label>
<p><input type="text" name="name" id="name"></p>
</div>
<div>
<label for="pwd">密码</label>
<p><input type="password" name="pwd" id="pwd"></p>
</div>
<div>
<label for="r_pwd">确认密码</label>
<p><input type="password" name="r_pwd" id="r_pwd"></p>
</div>
<div>
<label for="email">邮箱</label>
<p><input type="text" name="email" id="email"></p>
</div>
<input type="submit">
</form>
</body>
</html>视图函数：register
# forms组件
from django.forms import widgets
wid_01=widgets.TextInput(attrs="class":"form-control")
wid_02=widgets.PasswordInput(attrs="class":"form-control")
class UserForm(forms.Form):
name=forms.CharField(max_length=32,
widget=wid_01
)
pwd=forms.CharField(max_length=32,widget=wid_02)
r_pwd=forms.CharField(max_length=32,widget=wid_02)
email=forms.EmailField(widget=wid_01)
tel=forms.CharField(max_length=32,widget=wid_01)
def register(request):
if request.method=="POST":
form=UserForm(request.POST)
if form.is_valid():
print(form.cleaned_data) # 所有干净的字段以及对应的值
else:
print(form.cleaned_data) #
print(form.errors) # ErrorDict : "校验错误的字段":["错误信息",]
print(form.errors.get("name")) # ErrorList ["错误信息",]
return HttpResponse("OK")
form=UserForm()
return render(request,"register.html",locals())二、渲染标签功能
渲染方式1
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
<!-- 最新版本的 Bootstrap 核心 CSS 文件 -->
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" integrity="sha384-BVYiiSIFeK1dGmJRAkycuHAHRg32OmUcww7on3RYdg4Va+PmSTsz/K68vbdEjh4u" crossorigin="anonymous">
</head>
<body>
<h3>注册页面</h3>
<div class="container">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-6 col-lg-offset-3">
<form action="" method="post">
% csrf_token %
<div>
<label for="">用户名</label>
form.name
</div>
<div>
<label for="">密码</label>
form.pwd
</div>
<div>
<label for="">确认密码</label>
form.r_pwd
</div>
<div>
<label for=""> 邮箱</label>
form.email
</div>
<input type="submit" class="btn btn-default pull-right">
</form>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>渲染方式2
<form action="" method="post">
% csrf_token %
% for field in form %
<div>
<label for=""> field.label </label>
field
</div>
% endfor %
<input type="submit" class="btn btn-default pull-right">
</form>渲染方式3
<form action="" method="post">
% csrf_token %
form.as_p
<input type="submit" class="btn btn-default pull-right">
</form>三、显示错误与重置输入信息功能
视图：
def register(request):
if request.method=="POST":
form=UserForm(request.POST)
if form.is_valid():
print(form.cleaned_data) # 所有干净的字段以及对应的值
else:
print(form.cleaned_data) #
print(form.errors) # ErrorDict : "校验错误的字段":["错误信息",]
print(form.errors.get("name")) # ErrorList ["错误信息",]
return render(request,"register.html",locals())
form=UserForm()
return render(request,"register.html",locals())模板：
<form action="" method="post" novalidate>
% csrf_token %
% for field in form %
<div>
<label for=""> field.label </label>
field <span class="pull-right" style="color: red"> field.errors.0 </span>
</div>
% endfor %
<input type="submit" class="btn btn-default">
</form>四、局部钩子与全局钩子
视图：
# forms组件
from django.forms import widgets
wid_01=widgets.TextInput(attrs="class":"form-control")
wid_02=widgets.PasswordInput(attrs="class":"form-control")
from django.core.exceptions import ValidationError
class UserForm(forms.Form):
name=forms.CharField(max_length=32,
widget=wid_01
)
pwd=forms.CharField(max_length=32,widget=wid_02)
r_pwd=forms.CharField(max_length=32,widget=wid_02)
email=forms.EmailField(widget=wid_01)
tel=forms.CharField(max_length=32,widget=wid_01)
# 局部钩子
def clean_name(self):
val=self.cleaned_data.get("name")
if not val.isdigit():
return val
else:
raise ValidationError("用户名不能是纯数字!")
# 全局钩子
def clean(self):
pwd=self.cleaned_data.get("pwd")
r_pwd=self.cleaned_data.get("r_pwd")
if pwd==r_pwd:
return self.cleaned_data
else:
raise ValidationError('两次密码不一致!')
def register(request):
if request.method=="POST":
form=UserForm(request.POST)
if form.is_valid():
print(form.cleaned_data) # 所有干净的字段以及对应的值
else:
clean_error=form.errors.get("__all__")
return render(request,"register.html",locals())
form=UserForm()
return render(request,"register.html",locals())模板：
<form action="" method="post" novalidate>
% csrf_token %
% for field in form %
<div>
<label for=""> field.label </label>
field
<span class="pull-right" style="color: red">
% if field.label == 'r_pwd' %
<span> clean_error.0 </span>
% endif %
field.errors.0
</span>
</div>
% endfor %
<input type="submit" class="btn btn-default">
</form>以上是关于Django组件——forms组件的主要内容，如果未能解决你的问题，请参考以下文章