Django-forms组件
Posted 897463196-a
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forms组件是用来干什么的？
1、校验数据；
2、页面显示错误信息；
3、渲染页面；
4、重置数据。
views.py中：
from django import forms class BookForm(forms.Form): title = forms.CharField(max_length=32) price = forms.IntegerField() email = forms.EmailField()
其中，title、price、email是用来校验的字段。我们可以在Django Console中对它们进行校验：
Django Console：
#校验某个类下的字段，我们需要导入要校验的类
from app01.views import BookForm
fm=BookForm("title":"yuan","price":123,"email":"123")
fm.is_valid() # 合法返回True，不和法返回False False
fm.cleaned_data # 显示合法字段及其值（字典格式） ‘title‘: ‘yuan‘, ‘price‘: 123
fm.errors # 显示不合法字段及其值（字典格式） ‘email‘: [‘Enter a valid email address.‘] fm=BookForm("title":"yuan","price":123,"email":"123@qq.com") fm.is_valid() True fm.cleaned_data ‘title‘: ‘yuan‘, ‘price‘: 123, ‘email‘: ‘123@qq.com‘ fm.errors
fm=BookForm("title":"yuan","price":123,"email":"123@qq.com","abc":123) # 只要需要校验的字段是合法的，那就是合法的，加其他内容无所谓 fm.is_valid() True fm.cleaned_data ‘title‘: ‘yuan‘, ‘price‘: 123, ‘email‘: ‘123@qq.com‘ fm.errors fm=BookForm("title":"yuanhfdurhgdjfhdfruhfugfhrfherjhfeuhuerhtu","price":123,"email":"123@qq.com","abc":123) fm.is_valid() False fm.cleaned_data ‘price‘: 123, ‘email‘: ‘123@qq.com‘ fm.errors ‘title‘: [‘Ensure this value has at most 32 characters (it has 42).‘]
登录示例：
1.用户名长度不能低于5位；
2.密码必须是纯数字；
3.邮箱必须符合邮箱格式；
4.如果输入数据格式有问题，显示给用户。
首先，在数据库中创建一张表（用于存取合格数据）
models.py:
class UserInfo(models.Model): user=models.CharField(max_length=32) pwd=models.CharField(max_length=32) email=models.CharField(max_length=32)
发送http://127.0.0.1:8000/reg/请求：
urls.py:
from app01 import views urlpatterns = [ path(‘admin/‘, admin.site.urls), path(‘reg/‘, views.reg), ]
views.py:
from django import forms from app01.models import UserInfo class UserForm(forms.Form): msg="required":"该字段不能为空" user=forms.CharField(min_length=5, error_messages=msg) pwd=forms.IntegerField(error_messages=msg) email=forms.EmailField(error_messages=msg) def reg(request): if request.method=="POST": print(request.POST) # 数据校验 form=UserForm(request.POST) if form.is_valid(): print(form.cleaned_data) UserInfo.objects.create(**form.cleaned_data) return HttpResponse("ok") else: # print(form.cleaned_data) # print(form.errors) # "user":["",""] # print(form.errors.get("user")) # print(form.errors.get("user")[0]) errors=form.errors return render(request, "reg.html", "errors":errors) else: return render(request, "reg.html")
reg.html:
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Title</title> </head> <style> .error color: red; margin-left: 12px; </style> <body> <form action="" method="post"> % csrf_token % <p>用户名 <input type="text" name="user"><span class="error"> errors.user.0 </span></p> <p>密码 <input type="text" name="pwd"><span class="error"> errors.pwd.0 </span></p> <p>邮箱 <input type="text" name="email"><span class="error"> errors.email.0 </span></p> <input type="submit"> </form> </body> </html>
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