python 爬虫 user-agent 生成

Posted 2022-12-15 whnba

有些网站做了反爬技术，如：比较初级的通过判断请求头部中的user-agent字段来检测是否通过浏览器访问的。

在爬这类网站时需要模拟user-agent

import random
import re
from typing import Dict, List


class UserAgent:

    ‘‘‘
    代理
    ‘‘‘
    __filepath = ‘user-agent.txt‘

    ‘‘‘
    对象实例
    ‘‘‘
    __instance = None

    ‘‘‘
    代理浏览器
    ‘‘‘
    __dict: Dict[str, list] = 

    ‘‘‘
    代理浏览器
    ‘‘‘
    __list: List[str] = []

    ‘‘‘
    初始化
    ‘‘‘

    def __init__(self):
        reg = re.compile(r‘firefox|chrome|msie|opera‘, re.I)
        with open(self.__filepath, ‘r‘, encoding=‘utf_8_sig‘) as f:
            for r in f:
                result = reg.search(r) and reg.search(r).group().lower()
                if result and (not result in self.__dict):
                    self.__dict[result] = []
                result and self.__dict[result].append(r.strip())
                self.__list.append(r.strip())

    ‘‘‘
    单例 - 构造函数
    ‘‘‘
    def __new__(cls):
        if not cls.__instance:
            cls.__instance = super(UserAgent, cls).__new__(cls)
        return cls.__instance

    ‘‘‘
    谷歌
    ‘‘‘
    @property
    def chrome(self) -> str:
        return random.choice(self.__dict[‘chrome‘])

    ‘‘‘
    火狐
    ‘‘‘
    @property
    def firefox(self) -> str:
        return random.choice(self.__dict[‘firefox‘])

    ‘‘‘
    IE
    ‘‘‘
    @property
    def ie(self) -> str:
        return random.choice(self.__dict[‘msie‘])

    ‘‘‘
    Opera 浏览器
    ‘‘‘
    @property
    def opera(self) -> str:
        return random.choice(self.__dict[‘opera‘])

    ‘‘‘
    随机
    ‘‘‘

    def random(self) -> str:
        return random.choice(self.__list)


    ‘‘‘
    迭代
    ‘‘‘
    def __iter__(self):
        self.__iter = iter(self.__list)
        return self

    ‘‘‘
    下一个
    ‘‘‘
    def __next__(self):
        return next(self.__iter)

    ‘‘‘
    索引
    ‘‘‘
    def __getitem__(self, index) -> str or List(str):
        return self.__list[index]


useragent = UserAgent()
print(useragent.random())

‘‘‘
for n in useragent:
    print(n)
‘‘‘

 

user-agent.txt

Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1) AppleWebKit/537.36 (Khtml, like Gecko) Chrome/41.0.2228.0 Safari/537.36
Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_10_1) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/41.0.2227.1 Safari/537.36
Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/41.0.2227.0 Safari/537.36
Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/41.0.2227.0 Safari/537.36
Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/41.0.2226.0 Safari/537.36
Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.4; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/41.0.2225.0 Safari/537.36
Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/41.0.2225.0 Safari/537.36
Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.1) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/41.0.2224.3 Safari/537.36
Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/40.0.2214.93 Safari/537.36
Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_10_1) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/37.0.2062.124 Safari/537.36
Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/37.0.2049.0 Safari/537.36
Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 4.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/37.0.2049.0 Safari/537.36
Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/36.0.1985.67 Safari/537.36
Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.1) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/36.0.1985.67 Safari/537.36
Mozilla/5.0 (X11; OpenBSD i386) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/36.0.1985.125 Safari/537.36
Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_9_2) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/36.0.1944.0 Safari/537.36
Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.1) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/35.0.3319.102 Safari/537.36
Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.1) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/35.0.2309.372 Safari/537.36
Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.1) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/35.0.2117.157 Safari/537.36
Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_9_3) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/35.0.1916.47 Safari/537.36
Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.1) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/34.0.1866.237 Safari/537.36
Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/34.0.1847.137 Safari/4E423F
Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.1) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/34.0.1847.116 Safari/537.36 Mozilla/5.0 (iPad; U; CPU OS 3_2 like Mac OS X; en-us) AppleWebKit/531.21.10 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/4.0.4 Mobile/7B334b Safari/531.21.10
Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/33.0.1750.517 Safari/537.36
Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/32.0.1667.0 Safari/537.36
Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_9_0) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/32.0.1664.3 Safari/537.36
Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_8_0) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/32.0.1664.3 Safari/537.36
Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.1) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/31.0.1650.16 Safari/537.36
Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/31.0.1623.0 Safari/537.36
......
Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; U; Intel Mac OS X 10_5_8; zh-cn) AppleWebKit/533.18.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/5.0.2 Safari/533.18.5

 

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